PlayStation 2 technical specifications explained

The PlayStation 2 technical specifications describe the various components of the PlayStation 2 (PS2) video game console.

Overview

The sixth-generation hardware of the PlayStation 2 video game console consists of various components. At the heart of the console's configuration is its central processing unit (CPU), a custom RISC processor known as the Emotion Engine which operates at 294.912 MHz (299 MHz in later consoles). The CPU heavily relies on its integration with two vector processing units, known as VPU0 and VPU1, the Graphics Synthesizer, and a floating-point unit (FPU) in order to render 3D graphics. Other components, such as the system's DVD-ROM optical drive and DualShock 2 controller, provide the software and user control input.

PlayStation 2 software is distributed on CD-ROM and DVD-ROM. In addition, the console can play audio CDs and DVD movies, and is backwards compatible with original PlayStation games. This is accomplished through the inclusion of the original PlayStation's CPU which also serves as the PS2's I/O processor, clocked at 36.864 MHz in PS2 mode.[1] The PS2 also supports full functionality with the original PlayStation memory cards and controllers. The PS2's DualShock 2 controller is an upgraded version of the PlayStation's DualShock with analog face, shoulder and D-pad buttons replacing the digital buttons of the original.[2] Like its predecessor, the DualShock 2 controller features force feedback technology.

The standard PlayStation 2 memory card has an 8 MB capacity and uses Sony's MagicGate encryption. This requirement prevented the production of memory cards by third parties who did not purchase a MagicGate license. Memory cards without encryption can be used to store PlayStation game saves, but PlayStation games would be unable to read from or write to the card such a card could only be used as a backup. There are a variety of non-Sony manufactured memory cards available for the PlayStation 2, allowing for a larger memory capacity than the standard 8 MB. However their use is unsupported and compatibility is not guaranteed. These memory cards can have up to 128 MB storage space.

The console also features USB and IEEE 1394 expansion ports. Compatibility with USB and IEEE 1394 devices is dependent on the software supporting the device. For example, the PS2 BIOS will not boot an ISO image from a USB flash drive or operate a USB printer, as the machine's operating system does not include this functionality. By contrast, Gran Turismo 4 and Tourist Trophy are programmed to save screenshots to a USB mass storage device and print images on certain USB printers. A PlayStation 2 HDD can be installed via the expansion bay in the back of the console, and was required to play certain games, notably the popular Final Fantasy XI.[3]

Central processing unit

Interfaces

Performance

System memory

4 MB of 2560-bit DRAM @ 150 MHz, 48 GB/sec peak bandwidth

Graphics processing unit

GS effects include: Dot3 bump mapping (normal mapping),[31] mipmapping, spherical harmonic lighting,[32] alpha blending, alpha test, destination alpha test, depth test, scissor test, transparency effects, framebuffer effects, post-processing effects, perspective-correct texture mapping, edge-AAx2 (poly sorting required), bilinear, trilinear texture filtering, multi-pass, palletizing (6:1 ratio 4-bit; 3:1 ratio 8-bit), offscreen drawing, framebuffer mask, flat shading, Gouraud shading, cel shading, dithering, texture swizzling.

Audio

I/O processor (IOP)

Connectivity

Standard RGB mode only allows interlaced modes up to 480i (NTSC) and 576i (PAL) and progressive modes up to 240p. A display or adapter capable of sync on green (RGsB) is necessary for higher modes. Furthermore, the PS2's Macrovision copy protection isn't compatible with either RGB mode, and thus DVDs cannot be played with RGB. However, motherboard modifications have been known to bypass these issues.
VGA connector is only available for progressive-scan supported games, homebrew-enabled systems, and Linux for PlayStation 2, and requires a monitor that supports RGsB, or "sync on green" signals.
Contrary to popular belief, the PS2's YPBPR/component output does fully support 240p outputs, including games from the original PlayStation. However, 240p isn't part of the YPBPR standard, and thus not all TVs and HDTVs support it. Upscaling can be used as a workaround.

Optical disc drive

See also

Notes and References

  1. Web site: PS4 and Xbox One: so why aren't they backwards compatible?. Keith. Stuart. 12 December 2013. the Guardian. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150614144852/http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2013/dec/12/ps4-and-xbox-one-so-why-arent-they-backwards-compatible. 14 June 2015.
  2. Web site: Dual Shock 2 Review. February 7, 2011. September 27, 2001. IGN. The biggest difference between the Dual Shock 2 and the original… all of the buttons and even the digital pad offer analog support. This means that the d-pad, the four face buttons and the four shift buttons are all pressure-sensitive and have 255 degrees of sensitivity. It is also worth noting that the Dual Shock 2 is a bit lighter than the original Dual Shock because it appears to have less in the way of gears for the vibration function of the controller.. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20110515094304/http://gear.ign.com/articles/306/306387p1.html. 2011-05-15.
  3. Web site: Final Fantasy XI Review for PlayStation 2 – GameSpot. Uk.gamespot.com. March 23, 2004. November 11, 2010. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20110721205038/http://uk.gamespot.com/ps2/rpg/finalfantasy11/review.html. July 21, 2011.
  4. [John L. Hennessy]
  5. [Keith Diefendorff]
  6. https://www.sie.com/content/dam/corporate/en/corporate/release/pdf/030421be.pdf Sony Interactive Entertainment
  7. Web site: ソニー、65nm対応の半導体設備を導入。3年間で2,000億円の投資. pc.watch.impress.co.jp. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20160813020249/http://pc.watch.impress.co.jp/docs/2003/0421/sony1.htm. 2016-08-13.
  8. Web site: Tapping into the power of PS2. November 11, 2010. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20110720105403/http://www.technology.scee.net/files/presentations/agdc2000/ThePowerOfPS2.pdf. July 20, 2011. See bits on ps2's TnL & data setup. Also, look to pages 25 & 26 for a comparison of the ps2 to a PC architecture & memory setup, showing ps2 is based more around fast streaming of assets, as well as page 42 for a simple FSAA example.
  9. Web site: Emotion. Kim L. Vu. 7 July 2011. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20120614082544/http://www.cs.nyu.edu/courses/spring02/V22.0480-002/projects/vu/emotion.doc. 14 June 2012.
  10. Web site: Aaron D Lanterman. users.ece.gatech.edu. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20141024025255/http://users.ece.gatech.edu/lanterma/mpg/ece4893lec_ps2.pdf. 2014-10-24.
  11. Web site: Archived copy . 2016-02-07 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20160919225912/http://galileo.dmi.unict.it/utenti/emanuele-f/posts/ps2dev/docs/Procedural%20Rendering%20on%20PlayStation%202.pdf . 2016-09-19 .
  12. Book: Hennessy. John L. . John L. Hennessy . Patterson. David A. . David Patterson (scientist). Computer Architecture: A Quantitative Approach. 9 April 2013. 3. 29 May 2002. Morgan Kaufmann. 978-0-08-050252-6.
  13. Web site: [//citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.143.8576&rep=rep1&type=pdf Vector Unit Architecture for Emotion Synthesis ]. April 26, 2017 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20180510144703/http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.143.8576&rep=rep1&type=pdf . May 10, 2018 .
  14. Web site: Designing and Programming the Emotion Engine . April 26, 2017 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170428050915/http://www2.cs.ucy.ac.cy/~epl605/readings/00809374.pdf . April 28, 2017 .
  15. Web site: [//www.philvaz.com/games/PS2.htm Inside the Playstation 2 ]. philvaz.com . July 1, 2011 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110304150141/http://www.philvaz.com/games/PS2.htm . March 4, 2011 .
  16. https://www.gamespot.com/articles/malice-qanda/1100-2841253/ Malice PS2 Q&A
  17. https://web.archive.org/web/20220811235809/http://francksauer.com/index.php/games/unpublished-prototypes/16-games/unpublished-prototypes/50-amonra Amon Ra Prototype
  18. https://ttjontt.wixsite.com/gamehut/coding-secrets Coding Secrets/Game Hut
  19. Web site: Archived copy . 2014-09-30 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20141006180915/http://www.frc.ri.cmu.edu/~hpm/book97/ch3/processor.list.txt . 2014-10-06 .
  20. http://www.gamepilgrimage.com/sites/default/files/SystemSpecs/PS2/HowFarHaveWeGot.pdf Reaching for the Limits of PS2 Performance
  21. http://lukasz.dk/files/PS2Optimisations.pdf PS2 Optimizations
  22. https://www.ign.com/articles/2000/11/16/mdk2-armageddon-chat-transcript MDK2 Armageddon Chat Transcript
  23. https://docencia.ac.upc.edu/ETSETB/SEGPAR/microprocessors/emotionengine%20(mpr).pdf Sony's Emotionally Charged Chip
  24. https://www.psdevwiki.com/ps2/IOP/Deckard PS2 Dev Wiki - IOP
  25. https://archive.org/details/introducing-psx-scene Introducing PS2 to PC programmers
  26. https://www.psdevwiki.com/ps2/SPU2 PS2 Dev Wiki - SPU2
  27. Web site: GS Mode Selector: Development & Feedback. psx-scene.com. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20141203110118/http://psx-scene.com/forums/f291/gs-mode-selector-development-feedback-61808/#post457673. 2014-12-03.
  28. https://usermanual.wiki/Pdf/GSUsersManualSupplement.2084644775.pdf GS User's Manual Supplement
  29. https://www.dropbox.com/s/a8itrjrh5vz04j7/GSUSER_E.PDF GS User's Manual
  30. http://lukasz.dk/files/SpecialEffects.pdf Using the Z Buffer for Visual and Special Effects
  31. Web site: Archived copy . 2016-01-25 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20150516005328/http://lukasz.dk/files/ps2_normalmapping.pdf . 2015-05-16 .
  32. Web site: Practical Implementation of SH Lighting and HDR Rendering. slidegur.com. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20161009061943/http://slidegur.com/doc/3412625/practical-implementation-of-sh-lighting-and-hdr-rendering. 2016-10-09.
  33. Web site: Model numbers for PlayStation 2 and PS2 accessories. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20100316180039/http://maru-chang.com/hard/scph/index.php/english#SCPH-10400. 2010-03-16.
  34. Web site: Model numbers for PlayStation 2 and PS2 accessories. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20100316180039/http://maru-chang.com/hard/scph/index.php/english#SCPH-10390. 2010-03-16.
  35. Web site: PlayStation 2 SCPH-39001 Instruction manual. 2013-12-16. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20131216190349/http://us.playstation.com/support/manuals/ps2_30k/index.htm. 2013-12-16.
  36. Web site: SCEI Launches PlayStation 2 New Model SCPH-50000. 2013-12-16. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20141027161943/http://www.scei.co.jp/corporate/release/pdf/030414e.pdf. 2014-10-27.