Peter J. Davies Explained

Peter J. Davies
Citizenship:	United States
Nationality:	English
Field:	Plant Physiology, Plant Biotechnology
Work Institutions:	Yale University Cornell University
Alma Mater:	University of Reading, B. Sc., PhD University of California at Davis M.S.
Known For:	Plant Physiology, Plant Hormones
Prizes:	Jefferson Science Fellow at the United States Department of State

Peter John Davies is a professor emeritus of Plant Physiology in the Departments of Plant Biology and Horticulture at Cornell University^{[1] [2]} who is notable for his work on plant development,^[3] plant hormones,^[4] and in educating the public on agricultural technology and genetically modified organisms (GMOs) as a Jefferson Science Fellow from 2011 to 2014.^[5] As a Jefferson Science Fellow Davies monitored developments in agriculture and food security, monitored the status of biotech crops in Europe, and provided input to promote the acceptance of these crops on a scientific basis.^{[6] [7]}

Personal life

Peter J. Davies was born in Harrow in London U.K. in 1940, the son of William B. Davies, an Anglican vicar in Edmonton and Enfield U.K., and Ivy D Davies. Peter Davies married Linda DeNoyer.^{[8] [9] [10] [11]} They have two children: Kenneth Davies and Caryn Davies.

University life

Davies earned a B.Sc. in Agricultural Botany (1962) and a Ph.D. in Agricultural Botany with an emphasis on herbicide physiology in 1966 from the University of Reading in England, and an M.S. in Plant Physiology from the University of California at Davis in 1964. He did a post doc with Arthur Galston and an instructor in the Biology Department at Yale University. At Cornell University, Davies became an assistant professor in 1969, an associate professor in 1975, a Full Professor in 1983 and retired in 2016. A Mini-Symposium Celebrated Davies' 46 years in Plant Sciences at Cornell.^{[12] [13]}

Research

Davies research has been on the role of plant hormones in whole plant physiology, including stem growth, whole-plant senescence,^[14] tomato ripening and potato tuberization.

In 1866, Gregor Mendel, the father of genetics, demonstrated that height in peas was controlled by a single factor. More than a century later, Davies discovered that Mendel's stem length gene (Le) in peas encoded a gibberellin 3β-hydroxylase.^[15] This enzyme converts GA₂₀, an inactive form of gibberellin to GA₁, the form of gibberellin that stimulates stem growth in peas. The conversion of gibberellins results in the tall phenotype that Mendel observed.^{[16] [17]} The mutant (le) that was observed by Mendel is shorter because it is unable to convert sufficient GA₂₀ to GA₁.

Awards and honors

Davies was the Potato Grower Researcher of the Year for 2008.^[18] He was a Senior Fellow at the Institute of Advanced Studies, Università di Bologna, Italy in 2010, an OECD (Trade Agriculture) Research Fellow at the Università di Bologna, Italy in 2010, a Jefferson Science Fellow in the United States Department of State from 2011 to 2014^[19] and was made an International Professor of Plant Biology at Cornell University in 2013.

Video lectures on Genetically-Modified Organisms (GMOs)

• How to Evaluate Evidence For and Against GMOs (Cornell University, December 8, 2015)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WnrniWpdsDU,https://www.geneticliteracyproject.org/2015/12/14/video-cornell-prof-peter-davies-evaluate-evidence-gmos/
• Jefferson Lecture at the Department of State on Crop Biotechnology: Science and Sustainability (Department of State, March 27, 2012) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6oBDE3CxcUU
• Are GMO foods safe? We asked an expert.https://vimeo.com/102870754

Books

• Galston, A. W. and P. J. Davies (1970) Control Mechanisms in Plant Development, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ
• Davies, P. J. ed. (1975) Historical and Current Aspects of Plant Physiology: A Symposium Honoring F.C. Steward, New York State College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
• Galston, A. W., P. J. Davies and R. L. Satter (1980) The Life of the Green Plant,Third edition, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ
• Davies, P. J. ed. (1987) Plant Hormones and their Role in Plant Growth and Development, M. Nijhoff, Dordrecht
• Davies, P. J. ed. (1995) Plant Hormones: Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht
• Davies, P. J. ed. (2004, revised edition 2010) Plant Hormones: Biosynthesis, Signal Transduction, Action!, Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht https://www.amazon.com/dp/1402026854/ref=rdr_ext_tmb

External links

• Peter Davies' publications listed on Research Gate https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Peter_Davies16

Notes and References

1. Book: Cobb. Edward D.. 150 Years of Botany at Cornell: A History of Botany and Plant Biology. 2013. Cornell University. Ithaca, NY. second printing, first.
2. DeMichele. Jennifer. Insights from Peter Davies, plant physiology and plant molecular biology. Journal of Young Investigators. 2002. 6. 1. August 31, 2016.
3. Krikorian. A. D.. Control Mechanisms in Plant Development. Arthur W. Galston, Peter J. Davies. Q. Rev. Biol.. 1971. 46. 3. 304–305. 10.1086/406949.
4. Book: Davies. P. J.. Plant Hormones in: Encyclopedia of Science and Technology . 2007. McGraw Hill. New York. 692–696.
5. Web site: Peter Davies Jefferson Science Fellow. The National Academies of Science, Engineering, Medicine.
6. News: Professor Peter Davies discusses benefits of GMO's. November 11, 2016. Hawaii News Now.
7. News: GMOs: Should they be on our shelves?. November 11, 2016. RT America.
8. Roesler, F. L. . L. DeNoyer. Differential Motion of Excited He+ Ions in a Hollow Cathode Plasma. Phys. Rev. Lett.. 1964. 12. 14. 396–398. 10.1103/physrevlett.12.396. 1964PhRvL..12..396R.
9. van Benthem, K., G. Tan, L. K. DeNoyer, R. H. French, and M. Rühle. Local Optical Properties, Electron Densities, and London Dispersion Energies of Atomically Structured Grain Boundaries. Phys. Rev. Lett.. 2004. 93. 22. 227201. 10.1103/physrevlett.93.227201. 15601111. 2004PhRvL..93v7201V.
10. van Benthem, K., G. Tan, R. H. French, L. K. DeNoyer, R. Podgornik, and V. A. Parsegian. Graded interface models for more accurate determination of van der Waals–London dispersion interactions across grain boundaries. Phys. Rev. B. 2006. 74. 20. 205110. 10.1103/physrevb.74.205110. 2006PhRvB..74t5110V.
11. Schimelman, J. B., D. M. Dryden, L. Poudel, K. E. Krawiec, Y. Ma, R. Podgornik, V. A. Parsegian, L. K. Denoyer, W.-Y. Ching, N. F. Steinmetz and R. H. French. Optical properties and electronic transitions of DNA oligonucleotides as a function of composition and stacking sequence. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.. 2015. 17. 6. 4589–4599. 10.1039/c4cp03395g. 25584920. 2015PCCP...17.4589S.
12. Web site: Mini-Symposium Celebrating Peter Davies' 46 years in Plant Sciences. Cornell SIPS. August 31, 2016.
13. News: Symposium honors plant hormone expert Peter Davies. August 31, 2016. Cornell CALS. July 17, 2016.
14. Web site: Davies. Peter. Senescence of the whole plant. Cornell SIPS. August 31, 2016.
15. Web site: Cornell And Australian Scientists Clone The Gene Regulating Stem Growth In Pea Plants. Science Daily. August 31, 2016. September 6, 1997.
16. Lester, D. R., J. J. Ross, P. J. Davies and J. B. Reid. Mendel's stem length gene (Le) encodes a gibberellin 3β-hydroxylase . 9286112 . Plant Cell. 1997. 9. 8 . 1435–1443. 10.1105/tpc.9.8.1435. 157009.
17. Web site: Konig. Ross E.. Gibberellins. Plant Physiology Information Website. August 31, 2016.
18. News: Editor's Note. August 31, 2016. May. Potato Grower: Serving the National Potato Industry. 2009.
19. Web site: Ramaujan. Krishna. Jefferson Fellow Peter Davies to Spend Year in DC. Cornell Chronicle. August 31, 2016.