Permease of phosphotransferase system explained

Permease of phosphotransferase system (or PTS-AG superfamily according to TCDB) is a superfamily of phosphotransferase enzymes that facilitate the transport of L-ascorbate (A) and galactitol (G). Classification has been established through phylogenic analysis and bioinformatics.^{[1] [2]}

The bacterial phosphoenolpyruvate:sugar phosphotransferase system (PTS) transports and phosphorylates its sugar substrates in a single energy-coupled step. This transport process is dependent on several cytoplasmic phosphoryl transfer proteins - Enzyme I (I), HPr, Enzyme IIA (IIA), and Enzyme IIB (IIB)) as well as the integral membrane sugar permease (IIC).^{[3] [4]} The PTS Enzyme II complexes are derived from independently evolving 4 PTS Enzyme II complex superfamilies, that include the (1) Glucose (Glc),(2) Mannose (Man), (3) Ascorbate-Galactitol (Asc-Gat) and (4) Dihydroxyacetone (Dha) superfamilies.

The four families that make up the PTS-GFL superfamily include:

• 4.A.5 – The PTS Galactitol (Glc) Family
• 4.A.7 – The PTS L-Ascorbate (L-Asc) Family

See also

• Phosphotransferases system

Further reading

• "TCDB - PTS-AG Superfamily". www.tcdb.org.
• Chang AB, Lin R, Keith Studley W, Tran CV, Saier MH . Phylogeny as a guide to structure and function of membrane transport proteins . Molecular Membrane Biology . 2004 . 21 . 3 . 171–81 . 10.1080/09687680410001720830 . 15204625 .

Notes and References

1. Chen JS, Reddy V, Chen JH, Shlykov MA, Zheng WH, Cho J, Yen MR, Saier MH . Phylogenetic characterization of transport protein superfamilies: superiority of SuperfamilyTree programs over those based on multiple alignments . Journal of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology . 21 . 3–4 . 83–96 . 2012-01-01 . 22286036 . 3290041 . 10.1159/000334611 .
2. Nguyen TX, Yen MR, Barabote RD, Saier MH . Topological predictions for integral membrane permeases of the phosphoenolpyruvate:sugar phosphotransferase system . Journal of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology . 11 . 6 . 345–60 . 2006-01-01 . 17114898 . 10.1159/000095636 .
3. Luo P, Yu X, Wang W, Fan S, Li X, Wang J . Crystal structure of a phosphorylation-coupled vitamin C transporter . Nature Structural & Molecular Biology . 22 . 3 . 238–41 . March 2015 . 25686089 . 10.1038/nsmb.2975 .
4. Luo P, Dai S, Zeng J, Duan J, Shi H, Wang J . Inward-facing conformation of l-ascorbate transporter suggests an elevator mechanism . Cell Discovery . 4 . 35 . 2018 . 30038796 . 6048161 . 10.1038/s41421-018-0037-y .