| Castelfranco Emilia | |
| Official Name: | Comune di Castelfranco Emilia |
| Coordinates: | 44.5967°N 11.0528°W |
| Region: | Emilia-Romagna |
| Province: | Modena (MO) |
| Frazioni: | Casale California, Cavazzona, Gaggio, Madonna della Provvidenza, Manzolino, Panzano, Piumazzo, Rastellino, Recovato, Riolo |
| Mayor: | Giovanni Gargano (PD) |
| Area Total Km2: | 102.51 |
| Population Footnotes: | [1] |
| Population Total: | 32613 |
| Population As Of: | 30 June 2017 |
| Population Demonym: | Castelfranchesi |
| Elevation M: | 42 |
| Saint: | Donnino |
| Day: | September 8 |
| Postal Code: | 41013 |
| Area Code: | 059 |
Castelfranco Emilia (Western Bolognese: Castèl; Modenese: Castèlfrànc) is a town and comune in Modena, Emilia-Romagna, north-central Italy. The town lies about 25km (16miles) northwest of Bologna.
Castelfranco either occupies or lies near the site of the ancient Forum Gallorum, a place on the via Aemilia between Modena and Bologna. Near the town, on 14 April 43 BC, Octavian and Hirtius defeated Mark Antony in a battle during the War of Mutina.[2] The village never gained prominence in ancient times. While it was included in the Tabula Peutingeriana, it was omitted from all other Roman road itineraries.[3]
A fortress was built just outside the town in 1628 - 34 by Pope Urban VIII as a northern defensive bastion for the Papal States. By the late 19th century, the fortress had been converted to a prison. In 1861 it was joined with the former comune of Piumazzo. This town is home of the tortellini, a typical Italian food. In this region lambrusco wine is also produced. The church of Santa Maria Assunta houses Assumption of the Virgin by Guido Reni.