Picornavirus internal ribosome entry site (IRES) explained

Picornavirus internal ribosome entry site (IRES)
Symbol:	IRES_Picorna
Rfam:	RF00229
Rna Type:	Cis-reg IRES
Tax Domain:	Viruses

This family represents the Picornavirus internal ribosome entry site (IRES) element present in their 5' untranslated region.^[1] These elements were discovered in picornaviruses.^[2] They are cis-acting RNA sequences that adopt diverse three-dimensional structures, recruit the translation machinery and that often operate in association with specific RNA-binding proteins. IRES elements allow cap and end-independent translation of mRNA in the host cell. It has been found that La autoantigen (La) is required for Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) IRES-mediated translation, and it has been suggested that La may be required for the efficient translation of the viral RNA in the pancreas.^[3] ^[4] Based on their secondary structure, picornavirus IRES are grouped into four main types. Type I comprises enteroand rhinovirus IRES and type II, those of cardio- and aphthovirus, among others. Type III is used to name hepatitis A IRES.

External links

http://rfam.xfam.org/family/RF00229 Picornavirus internal ribosome entry site (IRES)

Notes and References

Fernández-Miragall. Olga. Quinto. Sonia López de. Martínez-Salas. Encarnación. February 2009. Relevance of RNA structure for the activity of picornavirus IRES elements. Virus Research. en. 139. 2. 172–182. 10.1016/j.virusres.2008.07.009. 18692097.
Martínez-Salas. Encarnación. Francisco-Velilla. Rosario. Fernandez-Chamorro. Javier. Lozano. Gloria. Diaz-Toledano. Rosa. August 2015. Picornavirus IRES elements: RNA structure and host protein interactions. Virus Research. en. 206. 62–73. 10.1016/j.virusres.2015.01.012. 25617758. 10261/140186. free.
Ray PS, Das S . La autoantigen is required for the internal ribosome entry site-mediated translation of Coxsackievirus B3 RNA . Nucleic Acids Research . 30 . 20 . 4500–4508 . October 2002 . 12384597 . 137146 . 10.1093/nar/gkf583 .
Liu Z, Carthy CM, Cheung P, Bohunek L, Wilson JE, McManus BM, Yang D . Structural and functional analysis of the 5' untranslated region of coxsackievirus B3 RNA: In vivo translational and infectivity studies of full-length mutants . Virology . 265 . 2 . 206–217 . December 1999 . 10600593 . 10.1006/viro.1999.0048 . free .