| Pedro Gual | |
| Order: | President of Venezuela |
| Term Start: | 15 March 1858 |
| Term End: | 18 March 1858 |
| Predecessor: | José Tadeo Monagas |
| Successor: | Julián Castro |
| Order2: | President of Venezuela |
| Term Start2: | 2 August 1859 |
| Term End2: | 29 September 1859 |
| Predecessor2: | Julián Castro |
| Successor2: | Manuel Felipe de Tovar |
| Order3: | President of Venezuela |
| Term Start3: | 20 May 1861 |
| Term End3: | 29 August 1861 |
| Predecessor3: | Manuel Felipe de Tovar |
| Successor3: | José Antonio Páez |
| Order4: | 1st |
| Office4: | Secretary of Foreign Affairs of Colombia |
| Term Start4: | 7 October 1821 |
| Term End4: | 17 September 1825 |
| Predecessor4: |
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| Successor4: | José Rafael Revenga y Hernández |
| President4: | Simón Bolívar |
| Birth Date: | 1783 1, df=yes |
| Birth Place: | Caracas, Venezuela |
| Death Place: | Guayaquil, Ecuador |
| Signature: | Pedro Gual Signature.svg |
| Spouse: | Rosa María Domínguez |
| Party: | Conservative Party |
Pedro José Ramón Gual Escandón (17 January 1783 – 6 May 1862), was a Venezuelan lawyer, politician, journalist and diplomat.
During the Venezuelan War of Independence he came to the United States to buy weapons for the Patriots. In 1815 he came to stay in the home of Manuel Torres. With Torres and other agents he helped organize General Francisco Xavier Mina's ill-fated expedition to Mexico, with Gual acting as Mina's press agent. Gual was one of the men who signed Gregor MacGregor's commission to invade Spanish Florida thru Amelia Island in 1817, which offended President James Monroe's administration; thereafter he left the U.S.
In 1824 as chancellor of Great Colombia he negotiated with the U.S. diplomat Richard Clough Anderson Jr. and concluded the Anderson–Gual Treaty, the first bilateral treaty that the U.S. signed with another American state. He was the president of Venezuela for three periods (1858, 1859, and 1861) and a member of the Conservative Centralist party.