Pierre Stagnara Explained

Pierre Stagnara (January 16, 1917 – July 1, 1995) was a French spinal surgeon. He has been described as a "pioneer" in the study of spinal deformities,[1] [2] "one of the greatest figures of French spinal surgery."[3] Stagnara was born in January 16, 1917 in Loriol-sur-Drôme, France.[4] [5] He studied medicine in the city of Lyon. During World War II he was drafted into the French army. After the war, he worked in a variety of hospitals throughout Lyon. In 1959 he became the Chief of the Centre des Massues and served in this position until his retirement in 1982. Whilst working at the institution he pioneered many orthopedic techniques. Including the non-surgical management of scoliosis.

Stagnara created the Lyon brace,[6] also known as the Stagnara brace in 1947.[7] [8] [9] It was initially made from leather and steel, although it was modified in 1985 to be constructed from joints and a faceplate made of steel, radio-transparent duralumin bars, and poly(methyl methacrylate) shells.[10] [11] [12] Stagnara is also responsible for the creation of the Lyon method of surgical treatment.[13] [14] [15]

He invented the Stagnara wake-up test.[16] [17] It was used to identify potential spinal cord complications resulting from spinal surgery.[18] The test involved waking up a patient who had been placed under anesthesia following the completion of the main part of the surgery to monitor their foot movement. This was designed to determine if their spinal cord had remained completely functional.[19] Following the completion of the test, the patient will be placed under anesthesia once more. This technique was used from the 1970s-1990s before the development of spinal cord monitoring. During this period, it was the only reliable way of determining spinal cord functioning during a spinal surgery. However, it was only able to be used once during surgery, it took a significant amount of time to accomplish the procedure,[20] and it could result in severe side effects such as accidental extubation. Techniques such as somatosensory evoked potential or motor evoked potential have largely replaced the Stagnara wake-up test.[21] It may be used in certain cases if other monitoring methods are not effective in these scenarios.[22] The test may also be used along with other monitoring techniques.[23]

Stagnara utilized the halo device, invented in the 1960s by doctors at Riancho Los Amigos Hospital, to develop Halo-gravity traction in 1971.[24] [25] [26] This method of treating severe spinal deformities has since become one of the most popular treatments for spinal issues. In 1982 he helped found the European Spinal Deformity Society. Stagnara served as the president of the society in the same year.[27] In 1985 he authored a book on spinal deformities entitled Les Déformations du rachis: scolioses, cyphoses, lordoses.[28]

Stagnara married a woman named Denise Locard in 1942.[29] [30] He had 10 children with her and had 31 grandchildren over the course of his life. Together, they founded the Sésame group in 1966.[31] This group was devoted to promoting sex education throughout France.[32] [33] Stagnara retired in 1982. During his retirement, he cultivated vineyards and coauthored a book with his wife entitled Faithful Love - Utopia or Reality? He died on July 1, 1995.[34]

Notes and References

  1. Dreischarf . Marcel . The loading, shape and motion of the lumbar spine . 2017 . en . 13.
  2. Negrini . Stefano . Grivas . Theodoros B. . Kotwicki . Tomasz . Maruyama . Toru . Rigo . Manuel . Weiss . Hans Rudolf . the members of the Scientific society On Scoliosis Orthopaedic and Rehabilitation Treatment (SOSORT) . 2006-04-10 . Why do we treat adolescent idiopathic scoliosis? What we want to obtain and to avoid for our patients. SOSORT 2005 Consensus paper . . 1 . 1 . 4 . 10.1186/1748-7161-1-4 . 1748-7161 . 1475888 . 16759352 . free.
  3. DuBousset . Jean . 1996-09-15 . A Tribute to Pierre Stagnara (1917–1995) . Spine . en-US . 21 . 18 . 2176 . 10.1097/00007632-199609150-00023 . 0362-2436.
  4. Web site: Pierre Stagnara (1917-1995) . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20221009212914/https://data.bnf.fr/11925401/pierre_stagnara/ . October 9, 2022 . 2023-11-17 . data.bnf.fr . en.
  5. Web site: Family tree of Pierre Louis Alexandre * STAGNARA . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20231117191117/https://gw.geneanet.org/leclercj?lang=en&n=stagnara&oc=0&p=pierre+louis+alexandre . November 17, 2023 . 2023-11-17 . Geneanet . en.
  6. Karimi . Mohammad Taghi . Rabczuk . Timon . 2018 . Scoliosis conservative treatment: A review of literature . Journal of Craniovertebral Junction & Spine . 9 . 1 . 3–8 . 10.4103/jcvjs.JCVJS_39_17 . 0974-8237 . 5934961 . 29755230 . free.
  7. Bettany- Saltikov, Josette & Cook, Tim & Rigo, Manuel & Mauroy, Jc & Romano, Michele & Negrini, Stefano & Durmala, Jacek & del Campo, Ana & Colliard, Christine & M'hango, Andrejz & Białek, Marianna. (2012). Physical Therapy for Adolescents with Idiopathic Scoliosis. 10.5772/33296.
  8. Berdishevsky . Hagit . Lebel . Victoria Ashley . Bettany-Saltikov . Josette . Rigo . Manuel . Lebel . Andrea . Hennes . Axel . Romano . Michele . Białek . Marianna . M'hango . Andrzej . Betts . Tony . de Mauroy . Jean Claude . Durmala . Jacek . 2016-08-04 . Physiotherapy scoliosis-specific exercises – a comprehensive review of seven major schools . . 11 . 1 . 20 . 10.1186/s13013-016-0076-9 . 2397-1789 . 4973373 . 27525315 . free.
  9. de Mauroy . Jean Claude . Journe . Alexandre . Gagaliano . Fabio . Lecante . Cyril . Barral . Frederic . Pourret . Sophie . 2015-08-19 . The new Lyon ARTbrace versus the historical Lyon brace: a prospective case series of 148 consecutive scoliosis with short time results after 1 year compared with a historical retrospective case series of 100 consecutive scoliosis; SOSORT award 2015 winner . . 10 . 1 . 26 . 10.1186/s13013-015-0047-6 . 1748-7161 . 4545553 . 26300954 . free.
  10. Fung . Ho Yi . Ergonomic brace wear for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) . 2020 . . English . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20210812090446/https://theses.lib.polyu.edu.hk/bitstream/200/10411/1/991022378658503411.pdf . August 12, 2021.
  11. Grivas . Theodoros . Overview on braces used more in Europe . SOSORT 2014 4th Educational Courses . Scientific Society on Scoliosis Orthopaedic and Rehabilitation Treatment (SOSORT) . 45 . academia.edu.
  12. Book: Grivas, Theodoros . Human Musculoskeletal Biomechanics . 2012 . https://www.researchgate.net/publication/221921732 . European Braces for Conservative Scoliosis Treatment . 10.5772/19509. 978-953-307-638-6 .
  13. Bernard . Jean-Claude . Lecante . Cyril . Deceuninck . Julie . Notin . Gregory . Journoud . Lydie . Barral . Frederic . 2013-02-14 . The carbon brace . . 8 . 1 . 3 . 10.1186/1748-7161-8-3 . 1748-7161 . 3599608 . 23409701 . free.
  14. de Mauroy . Jean Claude . Lecante . Cyril . Barral . Frédéric . 2011-03-20 . "Brace Technology" Thematic Series - The Lyon approach to the conservative treatment of scoliosis . Scoliosis . 6 . 1 . 4 . 10.1186/1748-7161-6-4 . 1748-7161 . 3069938 . 21418597 . free.
  15. de Mauroy . Jean Claude . Vallèse . Pierre . Fender . Paule . Lecante . Cyril . 2010-09-10 . Historical Lyonaise brace treatment for adolescent hyperkyphosis. Results of 272 cases reviewed 2 years minimum after removal of the brace . . 5 . 1 . O69 . 10.1186/1748-7161-5-S1-O69 . 1748-7161 . 2938703 . free.
  16. Ali . Zulfiqar . 2019 . Intraoperative neurophysiologic monitoring and anaesthetic implications . Indian Journal of Anaesthesia . 63 . 2 . 81–83 . 10.4103/ija.IJA_64_19 . 0019-5049 . 6383466 . 30814743 . free.
  17. Web site: Scoliosis Research Society - SRS . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20231117000256/https://apps.srs.org/historical-timeline/1970 . November 17, 2023 . 2023-11-17 . apps.srs.org.
  18. Vauzelle . C. . Stagnara . P. . Jouvinroux . P. . 1973 . Functional Monitoring of Spinal Cord Activity During Spinal Surgery . Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research . en-US . 93 . 93 . 173–178 . 10.1097/00003086-197306000-00017 . 0009-921X . 4146655.
  19. Hasler . Carol C. . 2013 . A brief overview of 100 years of history of surgical treatment for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis . Journal of Children's Orthopaedics . en . 7 . 1 . 57–62 . 10.1007/s11832-012-0466-3 . 1863-2521 . 3566253 . 24432060.
  20. Drummond . Denis . Four Decades of Advancement for the Surgical Treatment of Spinal Deformity . live . University of Pennsylvania Orthopaedic Journal . . 19 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231117165854/https://www.upoj.org/wp-content/uploads/v19/v19_16.pdf . November 17, 2023.
  21. Hasan . M Shahnaz . Tan . Jin-Keat . Chan . Chris Yin Wei . Kwan . Mun Keong . Karim . Fathil Syafiq Abdul . Goh . Khean-Jin . 2018-09-01 . Comparison between effect of desflurane/remifentanil and propofol/remifentanil anesthesia on somatosensory evoked potential monitoring during scoliosis surgery—A randomized controlled trial . Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery . en . 26 . 3 . 230949901878952 . 10.1177/2309499018789529 . 2309-4990 . 30058437 . free.
  22. Thuet . Earl D. . Padberg . Anne M. . Raynor . Barry L. . Bridwell . Keith H. . Riew . K. Daniel . Taylor . Brett A. . Lenke . Lawrence G. . 2005-09-15 . Increased Risk of Postoperative Neurologic Deficit for Spinal Surgery Patients With Unobtainable Intraoperative Evoked Potential Data . Spine . en-US . 30 . 18 . 2094–2103 . 10.1097/01.brs.0000178845.61747.6a . 0362-2436 . 16166902 . 20292451.
  23. Grottke, Oliver & Dietrich, Peter & Wiegels, Stefanie & Wappler, Frank. (2004). Intraoperative Wake-Up Test and Postoperative Emergence in Patients Undergoing Spinal Surgery: A Comparison of Intravenous and Inhaled Anesthetic Techniques Using Short-Acting Anesthetics. Anesthesia and analgesia. 99. 1521-7; table of contents. 10.1213/01.ANE.0000134684.25322.26.
  24. Esposito, Teresa & Varriale, Bruno & DiMartino, G.F. & Chierchia, M. & Carnevale, A. & Ronca, D.. (2012). Scoliosis: Causes, genetics, symptoms, and treatment in a southern Italy population. Scoliosis: Causes, Symptoms and Treatment. 1-47.
  25. Stagnara P. Traction crânienne par le "Halo" de Rancho Los Amigos [Cranial traction using the "Halo" of Rancho Los Amigos]. Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot. 1971 Jun;57(4):287-300. French. PMID 4256619.
  26. Li . Gabriel . Compson . Keith . Stone . Joseph . Sanders . James . Louer . Craig . 2021-02-01 . Pathway for Implementation of Halo-Gravity Traction for the Treatment of Severe Spinal Deformities at a New Institution . Journal of the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America . en . 3 . 1 . 10.55275/JPOSNA-2021-227 . 2768-2765 . 252373572 . free.
  27. Kandziora . Frank . Teli . Marco . Meier . Jürgen . Noel . Julie-Lyn . 2023-08-02 . 25 years of EUROSPINE . Brain & Spine . 3 . 101790 . 10.1016/j.bas.2023.101790 . 2772-5294 . 10458953 . 37635915.
  28. Web site: Les Déformations du rachis : scolioses, cyphoses, lordoses / P. Stagnara . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20231117002623/https://ulysse.univ-lorraine.fr/discovery/fulldisplay?vid=33UDL_INST:UDL&search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&tab=Everything&docid=alma991000232499705596&lang=fr&context=L&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&query=sub,exact,Rachis%20--%20imagerie%20diagnostique,AND&mode=advanced . November 17, 2023 . 2023-11-17 . ulysse.univ-lorraine.fr . en.
  29. Web site: Denise Stagnara (1917-2016) . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20210510142652/https://data.bnf.fr/11925400/denise_stagnara/ . May 10, 2021 . 2023-11-17 . data.bnf.fr . en.
  30. Book: Carol . Anne . Edmond Locard et la police scientifique . Chauvaud . Frédéric . December 11, 2020 . Centre Alexandre Koyré . fr . https://web.archive.org/web/20231117185841/https://recherches.archives-lyon.fr/media/8c7b29dc-b3d6-4277-b203-3c3060c0a166.pdf . November 17, 2023 . live.
  31. Web site: La-Croix.com . 2016-03-01 . Denise Stagnara, pionnière de l'éducation sexuelle, est décédée . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20231117193842/https://doc-catho.la-croix.com/Urbi-et-Orbi/Actualite/Carnet/Denise-Stagnara-pionniere-education-sexuelle-decedee-2016-03-01-1200743518 . November 17, 2023 . 2023-11-17 . Documentation catholique - La Croix . fr.
  32. Web site: Miot . Fx . 2023-07-07 . Qui sommes-nous . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230528000223/https://www.sesame-educ.org/association/qui-sommes-nous.html . May 28, 2023 . 2023-11-17 . Association Sésame . fr-fr.
  33. Web site: Odenas - nécrologie. Denise Stagnara, fille d'Edmond Locard, s'est éteinte . Odenas - obituary. Denise Stagnara, daughter of Edmond Locard, has passed away . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20221003165949/https://www.leprogres.fr/beaujolais/2016/02/29/denise-stagnara-fille-d-edmond-locard-s-est-eteinte . October 3, 2022 . 2023-11-17 . . FR-fr.
  34. Web site: Stagnara, Pierre (1917 - 1995) . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20231116235458/https://livesonline.rcseng.ac.uk/client/en_GB/lives/search/detailnonmodal/ent:$002f$002fSD_ASSET$002f0$002fSD_ASSET:380521/one?qu=%22rcs%3A+E008338%22&rt=false%7C%7C%7CIDENTIFIER%7C%7C%7CResource+Identifier . November 16, 2023 . 2023-11-16 . livesonline.rcseng.ac.uk.

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