Petaladenium Explained

Petaladenium urceoliferum is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae. It is a tree native to northern Brazil. It grows in tropical lowland Amazon rain forest in the basin of the Rio Negro, a northern tributary of the Amazon.^[1] It is the only member of the genus Petaladenium.^{[2] [3]} The genus belongs to tribe Amburaneae in subfamily Faboideae.^[4]

It produces three chemical compounds in its leaves that are not found in other members of the Amburaneae: (2S,4S,5R)-5-hydroxy-4-methoxypipecolic acid, (2S,4R,5S)-5-hydroxy-4-methoxypipecolic acid, and (2S,4R,5R)-4-hydroxy-5-methoxypipecolic acid.^[5] Petaladenium urceoliferum is unique among legumes in having fimbriate–glandular wing petals.^[6]

Notes and References

1. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:191019-2 Petaladenium urceoliferum Ducke
2. Web site: ILDIS LegumeWeb entry for Petaladenium . . International Legume Database & Information Service . Cardiff School of Computer Science & Informatics . 22 May 2014.
3. Web site: GRIN species records of Petaladenium . USDA . USDA . ARS . Agricultural Research Service . National Genetic Resources Program . Germplasm Resources Information Network—(GRIN) [Online Database] . National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland . 22 May 2014.
4. Cardoso D, São-Mateus WM, da Cruz DT, Zartman CE, Komura DL, Kite G, Prenner G, Wieringa JJ, Clark A, Lewis G, Pennington RT, de Queiroz LP . 2015 . Filling in the gaps of the papilionoid legume phylogeny: The enigmatic Amazonian genus Petaladenium is a new branch of the early-diverging Amburaneae clade . . 84 . 112–124 . 25575702 . 10.1016/j.ympev.2014.12.015. free . 2015MolPE..84..112C .
5. Kite GC, Cardoso D, Lewis GP, Zartman CE, de Queiroz LP, Veitch NC . 2015 . Monomethyl ethers of 4,5-dihydroxypipecolic acid from Petaladenium urceoliferum: Enigmatic chemistry of an enigmatic legume . . 116 . 198–202 . 25817832 . 10.1016/j.phytochem.2015.02.026. 2015PChem.116..198K .
6. Prenner G, Cardoso D, Zartman CE, de Queiroz LP . 2015 . Flowers of the early-branching papilionoid legume Petaladenium urceoliferum display unique morphological and ontogenetic features . . 102 . 11 . 1780–93 . 26526814 . 10.3732/ajb.1500348. free .