Pemphis acidula explained

Pemphis acidula, commonly known as bantigue (pron.) or mentigi,[1] [2] [3] is a species of flowering plant in the family Lythraceae. It is the only species in the genus Pemphis.[4]

It is found growing in sandy and calcareous soils in littoral zones, rocky shores and mangroves throughout most of the tropical Indo-Pacific.[3]

Botany

The mentigi is a stocky bush that grows up to 25feet high with dense and twisted branches. Its greyish leaves are small but thick and hairy.[3] [5]

Its flowers are small and not fragrant, each has six delicate white petals and come from stalks 5–15 mm long.[2] [5]

Uses

The wood of this species has been traditionally valued in many cultures for it is hard and heavy, as well as resistant to rot and warping. It also has naturally a fine finish and may be fashioned into walking canes, fence posts, tool handles, and even anchors. In Réunion and Mauritius it is known as bois matelot.[6] In the Maldives this hardy wood was used in traditional shipbuilding to hold the planks of the hull together, as well as to fashion "nails" in local sorcery.[7]

Pemphis acidula is also one of the plant species used in bonsai. Due to its tropical preference and typhoon-resistance, it is the most common species for bonsai in the Philippines; but it is also grown as bonsai in Taiwan and the Ryukyu Islands of Japan.[1] [8] Due to its popularity and high value among bonsai enthusiasts, it is among the list of species classified as 'threatened' by the Department of Environment and Natural Resources of the Philippines. The collection, selling, and transport of wild Pemphis acidula is illegal in the Philippines and punishable by fines and imprisonment of up to six years.[9] [10]

In Marovo Island, Tonga, Tahiti, and other South Pacific islands, it is used to make wooden tools such as pestles, tool handles, weapons, and combs.[11]

In Taiwan's Kenting National Park illegal picking has had a negative impact on the coastal ecosystem.[12]

See also

Notes and References

  1. News: Enriquez . Marge C. . The Philippine 'bantigue' still rules the bonsai scene. Lifestyle . . 13 September 2020.
  2. Web site: Tan . Ria . Mentigi . Wild Fact Sheets . Wild Singapore . 13 September 2020.
  3. Corner . E. J. H. . E. J. H. Corner . 1997 . Wayside Trees of Malaya . 4th . 431 . . I .
  4. Web site: Pemphis J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. . 2013 . World Flora Online . World Flora Consortium . 2 September 2023.
  5. de Wilde . W.J.J.O. . Duyfjes . B.E.E. . Lythraceae . 2016 . Flora Malesiana . 22 . 1–64 . Naturalis Institutional Repository.
  6. xycol.net Pemphis acidula J.R. Forst., 1775 - Nom pilote : miki miki
  7. [Xavier Romero-Frias]
  8. Web site: Yap . Julio . Proper maintenance and care for bonsai . Agriculture Monthly . 13 September 2020 . 2 September 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230902010720/https://www.agriculture.com.ph/2019/07/26/proper-maintenance-and-care-for-bonsai/ . dead .
  9. Web site: P300T worth of threatened PH plant seized . Panay News . September 2018 . 13 September 2020.
  10. Web site: DENR seizes P300K worth of threatened plant species . Department of Environment and Natural Resources . Republic of the Philippines . 13 September 2020 .
  11. Pawley, Andrew; Osmond, Meredith (eds). 2008. The lexicon of Proto Oceanic: The culture and environment of ancestral Oceanic society. Volume 3: Plants . Pacific Linguistics 599. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics, Australian National University.
  12. Web site: Tzu-hsuan . Liu . Illegal picking of reef pemphis raises concern in Kenting . taipeitimes.com . 30 April 2022 . Taipei Times . 30 April 2022.