Pedro Callisaya Explained

Pedro Callisaya
Order:6th
Office:Ombudsman of Bolivia
Term Start:27 September 2022
Predecessor:Nadia Cruz (acting)
Birth Name:Pedro Francisco Callisaya Aro
Birth Date:10 October 1966
Birth Place:La Paz, Bolivia
Party:Independent
Alma Mater:Higher University of San Andrés
Simón Bolívar Andean University
Signature:(Signature) Pedro Callisaya.svg

Pedro Francisco Callisaya Aro (born 10 October 1966) is a Bolivian academic, constitutional lawyer, and jurist serving as the sixth ombudsman of Bolivia since 2022. Callisaya developed his career in academic circles, completing multiple graduate and postgraduate courses in the fields of constitutional law and human rights. After exercising a couple of minor public posts in the late 1990s, Callisaya entered the Ombudsman's Office, where he worked for over a decade. He served for two terms on the Departmental Court of Justice of La Paz from 2012 to 2016 and 2017 to 2021.

In 2022, Callisaya registered his candidacy for the position of ombudsman and was among the group of seven finalists to hold the post. Over the course of four failed votes, Callisaya consolidated his position as the preferred candidate of the ruling Movement for Socialism. However, he remained unable to attain the necessary two-thirds to be elected to the position of ombudsman, with the parliamentary opposition viewing him as too closely aligned with the government. He was finally elected during the fifth round of voting, receiving the support of ninety-five ruling party legislators in a session marked by the absence of opposition parliamentarians. Given the fraught manner in which he was elected, Callisaya's tenure as ombudsman faced the task of recovering the office's credibility as an impartial institution after years of increased politicization.

Early life and career

An ethnic Aymara, Pedro Callisaya was born on 10 October 1966 in La Paz. He graduated as a lawyer from the Higher University of San Andrés before attending the Simón Bolívar Andean University, where he completed a master's in constitutional law specializing in human rights and criminal and civil procedure.[1] [2] After that, he undertook postgraduate studies abroad, attending the University of Alcalá in Madrid, Spain, where he completed courses in democracy, rule of law, and human rights.[3] Additionally, he holds various diplomas in the fields of administrative law, interculturality and decolonization, and legal defense of the State, among others.[2] Callisaya studied pedagogy at the Simón Bolívar Superior Normal School, serving intermittently as a law professor at a variety of public and private institutions, including the Bolivian Catholic University, the Franz Tamayo Private University, and the Public University of El Alto.[4]

Callisaya spent much of his professional career as a minor public official in La Paz. He got his start as a legal secretary for the Fourth Labor and Social Security District Court, a position he held for two years. From 1999 to 2001, he served as a public defender for the Ministry of Justice before finally settling in the Ombudsman's Office during the administration of Ana María Romero. Callisaya exercised various roles and positions at the institution for over a decade, serving as head of direct management from 2002 to 2005 and director of the organization's La Paz office from 2006 to 2007. In 2010, he was appointed to head the body's Citizen Services Unit, a position he held until 2012, when he was replaced by Nadia Cruz.[1] [3] Shortly thereafter, Callisaya was sworn in as a magistrate on the Departmental Court of Justice of La Paz. He served for two terms between 2012 and 2016 and 2017 and 2021, taking a brief sabbatical to work as a human rights specialist for the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights from 2016 to 2017. Upon the conclusion of his second term, Callisaya continued to operate within the judiciary, presiding over the National Directorate of Real Rights from 2021 to 2022.[5]

Ombudsman of Bolivia

Election

See main article: 2022 Bolivian ombudsman election. With the process underway for the designation of a new ombudsman, Callisaya submitted his application for the position.[6] In an election dominated by prominent public figures and notable names,[7] Callisaya passed through the candidate evaluation phase with a relative low profile. By late April, he was among the group of seven finalists approved to be voted on by the Legislative Assembly.[8] He received the support of sixty-five legislators in the first round of voting, establishing him as the frontrunner to win the election. Nonetheless, he remained far short of the necessary two-thirds to attain the position,[9] with even the majority Movement for Socialism (MAS) initially divided between support for him and rival Porfirio Machado.[10] Though the MAS eventually coalesced around Callisaya by the third round,[11] the parliamentary opposition remained steadfast in its refusal to support his candidacy, considering him too closely aligned with the government.[12] A total of five failed votes passed before the MAS finally resorted to political maneuvering to push Callisaya through, electing him by a vote of ninety-five to none in a last-minute session in which most opposition legislators were unable to attend.[13]

Tenure

Callisaya's election was wracked with controversy, with observers of the process expressing unease regarding the increased co-option and politicization of the Ombudsman's Office as an institution.[14] Upon being sworn in on 27 September, Callisaya echoed such concerns, accepting that his administration faced the challenge of recovering the organization's credibility as a non-partisan institution.[15] This self-critical approach was met with hopeful optimism from some analysts, with activist Franco Albarracín commenting that Callisaya's statements were a "positive sign" that the new ombudsman would seek to be an impartial defender of human rights. Political analyst Gregorio Lanza remained more skeptical, stating that while "[Callisaya] differs in words from [those of his predecessor]", his response to ongoing crises would be the true test of his political independence.[16]

Electoral history

Year! style="background-color:#EAECF0;" rowspan=2
OfficePartyVotesResult.
Total%.
2022OmbudsmanNonpartisan9597.94%1st
Source: Plurinational Electoral Organ Electoral Atlas

Publications

External links

Notes and References

  1. News: Lizárraga . Paulo . 2022-09-23 . Pedro Callisaya: el jurista aymara que tras seis elecciones se hizo de la Defensoría . es . . La Paz . live . registration . 2022-11-05 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220927205731/https://www.paginasiete.bo/nacional/pedro-callisaya-el-jurista-aymara-que-tras-seis-elecciones-se-hizo-de-la-defensoria-GI4309778 . 2022-09-27.
  2. News: 2022-09-23 . ¿Quién es Pedro Callisaya, el candidato del MAS, designado Defensor del Pueblo? . es . . La Paz . live . 2022-11-05 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220928043751/https://www.noticiasfides.com/nacional/politica/quien-es-pedro-callisaya-el-candidato-del-mas-designado-defensor-del-pueblo-417938 . 2022-09-28.
  3. News: 2022-09-23 . ¿Quién es Pedro Callisaya, el nuevo defensor del pueblo? . es . . Sucre . live . 2022-11-05 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220924050705/https://correodelsur.com/politica/20220923_quien-es-pedro-callisaya-el-nuevo-defensor-del-pueblo.html . 2022-09-24.
  4. News: 2022-09-27 . Perfil profesional y trayectoria del nuevo Defensor del Pueblo, Pedro Francisco Callisaya Aro . es . . La Paz . live . 2022-11-05 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221105232043/https://abi.bo/index.php/noticias/politica/27740-perfil-profesional-y-trayectoria-del-nuevo-defensor-del-pueblo-pedro-francisco-callisaya-aro . 2022-11-05.
  5. News: 2022-09-24 . ¿Quién es el nuevo defensor del pueblo, Pedro Callisaya? . es . . Cochabamba . live . 2022-11-05 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220928125416/https://www.lostiempos.com/actualidad/pais/20220924/quien-es-nuevo-defensor-del-pueblo-pedro-callisaya . 2022-09-28.
  6. 1509922981581135883. SenadoBolivia. Nonagésimo séptimo postulación al cargo de Defensor del Pueblo. Chamber of Senators. Chamber of Senators (Bolivia). 2022-04-01. 2022-04-01. es. La Paz. https://web.archive.org/web/20220401155911/https://twitter.com/SenadoBolivia/status/1509922981581135883. 2022-04-01. live. no.
  7. News: Chuquimia . Marco Antonio . 2022-04-02 . 19 repitentes y figuras conocidas llenan las listas para Defensor del Pueblo . es . . Santa Cruz de la Sierra . live . registration . 2022-04-13 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220408085815/https://eldeber.com.bo/pais/19-repitentes-y-figuras-conocidas-llenan-las-listas-para-defensor-del-pueblo_273099 . 2022-04-08.
  8. News: 2022-04-28 . ¿Quiénes son los siete aspirantes finalistas a la Defensoría y cómo fue su entrevista? . . live . registration . 2022-05-02 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220430020803/https://www.paginasiete.bo/nacional/2022/4/28/quienes-son-los-siete-aspirantes-finalistas-la-defensoria-como-fue-su-entrevista-329786.html . 2022-04-30 . es.
  9. News: 2022-04-28 . ¿Quiénes son los siete aspirantes finalistas a la Defensoría y cómo fue su entrevista? . . live . registration . 2022-05-02 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220430020803/https://www.paginasiete.bo/nacional/2022/4/28/quienes-son-los-siete-aspirantes-finalistas-la-defensoria-como-fue-su-entrevista-329786.html . 2022-04-30 . es.
  10. News: 2022-05-07 . Votación para Defensor muestra división del MAS y peso de Arce . es . . La Paz . live . registration . 2022-05-29 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220530060817/https://www.paginasiete.bo/nacional/votacion-para-defensor-muestra-division-del-mas-y-peso-de-arce-XG2484990 . 2022-05-30.
  11. News: Alanoca . Jesús . 2022-05-12 . Defensor del Pueblo: MAS mantiene apoyo a Callisaya y prevé reinstalar sesión en las próximas horas . es . . Santa Cruz de la Sierra . live . registration . 2022-05-30 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220512155212/https://eldeber.com.bo/pais/defensor-del-pueblo-mas-mantiene-apoyo-a-callisaya-y-preve-reinstalar-sesion-en-las-proximas-horas_277732 . 2022-05-12.
  12. News: Staff writer . 2022-05-06 . Cossío es elegida como candidata a Defensoría del Pueblo por CC . es . . Oruro . live . 2022-05-29 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220506153354/https://lapatria.bo/2022/05/06/cossio-es-elegida-como-candidata-a-defensoria-del-pueblo-por-cc/ . 2022-05-06.
  13. News: 2022-09-23 . Eligen a Pedro Callisaya como Defensor del Pueblo, en medio de escándalo por cambio de orden del día y ausencias . es . ERBOL . La Paz . live . 2022-09-23 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220924003223/https://erbol.com.bo/nacional/eligen-pedro-callisaya-como-defensor-del-pueblo-en-medio-de-esc%C3%A1ndalo-por-cambio-de-orden . 2022-09-24.
  14. News: Chuquimia . Marco Antonio . 2022-09-23 . Veedores de selección del Defensor del Pueblo alertan sobre pérdida de legitimidad y credibilidad . es . . Santa Cruz de la Sierra . live . registration . 2022-11-06 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221010024814/https://eldeber.com.bo/pais/veedores-de-seleccion-del-defensor-del-pueblo-alertan-sobre-perdida-de-legitimidad-y-credibilidad_294038 . 2022-10-10.
  15. News: Atahuichi . Rubén . 2022-09-27 . Designado en la Asamblea, Pedro Callisaya Aro jura como nuevo Defensor del Pueblo . es . . La Paz . live . 2022-11-05 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221105071948/https://www.la-razon.com/nacional/2022/09/27/designado-en-la-asamblea-pedro-callisaya-aro-jura-como-nuevo-defensor-del-pueblo/ . 2022-11-05.
  16. News: Pérez Munguía . Juan . 2022-09-30 . En sus primeros días, Callisaya da tres señales para marcar diferencia con Cruz . es . . La Paz . live . registration . 2022-11-06 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220930112253/https://www.paginasiete.bo/nacional/en-sus-primeros-dias-callisaya-da-tres-senales-para-marcar-diferencia-con-cruz-MA4398835 . 2022-09-30.