| Peter Rowe | |
| State: | New York |
| Term Start: | March 4, 1853 |
| Term End: | March 3, 1855 |
| Predecessor: | Preston King |
| Successor: | Thomas R. Horton |
| Office2: | Mayor of Schenectady, New York |
| Term Start2: | 1846 |
| Term End2: | 1850 |
| Birth Date: | 10 March 1807 |
| Birth Place: | Crescent, New York, U.S. |
| Death Place: | Schenectady, New York, U.S. |
| Resting Place: | Vale Cemetery, Schenectady, New York, U.S. |
| Party: | Democratic |
| Profession: | Politician, businessman |
Peter Rowe (March 10, 1807 – April 17, 1876) was an American businessman and politician who served one term as a United States Representative from New York from 1853 to 1855.
Born in Crescent, New York, Rowe completed preparatory studies and graduated from Schenectady Academy in Schenectady, New York. He engaged in mercantile pursuits and became the chief auditor of the New York Central Railroad. He served as mayor of Schenectady from 1846 to 1850.
Rowe was elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853 – March 3, 1855).
He died in Schenectady on April 17, 1876, and was interred there in Vale Cemetery.