Pekada Explained

Pekada (Sinhala; Sinhalese: පේකඩ), or pekadaya, are the decorative wooden pillar heads/brackets at the top of a stone or wooden column (or a pilaster), known as kapa, supporting a beam or dandu. It is a unique feature of Kandyan architecture.[1]

The pekada is a cubic intermediate structural element in joinery and the interface between a beam and a column, which transfers the load from the roof to the ground. It is a separately carvedcapital or bracket which intervenes between a pillar and a beam which it is to carry.[2] The pekada is made of two pieces, fitting together, and when these are crossed together, the four faced bracket is completed; the top of the pillar itself is mortised into the bracket through the centre of the parts crossed.[3] This form of arrangement allows a certain amount of flexibility whilst maintaining the structural stability of the beam and pillar. Pekada provides a method of transferring lateral as well as vertical loads of beams (especially when they cross at right angles) to pillars without inducing high local stresses at the connection points.[2]

Pekadas date from the Gampola period (1341-1415) but were more predominantly used during the Kandyan period (1591–1815).[4] [5]

Pekadas can be still seen clearly in Ambalama (wayside rest structures), the Magul Maduwa or Royal Audience Hall in Kandy and the Embekka Devalaya (built during the reign of King Rajadhi Rajasingha).[6] [7] [8] They are designed to be viewed from below and feature traditional pendant (inverted) lotus or binara mala motifs,[9] often with the figure of a dancer in the downward face of the flower or a bird in place of the petals.[10] Pekadas have also been used on more modern buildings such as the Trinity College Chapel, where they have been carved out of Gummalu, a local hardwood[11] [12] and the Lake House building, where they are constructed out of concrete.[13]

See also

Further reading

External links

Notes and References

  1. Book: Dela, Thomas. Spolia Zeylanica. 29-30. The Pedaka - A unique feature of Kandyan Architecture. National Museums of Sri Lanka, Colombo Museum. 1903. 283-287.
  2. Engineer: Journal of the Institution of Engineers, Sri Lanka. Historical Timber Structures in Sri Lanka: A Review on Pekada, Kenimandala and Madolkurupawa. Chandana, Jayawardana. K. Peiris. S. Wijesinghe. 2015. 47. 63.
  3. Book: Coomaraswamy, Ananda. Mediaeval Sinhalese Art. Pantheon Books Inc.. New York. 1979. 130.
  4. Book: Wijesekera, Nandadeva. Archaeological Department Centenary (1890-1990). 3. Department of Archaeology, Sri Lanka. 1990. 92.
  5. Book: Colonial Modernities: Building, Dwelling and Architecture in British India and Ceylon. Scriver, Peter. Prakash, Vikramaditya. Routledge. 2007. 206–207. 9781134150267.
  6. International Journal of Environmental Science and Development. 11. 6. June 2020. Unleashing the Potentials of Traditional Construction Technique in Bio-climatic Building Designs: A Case of Ambalam, Sri Lanka. Mendis, S. Malsha. Malthi Rajapaksha, Malthi. Halwatura, Rangika U.. 299.
  7. Book: Great Royal Artificer of the Kandyan Kingdom – Devendra Mulachari. Waidyasekera, D. D. M. . 2017. Stamford Lake. 134.
  8. Book: T. N. Wynne-Jones. The Independent Hall Freedom Sq., Colombo and Some Notes on Examples of the Solution of the Problem involved in the Structural Design of the Roof of the Audience Hall type Buildings. The Institution of Engineers, Ceylon. 1954. 25-40.
  9. Gnanaharsha, Beligatamulla. Nipuni, Siyambalapitiya. 2016. Preaching Identity: Cultural Meaning of Furniture in Religious Contexts in Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka Design Journal. 1. 16-34.
  10. Encyclopedia: Wood Carving and Wooden Architecture of Sri Lanka. Craft Revival Trust. Encyclopedia of Intangible Culture Heritage. 2 November 2020.
  11. Web site: Coats of Arms on the pillars of the Holy Trinity Chapel. Sheshan. Abeysekara. Trinity College, Kandy. 7 November 2017. 2 November 2020.
  12. Web site: Built On Faith: The Holy Trinity Church. Keshini. de Silva. Explore Sri Lanka. September 2016. 2 November 2020.
  13. News: Icon of Nationalism. The Daily News. 3 January 2018. Ishara. Jayawardane. 2 November 2020.

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