Phantasmarana Explained

Phantasmarana is a genus of frogs in the family Hylodidae.[1] [2] The genus is endemic to the Atlantic Forest of southeastern Brazil.

Members of this genus are associated with fast-flowing rivers. They are difficult to collect because they are easily disturbed and plunge into the torrential waters. Their teeth of are fanglike and larger than those of their close relatives. This might be associated with their predatory habits: at least two species are known prey on small vertebrates as well as invertebrates. The tadpoles are aquatic. Phantasmarana are relatively large frogs, with adults attaining lengths up to 120mm in snout–vent length.[3]

The genus name, Phantasmarana (literally translating to "phantom frog"), refers to the extreme rarity of wild members of this genus, as well as the lack of an advertisement call from members of the genus, instead making enigmatic noises. Members of Phantasmarana were formerly placed in Megaelosia, which is now thought to contain only one species. Phantasmarana is thought to be the sister genus to Hylodes.[4]

Species

There are eight species:[5] [6]

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Phantasmarana Vittorazzi, Augusto-Alves, Neves-da-Silva, Carvalho-e-Silva, Recco-Pimentel, Toledo, Lourenço, and Bruschi, 2021 . Amphibian Species of the World . 2022-09-11 .
  2. Web site: Hylodidae Günther, 1858 . Amphibian Species of the World . 2022-09-11.
  3. Book: Vitt . Laurie J. . Herpetology: An Introductory Biology of Amphibians and Reptiles . Caldwell . Janalee P. . Academic Press . 2014 . 4th . 486.
  4. Web site: Vittorazzi, S. E. . G. Augusto-Alves . D. Neves-da-Silva . A. M. P. T. de Carvalho-e-Silva . S. M. Recco-Pimentel . L. F. Toledo . L. B. Lourenço . D. P. Bruschi . 2021 . Paraphyly in the giant torrent-frogs (Anura: Hylodidae: Megaelosia) and the description of a new genus. . 2022-09-11 . www.salamandra-journal.com.
  5. Web site: Frost, Darrel R. . 2015 . Megaelosia Miranda-Ribeiro, 1923 . 29 April 2015 . Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0 . American Museum of Natural History.
  6. Web site: 2015 . Hylodidae . 29 April 2015 . AmphibiaWeb: Information on amphibian biology and conservation. [web application] . Berkeley, California: AmphibiaWeb.

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