Pierre De Meyts Explained

Pierre De Meyts
Nationality:Belgian
Birth Place:Verviers, Belgium
Education:University of Liège
Awards:Christophe Plantin Prize, Belgium
Fields:Hormone-receptor interaction of peptide hormones, physiopathogenesis of diabetes
Known For:Diabetogenes
Workplaces:Hôpital de Bavière; Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Université catholique de Louvain; Beckman Research Institute, California; Hagedorn Research Institute, Copenhagen; University of Copenhagen

Pierre De Meyts (born 1944) is a Belgian physician and biochemist known for his research on fine chemical and kinetic aspects of ligand-receptor interaction, subunit assembly, and specific metabolic (as well as mitogenic) effects of hormones typically causing receptor tyrosine kinase activation such as insulin and insulin-like growth factors (IGFs). He has also studied receptor signalling for other peptide hormones such as growth hormone and relaxin, and key pathophysiological aspects of diabetes mellitus. De Meyts held professorial posts for over three decades at several European and United States institutions and currently is an emeritus professor in the Science Faculty at the Université catholique de Louvain.[1] [2] While living in Denmark (1990-2010) he occupied executive research positions at Novo Nordisk.[3] De Meyts (a.k.a. Chuck) is also known as a science cartoonist.[4] [5]

Biography

De Meyts was born in Verviers (Belgium) in 1944.[6] He attended high school at the Athénée Royal de Verviers, where he read "Humanités Anciennes" (Latin-Mathématiques). In 1969 De Meyts received his MD with honors ("Grande Distinction") from the University of Liège Medical School, and during the subsequent three years he specialized in internal medicine at the Hôpital de Bavière. Soon after he spent three years at NIH as a visiting scientist. During this NIH period De Meyts became a prominent member of the research group led by Jesse Roth, studying insulin receptors, and authoring a dozen original papers in duly indexed journals.[7] [8] In 1976, after NIH, he returned to Belgium where he occupied academic positions at universities including the Vrije Universiteit Brussel and the International Institute of Cellular and Molecular Pathology (now called "de Duve Institute", Université catholique de Louvain). De Meyts then moved to California (1984-1990), where he joined the Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, (Duarte) and also taught at the University of Southern California for a short period. Immediately after, De Meyts was recruited by Novo Nordisk where he successively became the director of research of the Hagedorn Research Institute (1990-2000), scientific director of its Receptor Systems Biology Laboratory (2000-2010), and corporate vice-president of the company. During this period in Denmark until 2011 De Meyts simultaneously held academic posts as adjunct professor of experimental endocrinology (2000-2005) and guest lecturer (2007-2011) at the University of Copenhagen Faculty of Health Sciences. Since then De Meyts returned to his home country and founded his own consulting company in Kraainem, where he remains professionally active.[9]

Research

De Meyts began his research career while a medical student at the University of Liège, collaborating with mentors such as Jean Lecomte and Annie Cession-Fossion in studies of the vascular actions of sympathomimetics.[10] [11] During a three-year visit to NIH starting in 1973, De Meyts got involved in what -by far- would become his major research fields: hormone-receptor interaction of peptide hormones and the study of the physiopathogenesis of diabetes. In the latter field his article with Steven G. Gray was the first to propose the possible etiological role of epigenetic factors in diabetes.[12] Also, De Meyts's articles first coined the term diabetogenes (1993), a new concept which has gained significant acceptance among independent peers in many countries (France,[13] US,[14] [15] [16] [17] Japan[18] and Denmark).[19] [20] Below is a list of De Meyts's most notable research topics and achievements:

Papers

De Meyt's most recent papers as a main author include:

Career

Editorial activity

De Meyts is chief specialty editor of Frontiers in Molecular and Structural Endocrinology,[45] associate editor of Frontiers in Systems Biology,[46] and member of the editorial board of the Journal of Biological Chemistry.[47]

Awards

Cartoonist

De Meyts's often iconoclastic cartoons first attained notoriety among francophone readers during the student upheavals occurring in 1968–69.[48] Many of his cartoons and posters from this period are archived and can be consulted at the Institut d’histoire ouvrière, économique et sociale in Seraing.[49] [50] [51] Once a scientist, he began drawing satirical science-cartoons. Many of these have been published in mainstream journals such as Nature, Trends in Biochemical Sciences, and Trends in Pharmacological Sciences.

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Pierre De Meyts. frontiersin.org. September 17, 2014.
  2. Web site: Speaker Biographies. ectsoc.org. September 17, 2014. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20101005033951/http://www.ectsoc.org/prague2006/prog/biogs.htm#demeyts. October 5, 2010.
  3. Web site: Pierre de Meyts. excellence-in-diabetes.eu. September 17, 2014.
  4. Web site: Featured Cartoons by Pierre De Meyts. sarahgreene.net. September 17, 2014. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20141006180308/http://www.sarahgreene.net/previous/hmsbeagle/html/content/01/recroom/cart1.htm. October 6, 2014.
  5. A Scientist and a Cartoonist: how Chuck came to be. 10.1080/152165405000943134. 57. 4–5. IUBMB Life. 251–252. 2005. De Meyts. Pierre. 221830282. free.
  6. Web site: 1944, the liberation of Brussels. brussels.be. September 17, 2014. dead. https://archive.today/20150307201819/http://www.brussels.be/artdet.cfm/5562. March 7, 2015.
  7. Web site: C U R R I C U L U M V I T A E, PDM. demeytsconsulting.com. September 22, 2014. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20141006082901/http://www.demeytsconsulting.com/PDMCV2012.pdf. October 6, 2014.
  8. Web site: JESSE ROTH, MD, FACP. 2.kenes.com. September 22, 2014.
  9. Web site: De Meyts R&D Consulting SPRLU. demeytsconsulting.com. September 22, 2014.
  10. De Meyts. P. Lecomte. J. [Pseudo-ephedrine as sympathomimetic amine with indirect action in the rat].. Comptes Rendus des Séances de la Société de Biologie et de Ses Filiales. Jul 20, 1967. 161. 2. 487–8. 4229166.
  11. De Meyts. P. Cession-Fossion. A. [Ephedrine as a sympathicomimetic amine with indirect action in the rat].. Comptes Rendus des Séances de la Société de Biologie et de Ses Filiales. 1966. 160. 11. 2224–7. 4228170.
  12. Gray. SG. De Meyts. P. Role of histone and transcription factor acetylation in diabetes pathogenesis.. Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews. September–October 2005. 21. 5. 416–33. 15906405. 10.1002/dmrr.559. 35952558.
  13. Baudry. A. Leroux. L. Jackerott. M. Joshi. RL. Genetic manipulation of insulin signaling, action and secretion in mice. Insights into glucose homeostasis and pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes.. EMBO Reports. Apr 2002. 3. 4. 323–8. 11943762. 10.1093/embo-reports/kvf078. 1084066.
  14. Redondo. MJ. Fain. PR. Eisenbarth. GS. Genetics of type 1A diabetes.. Recent Progress in Hormone Research. 2001. 56. 69–89. 11237226. 10.1210/rp.56.1.69. free.
  15. Sacks. DB. McDonald. JM. The pathogenesis of type II diabetes mellitus. A polygenic disease.. American Journal of Clinical Pathology. Feb 1996. 105. 2. 149–56. 8607437. 10.1093/ajcp/105.2.149. free.
  16. Kahn. CR. Vicent. D. Doria. A. Genetics of non-insulin-dependent (type-II) diabetes mellitus.. Annual Review of Medicine. 1996. 47. 509–31. 8712800. 10.1146/annurev.med.47.1.509.
  17. Kahn. CR. Banting Lecture. Insulin action, diabetogenes, and the cause of type II diabetes.. Diabetes. Aug 1994. 43. 8. 1066–84. 10.2337/diab.43.8.1066 . 8039601. 2536019.
  18. Murakami. T. Shima. K. [Diabetogenes; which cause type II diabetes mellitus].. Rinsho Byori. Aug 1995. 43. 8. 781–5. 7474436.
  19. Hansen. L. Candidate genes and late-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus. Susceptibility genes or common polymorphisms?. Danish Medical Bulletin. November 2003. 50. 4. 320–46. 14694850.
  20. Pubmed search: (diabetogenes[Title/Abstract]) NOT De Meyts[Author]. Diabetes. 43. 8. 1066–84. 8039601. 1994. Kahn. C. R.. 10.2337/diab.43.8.1066. 2536019.
  21. Smal. J. Closset. J. Hennen. G. de Meyts. P. Receptor-binding and down-regulatory properties of 22000-Mr human growth hormone and its natural 20000-Mr variant on IM-9 human lymphocytes.. The Biochemical Journal. Jan 15, 1985. 225. 2. 283–9. 2983666. 10.1042/bj2250283. 1144588.
  22. Ilondo. MM. Damholt. AB. Cunningham. BA. Wells. JA. De Meyts. P. Shymko. RM. Receptor dimerization determines the effects of growth hormone in primary rat adipocytes and cultured human IM-9 lymphocytes.. Endocrinology. Jun 1994. 134. 6. 2397–403. 8194466. 10.1210/endo.134.6.8194466.
  23. Wabitsch. M. Heinze. E. Hauner. H. Shymko. RM. Teller. WM. De Meyts. P. Ilondo. MM. Biological effects of human growth hormone in rat adipocyte precursor cells and newly differentiated adipocytes in primary culture.. Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental. Jan 1996. 45. 1. 34–42. 8544774. 10.1016/s0026-0495(96)90197-3.
  24. Wabitsch. M. Braun. S. Hauner. H. Heinze. E. Ilondo. MM. Shymko. R. De Meyts. P. Teller. WM. Mitogenic and antiadipogenic properties of human growth hormone in differentiating human adipocyte precursor cells in primary culture.. Pediatric Research. September 1996. 40. 3. 450–6. 8865283. 10.1203/00006450-199609000-00014. free.
  25. de Meyts. P. Roth. J. Neville DM. Jr. Gavin JR. 3rd. Lesniak. MA. Insulin interactions with its receptors: experimental evidence for negative cooperativity.. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. Nov 1, 1973. 55. 1. 154–61. 4361269. 10.1016/s0006-291x(73)80072-5.
  26. De Meyts. P. Cooperative properties of hormone receptors in cell membranes.. Journal of Supramolecular Structure. 1976. 4. 2. 241–58. 177816. 10.1002/jss.400040211.
  27. DeMeyts. P. Bainco. AR. Roth. J. Site-site interactions among insulin receptors. Characterization of the negative cooperativity.. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. Apr 10, 1976. 251. 7. 1877–88. 10.1016/S0021-9258(17)33630-X. 5434. free.
  28. De Meyts. P. The insulin receptor: a prototype for dimeric, allosteric membrane receptors?. Trends in Biochemical Sciences. Aug 2008. 33. 8. 376–84. 18640841. 10.1016/j.tibs.2008.06.003.
  29. De Meyts. P. Gauguin. L. Svendsen. AM. Sarhan. M. Knudsen. L. Nøhr. J. Kiselyov. VV. Structural basis of allosteric ligand-receptor interactions in the insulin/relaxin peptide family: implications for other receptor tyrosine kinases and G-protein-coupled receptors.. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. Apr 2009. 1160. 45–53. 19416158. 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.03837.x. 12579339. free.
  30. De Meyts. P. The structural basis of insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I receptor binding and negative co-operativity, and its relevance to mitogenic versus metabolic signalling.. Diabetologia. September 1994. 37. Suppl 2. S135–48. 7821729. 10.1007/bf00400837. free.
  31. Gauguin. L. Klaproth. B. Sajid. W. Andersen. AS. McNeil. KA. Forbes. BE. De Meyts. P. Structural basis for the lower affinity of the insulin-like growth factors for the insulin receptor.. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. Feb 1, 2008. 283. 5. 2604–13. 18048361. 10.1074/jbc.m709220200. free.
  32. Gauguin. L. Delaine. C. Alvino. CL. McNeil. KA. Wallace. JC. Forbes. BE. De Meyts. P. Alanine scanning of a putative receptor binding surface of insulin-like growth factor-I.. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. Jul 25, 2008. 283. 30. 20821–9. 18502759. 10.1074/jbc.m802620200. 3258947. free.
  33. Shymko. RM. De Meyts. P. Thomas. R. Logical analysis of timing-dependent receptor signalling specificity: application to the insulin receptor metabolic and mitogenic signalling pathways.. The Biochemical Journal. September 1, 1997. 326. 463–9. 9291119. 2. 10.1042/bj3260463. 1218692.
  34. Svendsen. AM. Winge. SB. Zimmermann. M. Lindvig. AB. Warzecha. CB. Sajid. W. Horne. MC. De Meyts. P. Down-regulation of cyclin G2 by insulin, IGF-I (insulin-like growth factor 1) and X10 (AspB10 insulin): role in mitogenesis.. The Biochemical Journal. Jan 1, 2014. 457. 1. 69–77. 24059861. 10.1042/bj20130490.
  35. Kiselyov. VV. Versteyhe. S. Gauguin. L. De Meyts. P. Harmonic oscillator model of the insulin and IGF1 receptors' allosteric binding and activation.. Molecular Systems Biology. 2009. 5. 243. 19225456. 10.1038/msb.2008.78. 2657531.
  36. Web site: Vladislav V Kiselyov. researchgate.net. September 26, 2014.
  37. Book: De Meyts. P. New Concepts in the Pathogenesis of NIDDM. The Diabetogenes Concept of NIDDM. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. 1993. 334. 89–100. 8249698. 10.1007/978-1-4615-2910-1_7. 978-1-4613-6262-3.
  38. Lamothe. B. Baudry. A. Desbois. P. Lamotte. L. Bucchini. D. De Meyts. P. Joshi. RL. Genetic engineering in mice: impact on insulin signalling and action.. The Biochemical Journal. October 15, 1998. 335. 193–204. 9761714. 2. 10.1042/bj3350193. 1219769.
  39. De Meyts. P. Whittaker. J. Structural biology of insulin and IGF1 receptors: implications for drug design.. Nature Reviews. Drug Discovery. October 2002. 1. 10. 769–83. 12360255. 10.1038/nrd917. 31103926.
  40. De Meyts. Pierre. 2015. Insulin/receptor binding: the last piece of the puzzle? What recent progress on the structure of the insulin/receptor complex tells us (or not) about negative cooperativity and activation. News and Reviews in Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology. 37. 4. 389–397. 10.1002/bies.201400190. 1521-1878. 25630923.
  41. De Meyts. Pierre. 2016-10-05. Structural basis for the poisonous activity of a predator's venom insulin. Nature Structural & Molecular Biology. 23. 10. 872–874. 10.1038/nsmb.3304. 1545-9985. 27706132. 195675703 .
  42. Rostène. William. De Meyts. Pierre. 2021-09-28. Insulin: A 100-Year-Old Discovery With a Fascinating History. Endocrine Reviews. 42. 5. 503–527. 10.1210/endrev/bnab020. 1945-7189. 34273145. 236034586 . free.
  43. Web site: PDM biographical sketch. 3.niddk.nih.gov. October 2, 2014.
  44. Web site: Home - Scanbalt.
  45. Web site: Editorial Board. frontiersin.org. September 29, 2014.
  46. Web site: Editorial Board. frontiersin.org. September 29, 2014.
  47. Web site: search. apps.asbmb.org. September 29, 2014.
  48. Web site: Venez soutenir les leaders étudiants. ulg.ac.be. September 23, 2014.
  49. Web site: Institut d'histoire ouvrière, économique et sociale. ihoes.be. September 29, 2014.
  50. Web site: IHOES Aperçu général des fonds et collections 2013. ihoes.be. September 29, 2014. H24. Fonds Pierre De Meyst (alias Chuck).
  51. Web site: Archives : fonds. pallas.be. September 29, 2014.

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