Pentane (data page) explained

This page provides supplementary chemical data on n-pentane.

Material Safety Data Sheet

The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. It is highly recommend that you seek the Material Safety Datasheet (MSDS) for this chemical from a reliable source such as eChemPortal, and follow its directions.

• Mallinckrodt Baker.

Structure and properties

	Structure and properties
Index of refraction,^[1] nD	1.3575 at 20 °C
Abbe number	?
Dielectric constant,^[2] εr	1.844 ε0 at 20 °C
Bond strength	?
Bond length	?
Bond angle	?
Magnetic susceptibility	?
Surface tension^[3]	18.16 dyn/cm at 0 °C 17.03 dyn/cm at 10 °C 15.82 dyn/cm at 20 °C 14.73 dyn/cm at 30 °C 13.66 dyn/cm at 40 °C
Viscosity^[4]	0.2894 mPa·s at 0 °C 0.2395 mPa·s at 20 °C 0.2200 mPa·s at 30 °C

Thermodynamic properties

	Phase behavior
Triple point	143.46 K (–128.69 °C), 0.076 Pa
Critical point	469.8 K (196.7 °C), 3360 kPa
Std enthalpy change of fusion, ΔfusH^o	8.4 kJ/mol
Std entropy change of fusion, ΔfusS^o	58.5 J/(mol·K)
Std enthalpy change of vaporization, ΔvapH^o	26.200 kJ/mol at 25 °C 25.79 kJ/mol at 36.1 °C
Std entropy change of vaporization, ΔvapS^o	87.88 J/(mol·K) at 25 °C
	Solid properties
Std enthalpy change of formation, ΔfH^osolid	? kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy, S^osolid	? J/(mol K)
Heat capacity, cp	? J/(mol K)
	Liquid properties
Std enthalpy change of formation, ΔfH^oliquid	–173.5 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy, S^oliquid	263.47 J/(mol K)
Enthalpy of combustion, ΔcH^oliquid	–3509 kJ/mol
Heat capacity, cp	167.19 J/(mol K) at 25 °C
	Gas properties
Std enthalpy change of formation, ΔfH^ogas	–146.8 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy, S^ogas	347.82 J/(mol K)
Enthalpy of combustion, ΔcH^ogas	–3535 kJ/mol
Heat capacity, cp	120.07 J/(mol K) at 25 °C

Vapor pressure of liquid

	P in mm Hg	1	10	40	100	400	760	1520	3800	7600	15200	30400	45600
	T in °C	–76.6	–50.1	–29.2	–12.6	18.5	36.1	58.0	92.4	124.7	164.3	—	—

Table data obtained from CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 47th ed.

Spectral data

	UV-Vis
λmax	? nm
Extinction coefficient, ε	?
	IR
Major absorption bands	2881, 2940, 2965 cm^−1 ^[5]
	NMR
Other NMR data
	MS
Masses of main fragments

References

1. Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. pp. 1234–1237
2. Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. pp. 1289–1376
3. Web site: Viscosity and Surface Tension of Saturated n-Pentane. A.P. Fröba. L. Penedo Pellegrino. A. Leipertz. amp. 30 May 2007. National Institute of Standards and Technology (15th Symposium on Thermophysical Properties). June 2003. https://web.archive.org/web/20061009144759/http://symp15.nist.gov/pdf/p217.pdf. 9 October 2006. dead.
4. Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. pp. 1669–1674
5. Klingbeil. Adam E.. Jeffries. Jay B.. Hanson. Ronald K.. Temperature-dependent mid-IR absorption spectra of gaseous hydrocarbons. Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer. en. 107. 3. 407–420. 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2007.03.004. 2007.

• NIST Standard Reference Database. 1997 . 10.18434/T4D303 . Linstrom . Peter . National Institute of Standards and Technology .