Phosphoserine Explained

Phosphoserine (abbreviated as SEP or J) is an ester of serine and phosphoric acid. Phosphoserine is a component of many proteins as the result of posttranslational modifications.^[1] The phosphorylation of the alcohol functional group in serine to produce phosphoserine is catalyzed by various types of kinases.^{[2] [3]} Through the use of technologies that utilize an expanded genetic code, phosphoserine can also be incorporated into proteins during translation.^{[4] [5] [6]}

It is a normal metabolite found in human biofluids.^[7]

Phosphoserine has three potential coordination sites (carboxyl, amine and phosphate group) Determination of the mode of coordination between phosphorylated ligands and metal ions occurring in an organism is a first step to explain the function of the phosphoserine in bioinorganic processes.^{[8] [9]}

Notes and References

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2. The phosphorylation of proteins: a major mechanism for biological regulation. Biochemical Society Transactions. 1985-10-01. 2998902. 813–820. 13. 5. 10.1042/bst0130813. Edwin G.. Krebs.
3. The Protein Kinase Complement of the Human Genome. Science. 2002-12-06. 12471243. 1912–1934. 298. 5600. 10.1126/science.1075762. G.. Manning. D. B.. Whyte. R.. Martinez. T.. Hunter. S.. Sudarsanam. 2002Sci...298.1912M. 26554314.
4. Expanding the Genetic Code of Escherichia coli with Phosphoserine. Science. 2011-08-26. 21868676. 1151–1154. 333. 6046. 10.1126/science.1207203. Hee-Sung. Park. Michael J.. Hohn. Takuya. Umehara. Li-Tao. Guo. Edith M.. Osborne. Jack. Benner. Christopher J.. Noren. Jesse. Rinehart. Dieter. Söll. 5547737. 2011Sci...333.1151P.
5. Efficient genetic encoding of phosphoserine and its nonhydrolyzable analog. Nature Chemical Biology. 2015-01-01. 11. 7. 496–503. 10.1038/nchembio.1823. 26030730. Daniel T. Rogerson. Amit. Sachdeva. Kaihang. Wang. Tamanna. Haq. Agne. Kazlauskaite. Susan M. Hancock. Nicolas. Huguenin-Dezot. Miratul M K. Muqit. Andrew M. Fry. 4830402.
6. Robust production of recombinant phosphoproteins using cell-free protein synthesis. Nature Communications. 2015-09-09. 4566161. 26350765. 6. 8168. 10.1038/ncomms9168. Javin P.. Oza. Hans R.. Aerni. Natasha L.. Pirman. Karl W.. Barber. Charlotte M.. ter Haar. Svetlana. Rogulina. Matthew B.. Amrofell. Farren J.. Isaacs. Jesse. Rinehart. 2015NatCo...6.8168O.
7. 7693088 . Analysis of free and bound O-phosphoamino acids in urine by gas chromatography with flame photometric detection. Biomedical Chromatography. 7. 4. 184–8. 1993. Kataoka. H. Nakai. K. Katagiri. Y. Makita. M. 10.1002/bmc.1130070403.
8. Coordination mode in the binary systems of copper(II)/O-phospho-L-serine. Journal of Coordination Chemistry. 2009-03-10. 710–720. 62. 5. 10.1080/00958970802317855. Renata. Jastrzab. Lechoslaw. Lomozik. 95207026.
9. Phosphoserine and specific types of its coordination in copper(II) and adenosine nucleotides systems – Potentiometric and spectroscopic studies. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry. 2009-05-01. 766–773. 103. 5. 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2009.01.012. 19230980. Renata. Jastrzab.