| Pleß | |
| Photo Size: | 282px |
| Elevation: | (645.4disp=output onlyNaNdisp=output only) |
| Range: | Salzungen Werra Highland commonly: Anterior Rhön |
| Location: | Schmalkalden-Meiningen, Thuringia, Germany |
| Map: | Germany Thuringia |
| Coordinates: | 50.7439°N 10.2419°W |
| Type: | extinct stratovolcano |
| Geology: | basalt |
The Pleß is a mountain,, in the county of Schmalkalden-Meiningen in the Salzungen Werra Highland in the German state of Thuringia.
The Pleß is generally seen as the northeasternmost mountain of the Anterior Rhön, but is counted by the Bundesanstalt für Landeskunde as part of the adjacent natural region of the Salzung Werra Upland to the northeast. The Thurigian State Office for Geology and the Environment (Thüringer Landesanstalt für Umwelt und Geologie) sees it as part of the Rhön. Geologically it was clearly formed as part of the volcanism of the Rhön, but is surrounded by the bunter sandstone of the Werra Upland.
Among the nearest municipalities are Bad Salzungen to the north. Breitungen to the east-northeast, the nearby Rosa to the south and Urnshausen to the southwest. Seen from the Thuringian Forest which is somewhat further east it is on the left (east-southeast) next to the mountains of Baier, Dietrichsberg (Dietrich) and Öchsenberg (Öchsen).
The Pleß is of basaltic volcanic origin.
At the summit of the Pleß is a viewing tower from which the mountains of the Thuringian Forest and the Rhön, the valley of the Werra and the castle of Wartburg can be seen.
The original name of the Pleß was the Bleßberg. However, because there were two Bleßbergs in the Duchy of Saxe-Meiningen, an "upland" Bleßberg in the vicinity of Eisfeld and this "lowland" one - which often led to confusion – the name was changed at the behest of Duke George II at the end of the 19th century to Pleßberg. A short time later, the suffix "-berg" was dropped.
As early as the 19th century the Pleßhaus (north of the summit) and a viewing tower were built. In East Germany the mountain was declared an out-of-bounds area as part of the Bad Salzungen Training Area which extended mainly to the north of the mountain. The Pleßhaus was used as accommodation for the soldiers. Later, a barracks was built on the Pleß, but it stood empty and slowly decayed. Even the viewing tower was demolished.
Keen locals began the preservation of the Pleßhaus. The new Pleßhaus was rebuilt at the Jägerstein. The inn there bears the name Seeblick today.
Following the gradually withdrawal of the Bundeswehr during the 1990s, it became possible to walk in the area again. In March 1996 the municipality of Breitungen purchased the area of the Pleßberg and has since had its own Hausberg. In the wake of that, some time later a new observation tower was built on the Pleß.