Pimoidae Explained

Pimoidae is a small family of araneomorph spiders first described by J. Wunderlich in 1986.^[1] As re-circumscribed in 2021, it is monophyletic, and contained 85 species in two genera. It is closely related to the Linyphiidae,^[2] and is sometimes treated as synonymous with that family.^[3]

The species Pimoa cthulhu, described by Gustavo Hormiga in 1994, is named for Howard Phillips Lovecraft's mythological deity Cthulhu.

Distribution

The ancestors of the family are thought to have been widely distributed across the Palearctic, Nearctic and Sino-Japanese regions, but species now have a more fragmented distribution.

Genera and species

, the World Spider Catalog accepted the following genera and species:^[4]

• Nanoa Hormiga, Buckle & Scharff, 2005
  • Nanoa enana Hormiga, Buckle & Scharff, 2005 — USA
• Pimoa Chamberlin & Ivie, 1943 — North America, Asia, Europe
  • Pimoa altioculata (Keyserling, 1886) – USA, Canada
  • Pimoa anatolica Hormiga, 1994 – China
  • Pimoa anning Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
  • Pimoa binchuanensis Zhang & Li, 2019 – China
  • Pimoa bomi Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
  • Pimoa breuili (Fage, 1931) – Spain
  • Pimoa breviata Chamberlin & Ivie, 1943 – USA
  • Pimoa cawarong Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
  • Pimoa clavata Xu & Li, 2007 – China
  • Pimoa cona Zhang & Li, 2020 – China
  • Pimoa crispa (Fage, 1946) – India
  • Pimoa cthulhu Hormiga, 1994 – USA
  • Pimoa curvata Chamberlin & Ivie, 1943 – USA
  • Pimoa daman Zhang & Li, 2021 – Nepal
  • Pimoa danba Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
  • Pimoa delphinica Mammola, Hormiga & Isaia, 2016 – Italy
  • Pimoa deqen Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
  • Pimoa dongjiu Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
  • Pimoa duiba Zhang & Li, 2020 – China
  • Pimoa edenticulata Hormiga, 1994 – USA
  • Pimoa exigua Irfan, Wang & Zhang, 2021 – China
  • Pimoa gagna Zhang & Li, 2021 – India
  • Pimoa gandhii Hormiga, 1994 – India
  • Pimoa graphitica Mammola, Hormiga & Isaia, 2016 – Italy, France
  • Pimoa guiqing Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
  • Pimoa gyaca Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
  • Pimoa gyara Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
  • Pimoa gyirong Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
  • Pimoa haden Chamberlin & Ivie, 1943 – USA
  • Pimoa heishui Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
  • Pimoa hespera (Gertsch & Ivie, 1936) (type species) – USA
  • Pimoa indiscreta Hormiga, 1994 – India
  • Pimoa jellisoni (Gertsch & Ivie, 1936) – USA
  • Pimoa jinchuan Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
  • Pimoa khaptad Zhang & Li, 2021 – Nepal
  • Pimoa koshi Zhang & Li, 2021 – Nepal
  • Pimoa lata Xu & Li, 2009 – China
  • Pimoa laurae Hormiga, 1994 – USA
  • Pimoa lemenba Zhang & Li, 2020 – China
  • Pimoa lhatog Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
  • Pimoa lihengae Griswold, Long & Hormiga, 1999 – China
  • Pimoa mainling Zhang & Li, 2020 – China
  • Pimoa mechi Zhang & Li, 2021 – Nepal
  • Pimoa mephitis Hormiga, 1994 – USA
  • Pimoa miandam Zhang & Li, 2021 – Pakistan
  • Pimoa miero Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
  • Pimoa mono Hormiga, 1994 – USA
  • Pimoa mude Zhang & Li, 2021 – Nepal
  • Pimoa muli Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
  • Pimoa nainital Zhang & Li, 2021 – India
  • Pimoa naran Zhang & Li, 2021 – Pakistan
  • Pimoa nematoides Hormiga, 1994 – Nepal
  • Pimoa ninglang Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
  • Pimoa nyalam Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
  • Pimoa nyingchi Zhang & Li, 2020 – China
  • Pimoa petita Hormiga, 1994 – USA
  • Pimoa phaplu Zhang & Li, 2021 – Nepal
  • Pimoa pingwuensis Irfan, Wang, Zhao & Zhang, 2022 – China
  • Pimoa putou Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
  • Pimoa rara Zhang & Li, 2021 – Nepal
  • Pimoa reniformis Xu & Li, 2007 – China
  • Pimoa rongxar Zhang & Li, 2020 – China
  • Pimoa rupicola (Simon, 1884) – France, Italy
  • Pimoa samyai Zhang & Li, 2020 – China
  • Pimoa sangri Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
  • Pimoa shigatse Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
  • Pimoa shoja Zhang & Li, 2021 – India
  • Pimoa sinuosa Hormiga, 1994 – Nepal
  • Pimoa tehama Hormiga & Lew, 2014 – USA
  • Pimoa tengchong Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
  • Pimoa thaleri Trotta, 2009 – India
  • Pimoa trifurcata Xu & Li, 2007 – China
  • Pimoa vera Gertsch, 1951 – USA
  • Pimoa wanglangensis Yuan, Zhao & Zhang, 2019 – China
  • Pimoa wulipoensis Irfan, Wang & Zhang, 2021 – China
  • Pimoa xiahe Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
  • Pimoa xinjianensis Zhang & Li, 2019 – China
  • Pimoa yadong Zhang & Li, 2020 – China
  • Pimoa yajiangensis Irfan, Wang, Zhao & Zhang, 2022 – China
  • Pimoa yejiei Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
  • Pimoa yele Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
  • Pimoa zayu Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
  • Pimoa zekogensis Irfan, Wang, Zhao & Zhang, 2022 – China
  • Pimoa zhigangi Zhang & Li, 2021 – China

Notes and References

1. Book: Wunderlich, J.. 1986. Spinnenfauna gestern und heute: Fossile Spinnen in Bernstein und ihre heute lebenden Verwandten.
2. Hormiga. Gustavo. 1994. A Revision and Cladistic Analysis of the Spider Family Pimoidae (Araneoidea: Araneae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology. 549. 533–542.
3. Book: Murphy. J. A.. Roberts. M. J.. 2015. Spider families of the world and their spinnerets. British Arachnological Society . 978-0950009377 .
4. Web site: Family: Pimoidae Wunderlich, 1986. World Spider Catalog. 2022-04-22. Natural History Museum Bern.