Phạm Thanh Tâm Explained

Phạm Thanh Tâm
Birth Date:15 May 1932
Birth Place:Nam Định Province, Vietnam
Death Date:30 May 2019
Death Place:Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Nationality:Vietnamese
Education:Vietnam Fine Arts College
Known For:Journalism, writing, sketching, painting, propaganda, documentation
Movement:École des Beaux-Arts de l'Indochine Influenced
Style:Realism/documentary

Phạm Thanh Tâm (15 May 1932 – 30 May 2019) was a Vietnamese journalist and war artist, who used the pen name Huỳnh Biếc.[1] His career spanned the First Indochina War as a Việt Minh soldier participating in the resistance against French colonialism, as well as the Second Indochina War (also known as the Vietnam War) as a member of the People's Army of Vietnam against South Vietnam and the United States.[2]

Early life

Phạm Thanh Tâm was born in Vĩnh Hảo, Vinh Lại, Vụ Bản district, Nam Định Province – northern Hải Phòng – into a family with a tradition of revolutionary activities.[3] In 1941, his father and mother both joined the Việt Minh resistance against French colonialism.[4]

Education

Phạm Thanh Tâm began his education as a primary school student in Hải Phòng. After evacuating the city in late-1946, he attended a six-month painting training course organized by the Art Division of Military Zone III held at Phù Lưu Chanh communal house, near Đầu market, in Bắc Ninh.[5] His teachers included artists involved in the anti-colonial resistance, including Lương Xuân Nhị, Mai Văn Nam and Bùi Xuân Phái.[6]

Later, in 1963, he enrolled in the Vietnam Fine Arts College (also known as the Hanoi Fine Arts College). He graduated the Vietnam Fine Arts College in 1967.

Career

First Indochina War

After his studies at the painting training course in Military Zone III, Phạm Thanh Tâm was assigned to the Culture and Information Office in Hưng Yên Province.[7]

In 1950, he joined the Việt Minh as a journalist and war artist. His initial assignment was to the 34th Regiment's Tất Thắng newspaper.[8] He was soon transferred to Artillery Division 351 to work for the division newspaper, Quyết Thắng.[9]

In 1952, along with his division, he was sent to China for artillery training. After returning to Vietnam, he and his division marched from the town of Lào Cai on Vietnam's northern border with China to Điện Biên Phủ, a journey of over 300 kilometres on foot. He arrived on 11 March 1954, two days before the decisive Battle of Điện Biên Phủ, which he participated in as a soldier and documented as an artist and journalist.[10]

Second Indochina War

From 1954 to 1963, he worked for three newspapers concurrently: the Military Art Newspaper (Văn Nghệ Quân Đội),[11] the People's Army Newspaper (Quân Đội Nhân Dân) and the Military Image Newspaper (Hình Ảnh Quân Đội).

During his education at the Vietnam Fine Arts College, he volunteered for the front during the Second Indochina War. Again as a journalist, he was granted permission to write and paint from the battlefields along the Ho Chi Minh trail; in Khe Sanh, Quảng Trị and Hạ Long Bay; during the 1972 Christmas Bombings; in Đà Nắng and during the Fall of Saigon.[12]

Although artists worked under difficult conditions and with limited resources,[13] he managed to preserve most of his sketches and paintings by sending them back to Hanoi for safe keeping, using a variety of materials and the occasional use of photographs. He revealed to Sherry Buchanan of The Guardian "At Khe Sanh I did the watercolours right there at the battle. I used a plume rehaussée d'aquarelle [pen with [[Watercolor painting|watercolour]]]. The idea was not to hang around too long in one place. So I would usually add the pen later on. When I traveled around the country and there was no fierce fighting, I had more time to sketch carefully. I traveled with a photographer. That was very useful. If I forgot details, I could look at his pictures and fill in details. I used all kinds of materials: watercolours, pens, pencils – whatever I could find.".[14]

After Reunification

In 1978, he was appointed the director of the Military Fine Arts Workshop (later merged into the Military Museum) and staged painting exhibitions, taught art courses and erected statues to commemorate the reunification of Vietnam.[15]

He retired from the army as a Colonel and moved to Ho Chi Minh City with his family in 1989.

Phạm Thanh Tâm died in Ho Chi Minh City on 30 May 2019.[16] [17]

Works

Art Works

Books

Collections

Phạm Thanh Tâm's wartime works are collected by numerous museums in Vietnam, as well as a number of international collections.[19]

Official Roles

Awards

See also

Further reading

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Phạm Thanh Tâm Biography. Witness Collection.
  2. Web site: Phạm Thanh Tâm. Dogma Collection.
  3. Web site: People painted pictures through two wars, 14 June 2019. Nguyên. Thuận. 14 June 2019. Vietnam Military History Museum.
  4. Web site: Phạm Thanh Tâm Biography. Vietnam: The Art of War.
  5. Web site: Painter Phạm Thanh Tâm: Retelling history with painting. Minh. An. Liberation Saigon.
  6. Web site: In Memory of Painter Mai Van Hien "Meeting". Phạm. Thanh Tâm. Ho Chi Minh University of Fine Arts.
  7. Book: Harrison-Hall, Jessica. Vietnam Behind the Lines, Images from the War: 1965–1975. Art Media Resources Ltd.. 2002. 978-1588860200. Chicago.
  8. Book: Phạm, Thanh Tâm. Route 9, Khe Sanh: Avoid, Sketch during the Anti-American Resistance. Nhà Xuất Bản Trẻ. 2012. Ho Chi Minh City.
  9. Web site: The last palm tree in the Điện Biên Phủ Campaign. Nguyễn. Minh Ngọc. 6 May 2014. Nghe An Public Security.
  10. Book: Phạm, Thanh Tâm. Drawing Under Enemy Fire: War diary of a young Vietnamese artist. Asia Ink. 2005. 978-0953783939. London.
  11. Wert. Dr. Hal Elliott. January 2014. Artists Under Fire. Armchair General. History Net.
  12. Web site: People painted paintings through two wars of resistance. Bảo. Linh. 7 May 2018. Nhanh Dần.
  13. Web site: ARTS ABROAD; The Vietnam War, as Seen in Art From the Other Side. Riding. Alan. 22 October 2002. The New York Times.
  14. Web site: Drawing Fire. Buchanan. Sherry. 10 June 2002. The Guardian.
  15. Web site: The Artist Wrote and Drew Under Fire. Linh. Tuấn. 12 June 2019. Vietnam Military History Museum.
  16. Web site: Artist-soldier Pham Thanh Tam has Left. Nguyễn. Quốc Trung. 10 June 2019. Veterans of Ho Chi Minh City.
  17. Web site: Sad News – Painter Phạm Thanh Tâm Passes Away. Phạm. Tôn. 12 June 2019. Phạm Tôn's Blog.
  18. Book: Phạm, Thanh Tâm. Carnet de guerre d'un jeune Viêt-Minh à Diên Biên Phu (War diary of a young Viêt-Minh in Diên Biên Phu). Armand Colin. 2011. 978-2200257590. Paris.
  19. Web site: The One Who Keeps the Dien Bien Fire Between Saigon. Võ. Thu Hương. 4 May 2016. Lam Dong Online.
  20. Book: Phạm, Thanh Tâm. Phạm Thanh Tâm "Soldier dressing another soldier's head wound". British Museum. 1965–1975. London.
  21. Book: Phạm, Thanh Tâm. "Approach Khe Sanh Battlefield". Dogma Collection. 1967. Ho Chi Minh City.
  22. Book: Phạm, Thanh Tâm. A Singer of the Armed Force's Literature and Arts Division at Điện Biên Phủ. Dogma Collection. 1954. Ho Chi Minh City.
  23. Book: Phạm, Thanh Tâm. A Year After Điện Biên Phủ Victory. Dogma Collection. 1955. Ho Chi Minh City.
  24. Book: Phạm, Thanh Tâm. Guarding Halong Bay. Dogma Collection. 1964. Ho Chi Minh City.
  25. Book: Phạm, Thanh Tâm. Russian Tank. Dogma Collection. 1972. Ho Chi Minh City.
  26. Book: Phạm, Thanh Tâm. Propaganda Painting in Oil on Hemp. Dogma Collection. 1973. Ho Chi Minh City.
  27. Web site: Oil Paint: Main Collections. Phạm. Thanh Tâm. 2017. Ho Chi Minh City Fine Arts Museum.
  28. Web site: People Painted Paintings Through Two Wars of Resistance. Bảo. Linh. 9 May 2019. Military Zone 7 Newspaper.
  29. Book: Phạm, Thanh Tâm. Coming Home. Vietnam Military History Museum. 2003. Hanoi.
  30. Book: Phạm, Thanh Tâm. Keeping the Sky. Vietnam Military History Museum. Hanoi.
  31. Book: Phạm, Thanh Tâm. Điện Biên Phủ Bunker. Witness Collection. 1954. Penang, Malaysia.
  32. Book: Phạm, Thanh Tâm. Laying Flowers on Graves. Witness Collection. 1954. Penang, Malaysia.
  33. Book: Phạm, Thanh Tâm. The 17th Parallel. Witness Collection. 1956. Penang, Malaysia.
  34. Book: Phạm, Thanh Tâm. Defending the Border. Witness Collection. 1959. Penang, Malaysia.
  35. Book: Phạm, Thanh Tâm. Khe Sanh. Witness Collection. 1967. Penang, Malaysia.
  36. Book: Phạm, Thanh Tâm. Saigon After Victory. Witness Collection. 30 April 1975. Penang, Malaysia.

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