Pentedrone Explained

Pentedrone (also known as α-methylaminovalerophenone) is a stimulant of the cathinone class that has been sold as a designer drug and has been found since 2010 as an ingredient in a number of "bath salt" mixes sold as legal highs.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7]

Pharmacology

Pentedrone acts as a norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor without causing their release, the same mechanism of action as methylphenidate.[8] [9]

Side effects

Pentedrone has been linked to at least one death where it was combined with α-PVP and caused heart failure.[10]

Detection

A forensic standard of pentedrone is available, and the compound has been posted on the Forendex website of potential drugs of abuse.[11]

Legal status

On January 28, 2014, the DEA listed it, along with nine other synthetic cathinones, on the Schedule 1 with a temporary ban, effective February 27, 2014.[12]

Pentedrone is an Anlage II controlled drug in Germany.

As of October 2015 Pentedrone is a controlled substance in China.[13]

Pentedrone is banned in the Czech Republic.[14]

Pentedrone is banned in the Slovak Republic.[15]

See also

Notes and References

  1. Web site: EMCDDA Annual Report 2010 . 2011-10-15 . 2012-03-14 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120314043454/http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/attachements.cfm/att_132857_EN_EMCDDA-Europol%20Annual%20Report%202010A.pdf . dead .
  2. http://www.drugs.ie/features/feature/research_on_head_shop_drugs_in_dublin_part_2 Research on Head Shop drugs in Dublin: Part 2
  3. http://www.dit.ie/cser/media/ditcser/documents/Head_Report2011_overview.pdf An overview of new psychoactive substances and the outlets supplying them
  4. Westphal F, Junge T, Girreser U, Greibl W, Doering C . Mass, NMR and IR spectroscopic characterization of pentedrone and pentylone and identification of their isocathinone by-products . Forensic Science International . 217 . 1–3 . 157–67 . April 2012 . 22115724 . 10.1016/j.forsciint.2011.10.045 .
  5. Maheux CR, Copeland CR . Chemical analysis of two new designer drugs: buphedrone and pentedrone . Drug Testing and Analysis . 4 . 1 . 17–23 . January 2012 . 22113925 . 10.1002/dta.385 . 3250022 .
  6. Poklis JL, Wolf CE, ElJordi OI, Liu K, Zhang S, Poklis A . Analysis of the first- and second-generation Raving Dragon Novelty Bath Salts containing methylone and pentedrone . Journal of Forensic Sciences . 60 Suppl 1 . 11 . S234–40 . January 2015 . 25470207 . 10.1111/1556-4029.12629 . 38295463 .
  7. Zancajo VM, Brito J, Carrasco MP, Bronze MR, Moreira R, Lopes A . Analytical profiles of "legal highs" containing cathinones available in the area of Lisbon, Portugal . Forensic Science International . 244 . 102–10 . November 2014 . 25240621 . 10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.08.010 . 10400.26/7695 . free .
  8. Simmler LD, Rickli A, Hoener MC, Liechti ME . Monoamine transporter and receptor interaction profiles of a new series of designer cathinones . Neuropharmacology . 79 . 152–60 . April 2014 . 24275046 . 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.11.008 . 25259854 .
  9. Hwang JY, Kim JS, Oh JH, Hong SI, Ma SX, Jung YH, Ko YH, Lee SY, Kim HC, Jang CG . The new stimulant designer compound pentedrone exhibits rewarding properties and affects dopaminergic activity . Addiction Biology . 22 . 1 . 117–128 . January 2017 . 26290055 . 10.1111/adb.12299 . 23807079 .
  10. Sykutera M, Cychowska M, Bloch-Boguslawska E . A Fatal Case of Pentedrone and α-Pyrrolidinovalerophenone Poisoning . Journal of Analytical Toxicology . 39 . 4 . 324–9 . May 2015 . 25737339 . 10.1093/jat/bkv011 .
  11. Web site: Pentedrone . Southern Association of Forensic Scientists . 8 September 2015.
  12. Web site: Temporary Placement of 10 Synthetic Cathinones into Schedule I . 28 January 2014 . 16 February 2014 . 17 October 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20161017130614/https://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/fed_regs/rules/2014/fr0128.htm . dead .
  13. Web site: 关于印发《非药用类麻醉药品和精神药品列管办法》的通知 . China Food and Drug Administration . 27 September 2015 . Chinese . 1 October 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20151001222554/http://www.sfda.gov.cn/WS01/CL0056/130753.html . 1 October 2015 . dead .
  14. Web site: Látky, o které byl doplněn seznam č. 4 psychotropních látek (příloha č. 4 k nařízení vlády č. 463/2013 Sb.) . Ministerstvo zdravotnictví . Czech . 2016-02-06 . 2016-03-09 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160309174659/http://www.mzcr.cz/Admin/_upload/files/3/Nov%C3%A9%20PL.pdf . dead .
  15. Web site: Zoznam omamných látok a psychotropných látok zaradených do I., II. A III. skupiny (ochrana pred omamnými látkami) Lewik . 2024-06-19 . www.lewik.org.

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