Phyllosticta Explained

Phyllosticta is a genus of fungi. Many of the species in this genus are common and important plant pathogens. They typically infect the foliage and cause tannish-gray leaf spots with dark brown to purple borders. However, Phyllosticta may also infect fruit and stems. Yield loss is a common consequence of Phyllosticta infection.[1] Representatives of the genus are found worldwide and on a wide range of plant hosts.[2]

History

Phyllosticta was introduced by German mycologist Persoon in 1818 and species Phyllosticta convallariae was designated as the type species (Donk 1968).[3] Since Phyllosticta is distinct from other genera in that family, Seaver (1922) treated it in the family Phyllostictaceae of the order Phyllostictites.[4] Nevertheless, Phyllosticta was accommodated in the family Botryosphaeriaceae (in order Botryosphaeriales C.L. Schoch et al.) in several major studies (e.g. Crous et al. 2006;[5] Schoch et al. 2006;[6] Liu et al. 2012).[7] However, the phylogenetic analyses by Wikee et al. (2013a) allocated Phyllosticta in a clade sister to Botryosphaeriaceae.[8] As a result, the genus was accepted in the family Phyllostictaceae, in the order Botryosphaeriales.[2]

A total of 3,213 names are documented for Phyllosticta in the Index Fungorum (accessed on 31 March 2022) (Hongsanan et al. 2020; Wijayawardene et al. 2020).[9] However, many of these names have been synonymised (van der Aa and Vanev 2002).[10] In 2022, 1499 species are accepted in the genus (Bánki et al. 2022).[11]

Species

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: University of Georgia Plant Pathology Phyllosticta . May 26, 2015.
  2. Zhang . Zhaoxue . Liu . Xiaoyong . Zhang . Xiuguo . Meng . Zhe . Morphological and phylogenetic analyses reveal two new species and a new record of Phyllosticta (Botryosphaeriales, Phyllostictaceae) from Hainan, China . MycoKeys . 2022 . 91 . 1–23 . 10.3897/mycokeys.91.84803 . free . 36760886 . 9849093 .
  3. Donk . M.A. . Report of the committee for fungi and lichen 1964–1968. . Taxon . 1968 . 17 . 5 . 578–581 . 10.2307/1216075. 1216075 .
  4. Seaver . F.J. . Phyllostictaceae. . North American Flora . 6 . 1922 . 3–84.
  5. Crous . P.W. . Slippers . B. . Wingfield . M.J. . Rheeder . J. . Marasas . W.F.O. . Philips . A.J.L. . Alves . A. . Burgess . T. . Barber . P. . Groenewald . J.Z. . Phylogenetic lineages in the Botryosphaeriaceae. . Studies in Mycology . 2006 . 55 . 235–253 . 10.3114/sim.55.1.235. free . 2104729 .
  6. Schoch . C.L. . Shoemaker . R.A. . Seifert . K.A. . Hambleton . S. . Spatafora . J.W. . Crous . P.W. . A multigene phylogeny of the Dothideomycetes using four nuclear loci. . Mycologia . 2006 . 98 . 6 . 1041–1052 . 10.1080/15572536.2006.11832632.
  7. Liu . J.K. . Phookamsak . R. . Doilom . M. . Wikee . S. . Li . Y.M. . Ariyawansha . H. . Boonmee . S. . Chomnunti . P. . Dai . D.Q. . Bhat . J.D. . Romero . A.I. . Zhuang . W.Y. . Monkai . J. . Jones . E.B.G. . Chukeatirote . E. . Zhao . Y.C. . Wang . Y. . Hyde . Kevin D. . Toward a natural classification of Botryosphaeriales. . Fungal Diversity . 2012 . 57 . 1 . 149–210 . 10.1007/s13225-012-0207-4. 11336/79989 . free .
  8. Wikee . S. . Udayanga . D. . Crous . P.W. . Chukeatirote . E. . McKenzie . E.H.C. . Bahkali . A.H. . Dai . D.Q. . Hyde . Kevin D. . Phyllosticta – an overview of current status of species recognition. . Fungal Diversity . 2011 . 51 . 1 . 43–61 . 10.1007/s13225-011-0146-5.
  9. 6 . Wijayawardene . Nalin . Hyde . Kevin . Laith Khalil Tawfeeq . Al-Ani . Somayeh . Dolatabadi . Stadler . Marc . Haelewaters . Danny . Tsurykau . Andrei . Mesic . Armin . Navathe . Sudhir . Papp . Viktor . Oliveira Fiuza . Patrícia . Vázquez . Víctor . Gautam . Ajay . Becerra . Alejandra G. . Ekanayaka . Anusha . K. C. . Rajeshkumar . Bezerra . Jadson . Matočec . Neven . Maharachchikumbura . Sajeewa . Suetrong . Satinee . 2020 . Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa . Mycosphere . 11 . 1060–1456 . 10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8 . free. 10481/61998 . free .
  10. Book: van der Aa . H.A. . Vanev . S. . A revision of the species described in Phyllosticta. . 2002 . Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures (CBS). . Utrecht, The Netherlands.
  11. Bánki . O. . Roskov . Y. . Döring . M. . Ower . G. . Vandepitte . L. . Hobern . D. . Remsen . D. . Schalk . P. . DeWalt . R.E. . Keping . M. . Miller . J. . Orrell . T. . Aalbu . R. . Adlard . R. . Adriaenssens . E.M. . Aedo . C. . Aescht . E. . Akkari . N. . Alfenas-Zerbini . P. . Catalogue of Life Checklist (Version 2022-03-21) . Catalogue of Life . 2022 . 10.48580/dfpd.

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