| Religion: | Hinduism |
| Author: | Tirumangai Alvar |
| Language: | Tamil |
| Caption: | 18th century painting of Rama and Sita in exile. National Museum, New Delhi. |
| Verses: | 78 |
| Period: | 9th–10th century CE |
| Periya Tirumatal | |
| Previous: | Ciriya Tirumatal |
| Next: | Tiruvaymoli |
The Periya Tirumatal is a Tamil Hindu work of literature written by Tirumangai Alvar, one of the twelve Alvars of Sri Vaishnavism.[1] The work is a part of the compendium of hymns called the Nalayira Divya Prabandham.[2] The Periya Tirumatal consists of 78 hymns, referred to as pasurams.[3]
Along with its companion poem called the Ciriya Tirumatal, the Periya Tirumatal employs a poetic device from Sangam literature called the maṭal. This referred to an ancient Tamil custom through which a lovesick man attempted to win the heart of his beloved by refusing food and drink, bathing, sleep, and other daily activities, and wandering the streets while singing about the woman he loved. As a last resort, the man expressed his willingness to take his own life in the presence of his beloved. The custom was romanticised, and hence traditionally ended with the woman being moved by the devotion of the man, and agreeing to marry him. In this work, Tirumangai Alvar assumes the role of a gopika, a milk-maid lover of Krishna, and performs a maṭal to win the deity's heart. By doing so, he breaks the convention of women not being allowed to perform the custom, citing his adherence to the northern Sanskrit school of Sri Vaishnavism as opposed to the southern Tamil school.[4] [5]
A stanza of the Periya Tirumatal describes the legend of Rama, and his exile with his wife, Sita:[6]