Phenylalanine/tyrosine ammonia-lyase explained

Phenylalanine/tyrosine ammonia-lyase
Ec Number:	4.3.1.25

Phenylalanine/tyrosine ammonia-lyase (EC 4.3.1.25, PTAL, bifunctional PAL) is an enzyme with systematic name L-phenylalanine(or L-tyrosine):trans-cinnamate(or trans-p-hydroxycinnamate) ammonia-lyase.^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]} This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

\rightleftharpoons trans-cinnamate + NH₃\rightleftharpoons trans-p-hydroxycinnamate + NH₃

This enzyme is a member of the aromatic amino acid lyase family.

Notes and References

1. Rösler J, Krekel F, Amrhein N, Schmid J . Maize phenylalanine ammonia-lyase has tyrosine ammonia-lyase activity . Plant Physiology . 113 . 1 . 175–9 . January 1997 . 9008393 . 158128 . 10.1104/pp.113.1.175 .
2. Watts KT, Mijts BN, Lee PC, Manning AJ, Schmidt-Dannert C . Discovery of a substrate selectivity switch in tyrosine ammonia-lyase, a member of the aromatic amino acid lyase family . Chemistry & Biology . 13 . 12 . 1317–26 . December 2006 . 17185227 . 10.1016/j.chembiol.2006.10.008 .
3. Louie GV, Bowman ME, Moffitt MC, Baiga TJ, Moore BS, Noel JP . Structural determinants and modulation of substrate specificity in phenylalanine-tyrosine ammonia-lyases . Chemistry & Biology . 13 . 12 . 1327–38 . December 2006 . 17185228 . 2859959 . 10.1016/j.chembiol.2006.11.011 .
4. Schwede TF, Rétey J, Schulz GE . Crystal structure of histidine ammonia-lyase revealing a novel polypeptide modification as the catalytic electrophile . Biochemistry . 38 . 17 . 5355–61 . April 1999 . 10220322 . 10.1021/bi982929q .
5. Barros J, Serrani-Yarce JC, Chen F, Baxter D, Venables BJ, Dixon RA . Role of bifunctional ammonia-lyase in grass cell wall biosynthesis . Nature Plants . 2 . 6 . 16050 . May 2016 . 27255834 . 10.1038/nplants.2016.50 .