Phrurolithus Explained
Phrurolithus is a genus of araneomorph spiders first described by C. L. Koch in 1839.[1] First placed with the Liocranidae, it was moved to the Corinnidae in 2002,[2] then to the Phrurolithidae in 2014.[3]
Species
it contains fifty-seven species:[4]
- P. absurdus Gertsch, 1941 – USA
- P. adjacens Gertsch & Davis, 1940 – Mexico
- P. aemulatus Gertsch, 1941 – USA
- P. alatus Ivie & Barrows, 1935 – USA
- P. apacheus Gertsch, 1941 – USA
- P. apertus Gertsch, 1935 – USA
- P. approximatus Gertsch & Davis, 1940 – Mexico
- P. azarkinae Zamani & Marusik, 2020 – Turkey, Azerbaijan, Iran
- P. banksi Gertsch, 1941 – USA
- P. callidus Gertsch, 1935 – USA
- P. camawhitae Gertsch, 1935 – USA
- P. catalinius Gertsch, 1941 – USA
- P. claripes (Dönitz & Strand, 1906) – China, Russia (Sakhalin), Taiwan, Japan
- P. coahuilanus Gertsch & Davis, 1940 – Mexico
- P. concisus Gertsch, 1941 – USA
- P. connectus Gertsch, 1941 – USA
- P. corsicus (Simon, 1878) – Spain, France (Corsica), Italy (Sardinia) to Romania
- P. debilis Gertsch & Davis, 1940 – Mexico
- P. diversus Gertsch & Davis, 1940 – Mexico
- P. dolius Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935 – USA
- P. duncani (Chamberlin, 1925) – USA
- P. emertoni Gertsch, 1935 – USA
- P. festivus (C. L. Koch, 1835) (type) – Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Kazakhstan, Iran, China, Korea, Japan. Introduced to Canada
- P. flavipes O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872 – Lebanon, Israel
- P. florentinus Caporiacco, 1923 – Italy
- P. goodnighti Muma, 1945 – USA
- P. hamdeokensis Seo, 1988 – Russia (South Siberia, Far East), Korea
- P. kastoni Schenkel, 1950 – USA
- P. kentuckyensis Chamberlin & Gertsch, 1930 – USA
- P. labialis Paik, 1991 – Korea, Japan
- P. lasiolepis Fu, Chen & Zhang, 2016 – China
- P. leviculus Gertsch, 1936 – USA
- P. lindemanni Marusik, Omelko & Koponen, 2020 – Russia (Far East)
- P. luppovae Spassky, 1941 – Tajikistan
- P. minimus C. L. Koch, 1839 – Europe
- P. nemoralis Bryant, 1940 – Cuba
- P. nigrinus (Simon, 1878) – Central and southern Europe
- P. nipponicus Kishida, 1914 – Japan
- P. oabus Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935 – USA
- P. paludivagus Bishop & Crosby, 1926 – USA
- P. parcus (Hentz, 1847) – USA
- P. pennatoides Seo, 2018 – Korea
- P. pinturus Ivie & Barrows, 1935 – USA
- P. pipensis Muma, 1945 – USA
- P. pullatus Kulczyński, 1897 – Central to Eastern Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Iran, Kazakhstan, Central Asia
- P. pygmaeus Thorell, 1875 – Ukraine, Russia (Europe)
- P. schwarzi Gertsch, 1941 – USA
- P. shimenensis Yin, Peng, Gong & Kim, 1997 – China
- P. similis Banks, 1895 – USA
- P. singulus Gertsch, 1941 – USA
- P. sinicus Zhu & Mei, 1982 – Russia (South Siberia, Far East), China, Korea, Japan
- P. sordidus Savelyeva, 1972 – Kazakhstan
- P. spinosus Bryant, 1948 – Hispaniola
- P. szilyi Herman, 1879 – Portugal, Spain, Central to south-eastern Europe
- P. tamaulipanus Gertsch & Davis, 1940 – Mexico
- P. tepejicanus Gertsch & Davis, 1940 – Mexico
- P. thracia Komnenov & Chatzaki, 2016 – Greece, Turkey
Notes and References
- Book: Koch, C. L.. 1839. Die Arachniden.
- Bosselaers. J.. Jocqué. R.. 2002. Studies in Corinnidae: cladistic analysis of 38 corinnid and liocranid genera, and transfer of Phrurolithinae. Zoologica Scripta. 31. 3. 241–270. 10.1046/j.1463-6409.2002.00080.x . 83947168.
- Ramírez. M. J.. 2014. The morphology and phylogeny of dionychan spiders (Araneae: Araneomorphae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 390. 343. 10.1206/821.1. 11336/18066. 86146467. free.
- 2021. Gen. Phrurolithus C. L. Koch, 1839. Natural History Museum Bern. 10.24436/2. 3 December 2021. World Spider Catalog Version 22.5.
