DECtalk explained

DECtalk
Developer:	Digital Equipment Corporation
Type:	speech synthesizer, text-to-speech
Releasedate:	^[1] ^[2]
Price:	DTC01 ^[3]
Connectivity:	RS-232C serial interface
Platform:	OpenVMS, ULTRIX, Digital UNIX, Windows NT
Dimensions:	(DTC01 = W 45.7 cm x D 30.48 cm x H 10.16 cm (18in x 12in x 4in))
Weight:	(DTC01 = 7.2 kg (16 lbs))

DECtalk^[4] was a speech synthesizer and text-to-speech technology developed by Digital Equipment Corporation in 1983, based largely on the work of Dennis Klatt at MIT, whose source-filter algorithm was variously known as KlattTalk or MITalk.^[5]

Uses ranged from interacting with the public to allowing those with speech disabilities to verbalize, include giving a public speech.^{[6] [7]}

History

Announced December 1983, a trickle came February 1984; larger DECtalk quantities were delivered in March.^[8]

They were standalone units that connected to any device with an asynchronous serial port. These units were also able to connect to the telephone system by having two telephone jacks. One connected to a phone line, the other to a telephone. The DECtalk units could recognize and generate any telephone touch tone. With that capability the units could be used to automate various telephone-related tasks by handling both incoming and outgoing calls. This included acting as an interface to an email system and the capability to function as an alerting system by utilizing the ability to place calls and interact via touch tones with the person answering the phone.

Later units were produced for PCs with ISA bus slots. In addition, various software implementations were produced, most notably the DECtalk Access32. Such implementations began as explorations into real-time software synthesis on general purpose CPUs,^[9] subsequently delivering a DECtalk Software product for Digital Unix and for Windows NT on Alpha and Intel processors.^[10] Certain versions of the synthesizer were prone to undesirable characteristics. For example, the alveolar stops were often assimilated as sounding more like dental stops. Also, versions such as Access32 would produce faint electronic beeps at the end of phrases.

In the final years, early/mid-2000,^[11] the DECtalk IP was sold to Force Computers, Inc. In December 2001, the IP was sold^[12] from Force Computers, Inc, to Fonix Speech, Inc. (now SpeechFX, Inc.), which offers DECtalk as a small-footprint TTS system and in a computer program form.^[13]

Features

The New York Times wrote: "like a scratchy recording of a person with a lisp" but added "usually understandable."^[4]

DECtalk had a number of built-in voices which were identified by the following names: Perfect Paul (the default voice), Beautiful Betty, Huge Harry, Frail Frank, Kit the Kid, Rough Rita, Uppity Ursula, Doctor Dennis and Whispering Wendy. Each of the voices were editable by adjusting various parameters (such as throat size, crossover frequencies, etc.).DECtalk understood phonetic spellings of words, allowing customized pronunciation of unusual words. These phonetic spellings could also include a pitch and duration notation which DECtalk would use when enunciating the phonetic components. This allowed DECtalk to sing.

Uses

• The DECtalk engine was notably used in the US National Weather Service's first "Console Replacement System" (CRS) installations in the late 1990s for NOAA Weather Radio. it had all but been replaced by a far more modern engine called Speechify from SpeechWorks (not to be confused with the iOS app of the same name).^[14] DECtalk's Perfect Paul preset voiced station identifications on many NWR stations until the CRS was replaced by a new system, called the "Broadcast Message Handler" (BMH), in 2016.^[15]
• Huge Harry is predominantly used in ATIS messages for most airports providing such information including prevailing weather conditions.
• One of the early uses was a "text to voice" system that read an individual's emergency medical information (medications, allergies, doctor, insurance and contact info stored in a database) to hospitals telephoning in about patients presenting at emergency rooms. The company, Med-Fax, created by David Grober in 1986, used the DECtalk on an IBM platform, making it one of the early cross platform applications (DEC to IBM).
• DECtalk can be used as part of a speech generating device for those unable to speak. A notable user was Stephen Hawking, who was unable to speak due to a combination of severe disabilities caused by ALS as well as an emergency tracheotomy.^[16] Hawking used a version of the DECtalk voice synthesizer for several years^[17] and came to be associated with the unique voice of the device. In 2011, Hawking's research assistant Sam Blackburn said Hawking still used a version of DECtalk identified on its board as the "Calltext 5010" manufactured in 1988 by SpeechPlus, Inc.,^[18] because he identified with it and had not heard a voice he liked better. The CallText 5010 was still listed on Hawking's site .^[19] A team from Cambridge (UK) and Palo Alto eventually emulated the workings of the CallText 5010 on a Raspberry Pi, which Hawking used from January 2018 to his death in March of that year.^[20]

In popular culture

• The character "Dee Klatt" from Chipspeech was based on data from this device.^[21]
• In the sixth episode of Tales from the Darkside, Mookie and Pookie, the voice of Kevin "Mookie" Anderson is created with a DECtalk.
• The video game Moonbase Alpha uses a software version of DECTalk for chat text. Several viral videos were created showcasing users using the chat in a nonsensical manner and using its ability to sing songs.
• The experimental rock band The Space Negros uses DECTalk in their 1986 song "Robot."
• DECTalk was used in the song "Music Non Stop" by the band Kraftwerk. (Released 1986) It was edited and recorded by Florian Schneider and Karl Bartos at Kling Klang Studio Düsseldorf.^[22]
• DECTalk's built in "Perfect Paul" voice has been ported to the freeware singing voice synthesizer UTAU by the user UtaUtaUtau.^[23]

External links

• —modern builds for the DECtalk text-to-speech application
• Klatt's Last Tapes - History of Speech Synthesis . BBC Radio 4 program . voice with slides . (see also: full transcript, archive link)
• OpenVMS Notes: DECtalk Model numbers.
• NMAH: Smithsonian Speech Synthesis History Project: A Brief History of DECtalk

Notes and References

1. https://books.google.com/books?id=ey4EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA21 DECtalk lets micros read messages over phone
2. https://books.google.com/books?id=iwX8vVdMAckC&pg=PA39 Advertisement:We just turned every touch-tone phone into a financial clearinghouse.
3. https://books.google.com/books?id=K-xYGYcetx4C&pg=RA1-PA71&q=%22DECtalk%22 Advertisement: INTRODUCING DECTALK THE REVOLUTIONARY NEW TERMINAL THAT LETS YOUR COMPUTER SPEAK FOR ITSELF.
4. News: . Technology; Audiotex: Data By Telephone . Andrew Pollack . January 5, 1984.
5. https://books.google.com/books?id=f2_sPyfVG3AC&pg=PA42 Computer talk: amazing new realism in synthetic speech
6. News: . Technology; A Wider Work Force by Computer . the audience heard the DECtalk, voicing words that the educator typed into his computer. . Glenn Rifkin . December 16, 1990.
7. News: The New York Times. The Neediest Cases; Battling Federal Bureaucracy To Have His Benefits Restored. Kari Haskell . December 12, 2002.
8. . February 1984 . 84–85. DECtalk Speaks into the Future . Brian J. Edwards.
9. Are DSP Chips Obsolete? . Digital Equipment Corporation . Stewart . Lawrence C. . Payne . Andrew C. . Levergood . Thomas M. . 16 November 1992 . 23 March 2024 .
10. DECtalk Software: Text-to-Speech Technology and Implementation . Digital Technical Journal . Digital Equipment Corporation . Hallahan . William I. . 1995 . 23 March 2024 . 7 . 4 . 5–19 .
11. News: Linux Today. AllLinuxDevices: Force to Support Linux On DECtalk TTS For Strongarm and Intel Devices. October 26, 2000. 2012-09-16. May 18, 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140518180516/http://www.linuxtoday.com/infrastructure/2000102600720PREM. dead.
12. News: Deseret News . September 16, 2012 . Fonix acquires DECtalk from Force Computers . 2012-09-16.
13. Web site: SpeechFX, Inc.. SpeechFX Text to Speech Solutions, FonixTalk, DecTalk. 2021-04-19. 2023-10-08. April 19, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210419152313/http://www.speechfxinc.com/text-to-speech.html. bot: unknown.
14. Web site: Voices Used in NOAA Weather Radio. https://web.archive.org/web/20080206061120/http://nws.noaa.gov/nwr/newvoice.htm. dead. 2008-02-06.
15. Web site: New NOAA Weather Radio Management Platform is Coming Soon. US Department of Commerce. NOAA. www.weather.gov. EN-US. 2019-05-05.
16. Web site: Hawking . Stephen . Stephen Hawking and ALS . 2009-08-10 . April 26, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210426062728/http://www.chninternational.com/stephen_hawking_and_als.htm . dead . (Originally published as: Web site: Hawking . Stephen . Disability - my experience with ALS . hawking.org.uk . https://web.archive.org/web/20000614043350/http://www.hawking.org.uk/disable/disable.html . 2000-06-14 .)
17. Web site: Greenemeier . Larry . Getting Back the Gift of Gab: NexGen Handheld Computers Allow the Mute to Converse . Scientific American . 2009-08-10 . 2009-08-10.
18. Web site: Lange . Catherine de . The man who saves Stephen Hawking's voice . New Scientist . 2011-12-30 . 2013-06-09.
19. Web site: Hawking . Stephen . The Computer . hawking.org.uk . 2015-03-01.
20. Web site: Fagone . Jason . The quest to save Stephen Hawking's voice . sfchronicle.com . March 18, 2018 . 2018-03-20.
21. Web site: Plogue - chipspeech :: Vintage speech synthesizer . PLOGUE - Music Software - Developers . 2016-04-27.
22. [Karl Bartos]
23. Web site: El Rincon del UtaUtaUtau . 2022-10-16 . utautautau.neocities.org.