| Official Name: | Phanom Thuan |
| Native Name: | พนมทวน |
| Native Name Lang: | th |
| Settlement Type: | District |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | Thailand |
| Subdivision Type1: | Province |
| Subdivision Name1: | Kanchanaburi |
| Subdivision Type2: | Seat |
| Subdivision Name2: | Phanom Thuan |
| Subdivision Type3: | Tambon |
| Subdivision Type4: | Muban |
| Established Title: | District established |
| Population Total: | 43,654 |
| Population As Of: | 2017 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Blank Name Sec1: | Postal code |
| Blank Info Sec1: | 71140[1] |
| Blank Name Sec2: | Geocode |
| Blank Info Sec2: | 7109 |
| Timezone: | ICT |
| Utc Offset: | +7 |
| Coordinates: | 14.1303°N 99.6989°W |
Phanom Thuan (Thai: พนมทวน, in Thai pronounced as /pʰā.nōm tʰūa̯n/) is a district (amphoe) in the eastern part of Kanchanaburi province, western central Thailand.
The area of Phanom Thuan was occupied in prehistoric times. At the archaeological site of Ban Don Ta Phet many artifacts were found in a 4th century cemetery, which indicated trade relations with India, Vietnam, and the Philippines.
At the Don Chedi archaeological site an excavation by the Fine Arts Department in 1982 recovered many human skeletons as well as elephant bones and swords. Thus this site might even have been the location of the famous battle of King Naresuan against the Burmese crown-prince, most commonly assigned to the Don Chedi district nearby.
Phanom Thuan district was one of the first three districts of Kanchanaburi Province. It was at first named Nuea ('northern') district as it covered the northern part of the province. When in 1831 King Rama III relocated the center of Kanchanaburi and readjusted its extent, Nuea district was renamed to Ban Thuan, covering the mountainous areas and the northward flowing river. In 1939 the district name was changed to Phanom Thuan.[2]
The name "Phanom Thuan" comes from a local waterway Khlong Thuan or Maenam Thuan, a minor branch of Mae Klong River which separated itself from the Mae Klong at Tha Muang district in the area of Mae Klong Dam then flows upstream (hence the name "Phanom Thuan", which means "upstream watercourse") up till it finally confluence with Khlong Chorakhe Sam Phan, a branch of Tha Chin River. While "Phanom" is a borrowed word from the Khmer "ភ្នំ", meaning "mountain".
Neighbouring districts are (from the south clockwise) Tha Maka, Tha Muang, Bo Phloi, Huai Krachao of Kanchanaburi Province, U Thong and Song Phi Nong of Suphanburi province.
The district is divided into eight sub-districts (tambons), which are further subdivided into 103 villages (mubans). There are four sub-district municipalities (thesaban tambon) within the district. Phanom Thuan covers the central part of the sub-district Phanom Tuan, Talat Khet the part central of Rang Wai. The municipality Rang Wai covers the remaining parts of the sub-district, and Nong Sarai the whole of the same-named tambon. There are a further six tambon administrative organizations (TAO).
| No. | Name | Thai | Villages | Pop.[3] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | Phanom Thuan | พนมทวน | 9 | 2,338 | |
| 2. | Nong Rong | หนองโรง | 17 | 6,738 | |
| 3. | Thung Samo | ทุ่งสมอ | 4 | 3,113 | |
| 4. | Don Chedi | ดอนเจดีย์ | 8 | 4,914 | |
| 5. | Phang Tru | พังตรุ | 20 | 9,492 | |
| 6. | Rang Wai | รางหวาย | 23 | 7,302 | |
| 11. | Nong Sarai | หนองสาหร่าย | 9 | 3,591[4] | |
| 12. | Don Ta Phet | ดอนตาเพชร | 13 | 5,872 |
Phanom Thuan covers an area of approximately 200,000 rais (535.78 km2), of which 45% is agricultural land. Residents have a career in raising livestock such as beef cattle, etc.[5]