Pellotine Explained

Pellotine is an alkaloid found in Lophophora species, in particular L. diffusa.[1] [2] Pellotine is slightly narcotic, and has been used by Native Americans as a constituent of peyote for sacramental purposes.[3]

Psychological and physiological effects

8-10 mg of isolated pellotine is known to cause convulsions in frogs.[4] When injected subcutaneously to humans, participants have reported drowsiness and a desire not to exert any physical or mental effort with one study reporting it to have hypnotic effects. It is also reported to lower blood pressure and heart rate.

Ancient use

Native inhabitants of north-eastern Mexico around 810–1070 CE (according to carbon dating) are thought to have used a number of "mescal buttons" (peyote plant material) containing mescaline, pellotine, and other related alkaloids. While it is known that the cytisine-containing "mescal beans" were at least ornamental, it is unclear whether "mescal buttons" were ornamental or used for their psychoactive effects.[5]

See also

Notes and References

  1. 647075. 1978. Gabermann. V. Estimation of mescaline and pellotine in Lophophora coulter plants (Cactaceae) by means of the oscillographic polarography. 43. 2. 246–51. Biokhimiia (Moscow, Russia).
  2. Chan . Camilla B. . Poulie . Christian B. M. . Wismann . Simon S. . Soelberg . Jens . Kristensen . Jesper L. . The Alkaloids from Lophophora diffusa and Other "False Peyotes" . Journal of Natural Products . 27 August 2021 . 84 . 8 . 2398–2407 . 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c00381. 34264089 . 235907705 .
  3. The American Indian Church and its sacramental use of peyote: A review for professionals in the mental-health arena. Mental Health, Religion & Culture. 8. 4. 277–290. Jones. Peter. 2007. 10.1080/13674670412331304348. 144932041.
  4. Heffter . Arthur . Ueber Pellote . Archiv für Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie . 1894 . 34 . 1–2 . 65–86 . 10.1007/bf01864855 . 28789116 .
  5. El-Seedi. Hesham R.. Smet. Peter A. G. M. De. Beck. Olof. Possnert. Göran. Bruhn. Jan G.. 2005-10-03. Prehistoric peyote use: Alkaloid analysis and radiocarbon dating of archaeological specimens of Lophophora from Texas. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 101. 1. 238–242. 10.1016/j.jep.2005.04.022. 15990261. 0378-8741.

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