| Petra Pau | |
| Honorific-Suffix: | MdB |
| Office: | Vice President of the Bundestag (on proposal of The Left-group) |
| Term Start: | 7 April 2006 |
| Predecessor: | Position established |
| Office2: | Member of the Bundestag for Berlin |
| Term Start2: | 26 October 2021 |
| Constituency2: | The Left List |
| Term Start3: | 26 October 1998 |
| Term End3: | 26 October 2021 |
| Constituency3: | Marzahn-Hellersdorf |
| Successor3: | Mario Czaja |
| Office4: | Member of the Abgeordnetenhaus of Berlin |
| Term Start4: | 30 November 1995 |
| Term End4: | October 1998 |
| Constituency4: | Hellersdorf 3 |
| Predecessor4: | Werner Krause |
| Successor4: | Constituency abolished |
| Birth Date: | 9 August 1963 |
| Birth Place: | East Berlin, East Germany |
| Party: | The Left PDS (1989–2007) SED (1983–1989) |
Petra Pau (born 9 August 1963) is a German politician of The Left. She has been a member of the Bundestag since 1998. Since 2006, she has also served as one of the Vice Presidents of the Bundestag, being the first member of her party to hold this office. Pau belongs to the reform-oriented wing of her party, actively supporting parliamentary representative democracy.
Pau's first involvement in politics came in 1983 when she joined the Socialist Unity Party (SED), the governing party of East Germany. She worked as a functionary for the Free German Youth as a leader of the East German pioneers.[1] After German reunification, the SED became the Party of Democratic Socialism (PDS) and she was elected as a PDS member to the Borough Assembly of Hellersdorf in Eastern Berlin in October 1990. She became district chairwoman of the PDS branch in Hellersdorf in October 1991, and was elected chairwoman of the Berlin PDS association in October 1992. From 2000 to 2002, she was deputy chairwoman of the federal party.
She was elected to the state parliament of Berlin in 1995, and remained a member until 1998, when she was elected to the Bundestag for the Berlin Mitte – Prenzlauer Berg constituency. Controversial boundary changes abolished this constituency and for the 2002 election, she contested Berlin-Marzahn-Hellersdorf, regarded as a safe seat for the PDS.[2] She was elected for that constituency and became one of only two members of the Bundestag for her party, which fell below the 5% electoral threshold. The new Left party regained proportional representation in 2005, in part due to Pau being reelected in Marzahn-Hellersdorf and the Left winning two other constituency seats.[3] A party that wins at least three constituency seats qualifies for proportional representation even if it falls below the threshold.
Pau retained the constituency in 2009, 2013, and 2017, but was defeated in 2021 by CDU candidate Mario Czaja. She nonetheless reentered the Bundestag on the Left party list.[4]
After the 2005 federal election, the Left group offered Lothar Bisky as their candidate for of the Bundestag, but he failed to win a majority after four rounds of voting. They subsequently put forward Pau, who was elected on the first ballot. She has been reelected as in each subsequent term. Since the 2013 term, she has been the longest-serving .[5]
Speaking of her upbringing, Pau said: "Of course my past is typical for someone who grew up in the GDR. I was a teacher and Pioneer leader in East Berlin. It is my past which drives me today in my commitment to a democratic society, and I reject any suggestion that this is not the case or even possible." In her capacity as, she seeks to be impartial but not apolitical, and champions civil rights and democracy.