Iranian handicrafts explained

Iranian handicrafts are handicraft or handmade crafted works originating from Iran.

Basketry and wickerwork

• , a bamboo wickerwork or textile, used to make floor mats, stools, and fans.
• , a palm leaf basketry.^[1]
• , an indigenous boat made of tobacco leaves found in the Hamun Lake region^[2]

Carpets and rugs

• Persian carpet
  • Abadeh rug, type of carpet with a large diamond pattern
  • Afshar rugs, carpets from the Turkic Afshar tribe
  • Ardabil Carpet, the name of two different famous Safavid carpets which became a style^[3]
  • Dilmaghani, the oldest existing manufacturers of hand knotted carpets
  • Gabbeh, a type of Persian nomadic carpet
  • Heriz rug, type of carpet with copper in the wool and bold patterns with a large medallion
  • Shiraz rug, a type of Persian carpet
  • Tabriz rug, genre of carpets found in Tabriz
• Kilims, flat woven rug or tapestry^[4]
  • , type of Kilim
• Soumak, flat woven rug, bedding, or tapestry; a stronger and thicker weave than a Kilim

Textiles

• Persian embroidery
  • Pateh, needlework on wool, with colored thread, mostly of silk. It is mostly created by women.^[5]
  • Rasht embroidery
  • Sermeh embroidery
  • Sistan embroidery and, using a black, cream or white thread color to decorate clothing or other fabrics
  • Zardozi, metal embroidery thread work made of silver or gold.^[6]
• Balochi needlework
• Brocade, shuttle-woven fabrics often made in colored silks and sometimes with gold and silver threads.
• Felt, a traditional weaving, common to the Kermanshah province^[7]
• , a traditional machine woven fabric
• Ghalamkar, wood-block printed fabric, often used for table cloths or as bedspreads.^[8]
• Khameh, silk embroidered on raw-colored fabric, typically in all white.^[9]
• Jajim, hand-woven, colorful fabric often found in rural areas
• Termeh, hand woven fabric, often used for table cloths, or made into shawls.^[10]

Metalwork

• Dovatgari^{[11] [12]}
• Enamelwork (Persian: Minakari)^[13]
• Metal engraving (Persian: Ghalamzani)
• Openwork, a popular style for bronze work
• Silver-gilt
• Toreutics (Persian: Ghalam-Zani)^[14]

Woodwork

• Girih, a branch of traditional architecture and tiling strapwork, often made of wood, but sometimes made of other materials.
• Moarragh (also known as Moarraq), traditional marquetry or wood inlay
• Khatam, marquetry or wood inlay using very small pieces, often made into boxes or to decorate home goods^[15]
• Wood carving

Pottery and ceramics

See also: Persian pottery.

• Earthenware
• Fritware
• Garrus ware
• Gombroon ware
• Kraak ware
• Kubachi ware
• Lustreware
• Mina'i ware
• Moarragh, traditional ceramic mosaic tile developed by the Seljuks^{[16] [17]}

Stone, masonry, and mosaic

• , a building material used inside the walls of nomadic black tents called "siah chador".^[18]
• Hardstone carving
• Sculpturing
• Stained glass
• Firoozeh Koobi, made of a copper vessel that is covered with inlayed turquoise stone.^[19]
• Stone inlay, the most popular stone used is carnelian, followed by turquoise to make traditional jewelry.^[20] The inlay is typically laid in mastic and wax, then fixed with enamel and/or niello.

Painting, drawing, and motifs

• Persian miniature
• Motifs
  • Buta (ornament), a motif style
  • , a flower-and-bird motif style
  • Paisley (design), a motif style
  • Master of Animals
  • Lion and Sun
• Illuminated manuscript
• , a gilding and painting technique^[21]

Places in Iran to find handicrafts

• Grand Bazaar, Tehran
• Vakil Bazaar, Shiraz
• Bazaar-e Bozorg, Isfahan
• Tabriz Grand Bazaar, Tabriz
• Fire Temple of Yazd.

See also

• Arts of Iran
• Persian art
• Persian-Sassanid art patterns

Notes and References

1. Web site: Kapu of Khuzestan . 2022-03-11 . www.visitiran.ir . en.
2. Web site: توتن (قایق) یکی از صنایع دستی سیستان /دریاچه هامون چشم انتظار حیات دوباره آن است . 2022-03-11 . Young Journalist Club . fa.
3. Web site: Beattie . M. . December 15, 1986 . Ardabīl Carpet . 2022-03-11 . Encyclopaedia Iranica . Encyclopaedia Iranica Foundation . en-US.
4. Web site: 2010-06-10 . پاسداري از ميراث و گنجينه گرانبهاي صنايع دستي در منابع مكتوب ایبنا . Protecting the heritage and precious treasures of handicrafts in written sources . 2022-03-11 . خبرگزاری کتاب ايران (IBNA) . fa.
5. Web site: Best Handicrafts of Iran: Souvenirs from the Past - Visit Our Iran - Discover Iran .
6. Book: Johnston . Amanda . Fabric for Fashion: The Complete Guide: Natural and Man-made Fibres . Hallett . Clive . 2014-02-03 . Quercus Publishing . 978-1-78067-513-8 . 515 . en.
7. Web site: 2013-01-31 . نمدمالی کرمانشاهی، میراث معنوی ایرانی شد . Kermanshahi felt became the spiritual heritage of Iran . 2022-03-11 . ایسنا (ISNA) . fa.
8. Book: Sarshar, Houman M. . The Jews of Iran: The History, Religion and Culture of a Community in the Islamic World . 2014-09-17 . Bloomsbury Publishing . 978-0-85773-710-6 . 214–215 . en.
9. Web site: 2021-10-09 . Iranian handicrafts: Khameh-Duzi of Sistan-Baluchestan . 2022-10-07 . Tehran Times . en.
10. Book: Middle East and Indian Ocean . 1999 . Société d'histoire de l'Orient . 978-2-7384-8380-5 . 348 . en.
11. Web site: 2023-09-09 . A research on Shiraz's native art-industry condemned to oblivion . 2023-09-09 . Allameh Tabataba’i University . en . Dovatgari.
12. سامانیان . ساسان . بهمنی . ساره . 2022-03-21 . پژوهشی در دواتگری شیراز هنر-صنعت بومی محکوم به فراموشی . دو فصلنامه دانش های بومی ایران . fa . 9 . 17 . 149–176 . 10.22054/qjik.2023.71081.1343 . 2345-6019.
13. Web site: 2019-06-10 . Iranian handicraft; a rainbow of diversity rooted in old history . 2022-03-11 . IRNA English . en.
14. The Cambridge History of Iran by I. Gershevitch (1985) p.154
15. Book: Meals, Roy A. . Bones: Inside and Out . 2020-10-20 . W. W. Norton & Company . 978-1-324-00533-9 . 296 . en.
16. Book: Journal of the Australasian Ceramic Society . 1989 . Australasian Ceramic Society . 54 . en.
17. Book: Crabtree, Pam J. . Encyclopedia of Society and Culture in the Medieval World . 2008 . Facts On File . 978-0-8160-6936-1 . 77 . en.
18. Web site: Gh . Akbar . 2017-11-25 . Siāh chādor (lett: black tent) is a type of curtain made from the goat hairs . 2022-03-11 . Iran Cultura . en.
19. Web site: July 5, 2017 . Iranian MPs Authorize Formation of Handicraft Development Fund - Society/Culture news . 2022-03-15 . Tasnim News Agency . en.
20. Book: Diba, Layla S. . Turkmen Jewelry: Silver Ornaments from the Marshall and Marilyn R. Wolf Collection . Metropolitan Museum of Art . . 2011 . 978-1-58839-415-6 . en . Layla S. Diba.
21. Web site: 2011-07-13 . آشنایی با هنر تشعیر . 2022-03-11 . همشهری آنلاین . fa.