Peter Ungar Explained
Peter Ungar |
Birth Date: | 4 May 1963 |
Birth Place: | New York, New York |
Fields: | Paleoanthropology, evolutionary biology |
Workplaces: | University of Arkansas Duke University Johns Hopkins University |
Alma Mater: | Binghamton University Stony Brook University Ph.D. |
Thesis Title: | Incisor Microwear and Feeding Behavior of Four Sumatran Anthropoids |
Thesis Url: | https://search.proquest.com/docview/304020140 |
Thesis Year: | 1992 |
Doctoral Advisor: | Frederick Grine Richard Kay (postdoc) Alan Walker (postdoc) |
Known For: | Reconstructing the diets of human ancestors |
Awards: | US National Academy of Sciences and American Academy of Arts and Sciences Memberships, Southeastern Conference Faculty Achievement Award, Fulbright Foundation Specialist Awards to South Africa and to Finland, American Association for the Advancement of Science Fellowship, Johns Hopkins Society of Scholars Membership |
Peter S. Ungar (born May 4, 1963) is an American paleoanthropologist and evolutionary biologist.
Life
Peter S. Ungar is Distinguished Professor and Director of the Environmental Dynamics Program at the University of Arkansas. Before arriving at Arkansas, he taught at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and the Duke University Medical Center.
Ungar is known primarily for his work on the role of diet in human evolution.[1] [2] [3] [4] He has spent thousands of hours observing wild apes and other primates in the rainforests of Latin America and Southeast Asia, studied fossils from tyrannosaurids to Neandertals, documented oral health of the Hadza Hunter-Gatherers of Tanzania, and developed new techniques for using advanced surface analysis technologies to tease information about diet from tooth shape and patterns of use wear.[5] [6] [7]
Ungar has written or coauthored more than 230 scientific works on ecology and evolution for books and journals including Nature, Science, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, and Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society.[8] These have focused on food choices and feeding in living primates, and the role of diet in the evolution of human ancestors and other fossil species.[9] His book Mammal Teeth: Origin, Evolution and Diversity[10] won the PROSE Award for best book in the Biological Sciences, and he edited Evolution of the Human Diet: The Known, the Unknown and the Unknowable and coedited Human Diet: Its Origins and Evolution.[11] His forays into popular science writing include [12] Teeth: A Very Short Introduction, and his most recent trade book,[13] Evolution's Bite: A Story about Teeth, Diet, and Human Origins.
Ungar's work has been featured in hundreds of electronic, print, and broadcast media outlets, and he appeared recently in documentaries on the Discovery Channel, BBC Television, and the Science Channel.
Selected publications
- Peter S. Ungar, "The Trouble with Teeth: Our teeth are crowded, crooked and riddled with cavities. It hasn't always been this way", Scientific American, vol. 322, no. 4 (April 2020), pp. 44–49. "Our teeth [...] evolved over hundreds of millions of years to be incredibly strong and to align precisely for efficient chewing. [...] Our dental disorders largely stem from a shift in the oral environment caused by the introduction of softer, more sugary foods than the ones our ancestors typically ate."
- Ungar . P.S. . 2018 . The real paleodiet . Scientific American. July . 1. 42–49. 10.1038/scientificamerican0718-42 . 29924104 . 2018SciAm.319a..42U . 49312895 .
- Ungar . P.S. . Hlusko. L.J. . 2016 . The evolutionary path of least resistance . Science. 353 . 6294. 29–30 . 10.1126/science.aaf8398. 27365438 . 2016Sci...353...29U . 206649993 .
- Xia. J. . Zheng. J. . Huang. D. . Tian. Z.R. . Chen. L. . Zhou. Z. . Ungar. P.S. . Qian. L. . 2015 . A new model to explain tooth wear with implications for microwear formation and diet reconstruction. . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 112. 34. 10669–10672 . 10.1073/pnas.1509491112. 26240350 . 4553824. 2015PNAS..11210669X . free .
- Henry. A.G. . Ungar. P.S. . Passey. B.H. . Sponheimer. M. . Rossouw. L. . Bamford. M. . Sandberg. P. . de Ruiter. D.J. . Berger. L.R. . 2012 . The diet of Australopithecus sediba. . Nature . 487 . 7405. 90–93 . 10.1038/nature11185 . 22763449. 2012Natur.487...90H . 205229276 .
- Ungar . P.S. . Sponheimer. M.J. . 2011 . Early hominin diets . Science. 334. 6053. 190–193 . 10.1126/science.1207701 . 21998380 . 2011Sci...334..190U. 206534879 .
- Ungar . P.S. . Grine . F.E. . Teaford . M.F. . 2008 . Dental microwear indicates that Paranthropus boisei was not a hard-object feeder . 10.1371/journal.pone.0002044 . 18446200 . PLOS ONE . 3 . 4. e2044 . 2315797 . 2008PLoSO...3.2044U . free .
- Ungar . P.S. . 2008 . Strong teeth, strong seeds . Nature . 452 . 7188. 703–705 . 10.1038/452703a. 18401397 . 7930952 . free .
- Scott. R.S. . Ungar. P.S. . Bergstrom. T.S. . Brown. C.A. . Grine. F.E. . Teaford. M.F. . Walker. A. . 2005 . Dental microwear texture analysis reflects diets of living primates and fossil hominins. . Nature. 436. 7051. 693–695 . 10.1038/nature03822 . 16079844 . 2005Natur.436..693S. 4431062 .
- Ungar . P.S. . 2005. Milking as much as possible out of dental topographic analysis . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 102. 46. 16533–16534 . 10.1073/pnas.0508642102. 16275898 . 1283857 . free .
- Ungar . P.S. . Kirera. F. . 2003. A solution to the worn tooth conundrum in primate functional anatomy . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 100. 7. 3874–3877 . 10.1073/pnas.0637016100. 12634426 . 153015 . free .
- Teaford. M.F. . Ungar. P.S. . 2000 . Diet and the evolution of the earliest human ancestors . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 97. 25. 13506–13511. 10.1073/pnas.260368897 . 11095758 . 17605. 2000PNAS...9713506T . free .
- Ungar . P.S. . Kay. R.F. . 1995 . The dietary adaptations of European Miocene catarrhines . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 92. 12. 5479–5481 . 10.1073/pnas.92.12.5479. 7777533 . 41718 . 1995PNAS...92.5479U . free .
Books
- Ungar, P.S. Evolution's Bite: A Story of Teeth, Diet, and Human Origins. 2017.
- Ungar, P.S. Teeth: A Very Short Introduction. 2014.
- Ungar, P.S. Mammal Teeth: Origin, Evolution, and Diversity. 2010.
External links
Notes and References
- Web site: Researchers' Findings Challenge Conventional Ideas on Evolution of Human Diet, Natural Selection . 2010-09-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20080725062344/http://dailyheadlines.uark.edu/12875.htm . 2008-07-25 . dead .
- Web site: Teeth Offer Clues to Human Diet Evolution. Melissa Lutz Blouin. Live Science. 9 May 2008. 29 April 2019.
- Web site: News - Video - Peter Ungar describes how pits and scratches on teeth leave clues about early human ancestor diet. - NSF - National Science Foundation. Nsf.gov. 29 April 2019.
- Web site: Dental Analytics Describe Evolution of Human Diet - Newswise: News for Journalists. Newswise.com. 29 April 2019.
- Scott, R.S.; Ungar, P.S.; Bergstrom, T.S.; Brown, C.A.; Grine, F.E.; Teaford, M.F.; Walker, A. Dental microwear texture analysis reflects diets of living primates and fossil hominins. Nature, 436: 693-695, 2005.
- 10.1002/sca.4950250405 . 12926610 . 25 . 4 . Quantification of Dental Microwear by Tandem Scanning Confocal Microscopy and Scale-Sensitive Fractal Analyses . Scanning . 185–193 . Ungar . Peter S.. 2006 . free .
- Web site: Novel Technique Offers New Look at Ancient Diets — Eberly College of Science. Science.psu.edu. 29 April 2019.
- Web site: - Royal Society. Royalsociety.org. 29 April 2019.
- Web site: Ancient. Nsf.gov. 29 April 2019.
- Book: Mammal Teeth - Johns Hopkins University Press Books. Jhupbooks.press.jhu.edu. 2010 . 10.1353/book.485 . 29 April 2019. Ungar . Peter . 9780801896682 .
- Web site: Evolution of the Human Diet: The Known, the Unknown, and the Unknowable . Oxford University Press . 2010-09-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110629171257/http://www.oup.com/us/catalog/general/subject/Anthropology/BiologicalPhysicalAnthropology/~~/dmlldz11c2EmY2k9OTc4MDE5NTE4MzQ3NA. 2011-06-29 . dead .
- Book: Teeth: A Very Short Introduction. Very Short Introductions. 1 April 2014. Oxford University Press. 978-0-19-967059-8. 29 April 2019.
- Book: Evolution's Bite. Princeton University Press. 9 May 2017 . 9780691160535 . 29 April 2019. Ungar . Peter S. .