Pilauco Bajo Explained

Pilauco
Map Type:Chile
Map Size:200px
Relief:yes
Coordinates:-40.57°N -73.1039°W
Location:Southern Chile
Type:open-air
Occupants:[First American Settlers]
Event:Younger Dryas impact (claimed)
Excavations:2007–present
Archaeologists:Mario Pino Quivira (leader) and others
Ownership:Bienes Nacionales de Chile
Management:Austral University of Chile and Ilustre Municipalidad de Osorno
Public Access:Partial

Pilauco is a paleontological and archaeological site located in the city of Osorno in Southern Chile.[1] The site contains both human made lithic artifacts and megafauna remains–including gomphotheres.[1] All the horizons containing megafauna and evidence of human activity date to the late Pleistocene. The calibrated radiocarbon dates indicate there was human activity in the site between 16,400 and -12,800 cal years B.P.[1]

The site was claimed to contain evidence for the disputed Younger Dryas impact hypothesis.[2] [3]

Most of the stone artifacts found in Pilauco are made of volcanic rock such as dacite, rhyodacite and rhyolite from the Puyehue-Cordón Caulle Volcanic Complex immediately east in the Andes. Yet these rocks were imported by humans to the site as nearby rivers have not transported it.[4]

Paleontology

In a 2007-2008 paleontological investigation 648 complete and fractured bones, 37 teeth, 11 coprolites, 348 wood pieces, 126 seeds, 28 skin and hair fragments were found. Further, 71 sediment samples were collected for analysis.[5]

See also

Notes and References

  1. Navarro-Harris, X., Pino, M.; Guzmán-Marín, P. Lira, M. P. Labarca, R., Corgne, A. (2019). The procurement and use of knappable glassy volcanic raw material, Upper Pleistocene Pilauco site, Chilean Northwestern Patagonia. Geoarchaeology 1–21, DOI: 10.1002/gea.21736
  2. Holliday . Vance . Surovell . Todd . Meltzer . David . Grayson . Donald . Boslough . Mark . 2014-08-01 . The Younger Dryas impact hypothesis: A cosmic catastrophe . Journal of Quaternary Science . 29 . 6 . 515–530 . 10.1002/jqs.2724. 2014JQS....29..515H . 18644154 .
  3. This evidence include sediment layers with charcoal and pollen assemblages both indicating major disturbances as well as rare metallic spherules, and a Pt. Au and Pd peak anomaly originating from claimed to be derivative of airbursts or impacts.Pino . Mario. Mario Pino Quivira . Abarzúa . Ana M.. Astorga . Giselle. Martel-Cea . Alejandra . Cossio-Montecinos . Nathalie . Navarro . N. Ximena . Lira . Maria Paz. Labarca . Rafael . LeCompte . Malcolm A.. Adedeji . Victor. Moore . Christopher R. . Bunch . Ted E.. Mooney . Charles . Wolbach . Wendy S.. West . Allen . Kennett . James P. . 2019 . Sedimentary record from Patagonia, southern Chile supports cosmic-impact triggering of biomass burning, climate change, and megafaunal extinctions at 12.8 ka . Nature . 9 . 1. 4413. 10.1038/s41598-018-38089-y. 30867437. 6416299.
  4. The procurement and use of knappable glassy volcanic rawmaterial from the late Pleistocene Pilauco site, ChileanNorthwestern Patagonia. Geoarchaeology. Navarro-Harris. Ximena. 2019-03-02. 34. 5. 592–612. Pino. Mario. 10.1002/gea.21736. Guzmán‐Marín. Pedro. Lira. María Paz. Labarca. Rafael. Corgne. Alexandre. Mario Pino Quivira.
  5. Web site: Identifican presencia humana en sitio de Pilauco Bajo . universia.cl . Universia . 21 September 2013 . 20 January 2017 . bot: unknown . https://web.archive.org/web/20130921141316/https://noticias.universia.cl/ciencia-nn-tt/noticia/2008/02/13/314022/identifican-presencia-humana-sitio-pilauco.html .

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