| Type: | commune |
| County: | Timiș |
| Population Total: | auto |
| Pietroasa | |
| Leader Name: | Virgiliu-Victor Ciocea[1] |
| Leader Term: | 2020 - 2024 |
| Leader Party: | PNL |
| Coordinates: | 45.8333°N 46°W |
| Area Total Km2: | 156.46 |
| Postal Code: | 307320–307323 |
Pietroasa (Hungarian: Kőfalu; German: Steindorf) is a commune in Timiș County, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Crivina de Sus, Fărășești, Pietroasa (commune seat) and Poieni.
Pietroasa is located at the foot of the Poiana Ruscă Mountains, on the Bega River. It is the easternmost commune of Timiș County, bordering Hunedoara County. The nearest town is Făget, 26km (16miles) away. It is also one of the largest communes of Timiș County, stretching over 156.46ha of land. Being located in an area of high hills and mountains, the forests occupy 129.06ha.
The first recorded mention of Pietroasa dates from 1514,[2] when it was owned by George of Brandenburg-Ansbach and had 15 serfs.[3] At that time, Pietroasa was part of Marzsina District, which belonged to Hunyad County. In 1597, Sigismund Báthory donated Petroza to Stephen Török, who in 1612 pawned it to Gabriel Bethlen. In 1620, Gabriel Bethlen donated it to Stephen Bethlen Jr. During this period, the locality belonged sometimes to Hunyad County, sometimes to Temes County. The locality appears in the conscription of 1717 under the name of Petrovaz, having 15 houses and being part of Facsád District.[4] After the Treaty of Passarowitz (1718), when Banat came under Habsburg rule, Pietroasa was part, at first, of Facsád District, being mentioned as Petrossa. In 1819 it was donated to Matthew Trattner's family, after which it became the property of the Cika family. In 1890 it received the status of commune seat.
Poieni is located 10km (10miles) from Pietroasa and is first mentioned in 1514–1516 under the name of Pleyen, when it was owned by George of Brandenburg-Ansbach and had seven serfs.
Crivina de sus, located 4km (02miles) from Pietroasa, is first mentioned in 1514–1516 and, along with Pietroasa and Poieni, was part of the properties of George of Brandenburg-Ansbach.
Fărășești is first mentioned in 1548 under the name of Forrásfalva, as the property of the nobleman John of Bozwar.
Pietroasa had a population of 1,120 inhabitants at the 2011 census, down 5% from the 2002 census. Most inhabitants are Romanians (97.59%). For 2.41% of the population, ethnicity is unknown.[5] By religion, most inhabitants are Orthodox (83.04%), with a minority of Pentecostals (14.55%). For 2.41% of the population, religious affiliation is unknown.[6]
| Census[7] | Ethnic composition | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Population | |||||
| 1880 | 1,817 | 1,737 | 30 | 39 | – | |
| 1890 | 2,032 | 2,008 | 3 | 17 | – | |
| 1900 | 2,138 | 2,033 | 49 | 34 | – | |
| 1910 | 2,208 | 2,083 | 65 | 16 | 35 | |
| 1920 | 1,919 | 1,905 | 12 | 1 | – | |
| 1930 | 1,942 | 1,920 | 8 | 11 | – | |
| 1941 | 1,760 | 1,752 | 1 | 6 | – | |
| 1956 | 1,578 | 1,577 | 1 | – | – | |
| 1966 | 1,691 | 1,664 | 20 | – | 2 | |
| 1977 | 1,412 | 1,411 | – | – | – | |
| 1992 | 1,166 | 1,162 | 1 | – | 1 | |
| 2002 | 1,174 | 1,173 | – | – | 1 | |
| 2011 | 1,120 | 1,093 | – | – | – | |
The main source of income for the inhabitants is agriculture, especially animal husbandry. The agricultural lands located on high hills are still worked with animals (horses and oxen), the vegetal production being small but ecological. The threshing of wheat in the villages of Pietroasa and Fărășești is still done with threshers built in the 19th century. In the villages of Crivina de Sus and Poieni, water mills are still used for grinding wheat and corn. The pastures, of low quality and used for raising animals, are extensive but infested with ferns.