37.7598°N -122.3836°WPier 70 in San Francisco, California, is a historic pier in San Francisco's Potrero Point neighborhood, home to the Union Iron Works and later to Bethlehem Shipbuilding. It was one of the largest industrial sites in San Francisco during the two World Wars. Today, it is regarded as the best-preserved 19th century industrial complex west of the Mississippi.[1]
The pier is 65acres in size.
The area around Pier 70 has been used for shipbuilding since the Gold Rush.[2] Since becoming home to the Union Iron Works in 1883, Pier 70 has been occupied by a variety of industrial concerns, including the Pacific Rolling Mills, Risdon Iron & Locomotive, Kneass Boat Works, Union Iron Works, Bethlehem Shipbuilding, and BAE Systems.[3]
After Bethlehem acquired Union Iron Works in 1905, the pier also housed Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation's administrative offices in Building 101.[4]
Bethlehem Steel sold their holdings in the area to the Port of SF in 1980.
In the 1990s, the Eureka Dry Dock, former USS Steadfast (AFDM-14), was acquired by the BAE Systems and are now still in use at the Pier.[5]
Pier 70, situated on San Francisco's eastern waterfront, has played a pivotal role in the city's industrial evolution since its establishment in the mid-19th century. Originally developed during the Gold Rush era to support San Francisco's burgeoning population and economy, Pier 70 initially served as a vital hub for shipbuilding activities. The Union Iron Works, founded in 1884 on the site that would become Pier 70, emerged as a leading industrial employer in the region .[6]
Pier 70's significance soared during the World Wars, particularly World War II, when it was acquired by Bethlehem Steel Corporation. This acquisition transformed Pier 70 into one of the West Coast's largest shipyards, contributing significantly to the nation's naval capabilities by producing numerous ships, including the renowned Liberty ships crucial to the Allied war effort .[7]
Following World War II, Pier 70 experienced a decline in shipbuilding activity, mirroring broader shifts in the industrial landscape. By the 1970s, the area faced neglect and decay as heavy industrial operations dwindled. However, efforts to preserve Pier 70's historical significance gained traction, leading to collaborative initiatives between the Port of San Francisco and private developers to revitalize the site.[8]
As of Jan 3, 2017, the facility is operated by Puglia Engineering, Inc, who operate 2 other ship repair facilities in Washington State. Puglia Engineering purchased the facility from BAE Systems Ship Repair in January, 2017.[9] The two dry docks were formerly operated by BAE Systems San Francisco Ship Repair, employing approximately 200 people.[10]
Most of the pier's buildings have been unoccupied since the decline of shipbuilding in the area.[11] However, some of the pier's historic buildings are still used, one is used for artist studios.[12]
In 2015, the Port of San Francisco started planning to redevelop the pier for mixed commercial and residential use in partnership with Orton Development, Inc. and Forest City Development. The redevelopment was expected to include roughly a thousand housing units and two million square feet of office space.[13] In 2013, plans included a "Crane Cove Park" that would feature the historic cranes in the northern part of the pier complex.[14]
A $120 million restoration and rehabilitation effort for the eight buildings in the pier's historic core began in 2015 and is expected to complete in 2017.
Several of the buildings are used as a large-scale event venue operated by Pier 70 Partners.[15]
In recent years, Pier 70 has undergone extensive redevelopment efforts aimed at revitalizing the area while preserving its historical significance. The Port of San Francisco, in collaboration with private developers, has initiated a comprehensive plan to transform Pier 70 into a mixed-use district.
The redevelopment plan includes:
Looking forward, the vision for Pier 70 includes the establishment of cultural and artistic spaces, economic stimulation through job creation and business attraction, and ongoing community engagement to ensure the project aligns with local interests and needs.[20] [21] [22]
Potrero Point is eligible for the National Register as a historic district for its contribution to three war efforts (Spanish–American War, World War I & World War II) and because of the 19th-century buildings that remain. Some of the buildings are individually eligible for landmarking for their architectural and historic merit. Worthy of historical landmark status is the 1917 Frederick Meyer Renaissance Revival Bethlehem office building, the Charles P. Weeks designed 1912 Power House#1, the 1896 Union Iron Works office designed by Percy & Hamilton, and the huge 1885 Machine shops.