List of mergers and acquisitions by Alphabet explained

Google is a computer software and a web search engine company that acquired, on average, more than one company per week in 2010 and 2011.[1] The table below is an incomplete list of acquisitions, with each acquisition listed being for the respective company in its entirety, unless otherwise specified. The acquisition date listed is the date of the agreement between Google and the acquisition subject. As Google is headquartered in the United States, acquisition is listed in US dollars. If the price of an acquisition is unlisted, then it is undisclosed. If the Google service that is derived from the acquired company is known, then it is also listed here. Google itself was re-organized into a subsidiary of a larger holding company known as Alphabet Inc. in 2015.

, Alphabet has acquired over 200 companies, with its largest acquisition being the purchase of Motorola Mobility, a mobile device manufacturing company, for $12.5 billion in 2012. Most of the firms acquired by Google are based in the United States, and, in turn, most of these are based in or around the San Francisco Bay Area. To date, Alphabet has divested itself of four[2] business units: Frommers, which was sold back to Arthur Frommer in April 2012;[3] SketchUp, which was sold to Trimble in April 2012,[4] Boston Dynamics in early 2016 and Google Radio Automation, which was sold to WideOrbit in 2009.[5]

Many Google products originated as services provided by companies that Google has since acquired. For example, Google's first acquisition was the Usenet company Deja News, and its services became Google Groups. Similarly, Google acquired Dodgeball, a social networking service company, and eventually replaced it with Google Latitude. Other acquisitions include web application company JotSpot, which became Google Sites; Voice over IP company GrandCentral, which became Google Voice; and video hosting service company Next New Networks, which became YouTube Next Lab and Audience Development Group. CEO Larry Page has explained that potential acquisition candidates must pass a sort of "toothbrush test": Are their products potentially useful once or twice a day, and do they improve your life?[6]

Following the acquisition of Israel-based startup Waze in June 2013, Google submitted a 10-Q filing with the Securities Exchange Commission (SEC) that revealed that the corporation spent $1.3 billion on acquisitions during the first half of 2013, with $966 million of that total going to Waze.[7]

Key acquisitions

In October 2006, Google announced that it had acquired the video-sharing site YouTube for $1.65 billion in Google stock,[8] [9] and the deal was finalized on November 13, 2006.[10] [11]

On April 13, 2007, Google reached an agreement to acquire DoubleClick for $3.1 billion, transferring to Google valuable relationships that DoubleClick had with Web publishers and advertising agencies.[12] The deal was approved despite anti-trust concerns raised by competitors Microsoft and AT&T.[13]

On August 15, 2011, Google made its largest-ever acquisition to date when it announced that it would acquire Motorola Mobility for $12.5 billion[14] [15] subject to approval from regulators in the United States and Europe. This purchase was made in part to help Google gain Motorola's considerable patent portfolio on mobile phones and wireless technologies, to help protect Google in its ongoing patent disputes with other companies,[16] mainly Apple and Microsoft,[17] and to allow it to continue to freely offer Android.[18] The merger was completed on May 22, 2012, after the approval of China.[19]

In June 2013, Google acquired Waze, a $966 million deal.[20] While Waze would remain an independent entity, its social features, such as its crowdsourced location platform, were reportedly valuable integrations between Waze and Google Maps, Google's own mapping service.[21]

On January 26, 2014, Google announced it had agreed to acquire DeepMind Technologies, a privately held artificial intelligence company from London. DeepMind describes itself as having the ability to combine the best techniques from machine learning and systems neuroscience to build general-purpose learning algorithms. DeepMind's first commercial applications were used in simulations, e-commerce and games. it was reported that DeepMind had roughly 75 employees.[22] Technology news website Recode reported that the company was purchased for $400 million though it was not disclosed where the information came from. A Google spokesman would not comment on the price.[23] [24] The purchase of DeepMind aids in Google's recent growth in the artificial intelligence and robotics community.[25]

List of mergers and acquisitions

NumberAcquisition dateCompanyBusinessCountryPrice (USD)Used as or integrated withRefs.
1DejaNewsUsenetGoogle Groups[26] [27] [28] [29]
2OutrideWeb search engineGoogle Personalized Search[30]
3Pyra LabsWeblog softwareBlogger[31]
4Neotonic SoftwareCustomer relationship managementGoogle Groups, Gmail[32]
5Applied SemanticsOnline advertising$AdSense, AdWords[33] [34] [35] [36] [37]
6KaltixWeb search engineGoogle Personalized Search[38]
7SprinksOnline advertisingAdSense, AdWords[39]
8Genius LabsBloggingBlogger[40]
9Ignite LogicHTML editorGoogle Sites[41]
10PicasaImage organizerPicasa, Blogger[42]
11ZipDashTraffic analysisGoogle Maps[43]
12Where2Map analysisGoogle Maps[44]
13KeyholeMap analysisGoogle Maps, Google Earth[45]
14Urchin Software CorporationWeb analyticsGoogle Analytics[46]
15DodgeballSocial networking serviceGoogle Latitude[47]
16Akwan Information TechnologiesSearch enginesInternet backbone[48]
17ReqwirelessMobile browserGoogle Mobile[49]
18AndroidMobile operating system$Android[50] [51]
19SkiaGraphics librarySkia[52]
20PhatbitsWidget engineGoogle Desktop[53]
21allPAYMobile softwareGoogle Mobile[54]
22bruNETMobile softwareGoogle Mobile
23dMarc BroadcastingAdvertising$AdSense[55]
24Measure MapWeblog softwareGoogle Analytics[56]
25UpstartleWord processorGoogle Docs[57]
26@Last Software3D modeling softwareGoogle Sketchup[58]
27OrionWeb search engineGoogle Search[59]
282Web TechnologiesOnline spreadsheetsGoogle Spreadsheet[60] [61]
29Neven Vision GermanyComputer visionPicasa, Google Goggles[62]
30YouTubeVideo sharing$1,650,000,000YouTube[63] [64]
31JotSpotWeb applicationGoogle Sites[65]
32EndoxonMapping$Google Maps[66]
33AdscapeIn-game advertising$AdSense[67]
34TrendalyzerStatistical softwareGoogle Analytics[68]
35CrusixSocial networking serviceYouTube
36Tonic SystemsPresentation programGoogle Docs[69]
37MarratechVideoconferencing$Google Talk, Google Hangouts[70]
38DoubleClickOnline advertising$3,100,000,000AdSense[71] [72] [73]
39GreenBorderComputer securityGoogle Chrome[74]
40PanoramioPhoto sharingPanoramio[75]
41FeedBurnerWeb feed$FeedBurner[76]
42PeakStreamParallel processingAndroid[77]
43ZenterPresentation programGoogle Docs[78]
44GrandCentralVoice over IP$Google Voice[79] [80]
45ImageAmericaAerial photographyGoogle Maps[81]
46PostiniCommunications security$Gmail[82]
47ZingkuSocial networking serviceGoogle Mobile[83]
48JaikuMicrobloggingGoogle Mobile[84]
49OmnisioOnline video$YouTube[85]
50TNCWeblog softwareBlogger[86]
51On2Video compression$WebM, YouTube[87]
52reCAPTCHASecurityGoogle Books, reCAPTCHA[88]
53AdMobMobile advertisingDoubleClick, Invite Media[89] [90] [91]
54Gizmo5Voice over IP$Google Talk, Google Hangouts[92]
55TeracentOnline advertisingAdSense[93]
56AppJetCollaborative real-time editorGoogle Wave, Google Docs[94]
57AardvarkSocial search$Aardvark[95]
58reMailEmail searchGmail[96]
59PicnikPhoto editingPicasa[97] [98]
60DocVerseMicrosoft Office files sharing site$Google Docs[99]
61EpisodicOnline video platform start-upYouTube[100]
62PlinkVisual search engineGoogle Goggles[101]
63AgniluxServer CPUsAndroid[102]
64LabPixiesGadgetsiGoogle, Android[103]
65BumpTopDesktop environment$Android[104]
66Global IP SolutionsVideo and audio compression$WebRTC[105] [106]
67Simplify MediaMusic streamingAndroid[107]
68Ruba.comTraveliGoogle[108]
69Invite MediaAdvertising$DoubleClick[109]
70MetawebSemantic searchGoogle Search[110]
71ZetawireMobile payment, NFCAndroid, Google Wallet, Google Checkout[111]
72InstantiationsJava/Eclipse/AJAX developer toolsGoogle Web Toolkit[112] [113]
73Slide.comSocial gaming$Google+, Orkut, Google Play[114]
74JamboolSocial Gold payment$Google+, Orkut[115]
75Like.comVisual search engine$Google Shopping[116] [117]
76AngstroSocial networking serviceGoogle, Google Alert[118]
77SocialDeckSocial gamingGoogle, Google+[119]
78QuikseeOnline video$Google Maps[120]
79PlannrSchedule managementGoogle+[121] [122]
80BlindTypeTouch typingAndroid[123] [124]
81Phonetic ArtsSpeech synthesisGoogle Voice, Google Translate[125]
82Widevine TechnologiesDRMGoogle TV[126]
83eBook TechnologiesE-bookGoogle Books[127]
84SayNowVoice recognitionGoogle Voice[128]
85ZynamicsSecurityProject Zero[129] [130]
86BeatThatQuote.comPrice comparison service$Google Shopping[131] [132]
87Next New NetworksOnline videoYouTube[133]
88Green Parrot PicturesDigital videoYouTube[134]
89PushLifeService provider$Google Play[135]
90ITA SoftwareTravel technology$Google Flights[136] [137]
91TalkBinMobile softwareAndroid[138]
92SparkbuyProduct searchGoogle Shopping[139]
93PostRankSocial media analytics serviceGoogle+ Google Analytics[140]
94AdmeldOnline advertising$DoubleClick, Invite Media[141] [142]
95SageTVMedia centerGoogle TV, Google Fiber, Android TV[143]
96PunchdLoyalty programGoogle Offers[144] [145]
97FridgeSocial groupsGoogle+[146]
98PittPattFacial recognition systemAndroid[147] [148]
99DealmapOne deal a day serviceGoogle Offers[149]
100Motorola MobilityMobile device manufacturer$12,500,000,000Android, Google TV, Android TV, Patent portfolio[150]
101Zave NetworksDigital couponsGoogle Offers[151]
102ZagatRestaurant reviews$Google Places, Google Maps[152] [153] [154]
103DailyDealOne deal a day service$Google Offers[155]
104SocialGrappleSocial media analytics serviceGoogle+ Google Analytics[156]
105AptureInstantaneous searchGoogle Search[157]
106KatangoSocial circle organizationGoogle+[158]
107RightsFlowMusic rights managementYouTube[159]
108Clever SenseLocal recommendations appGoogle Maps[160] [161]
109MilkSoftware companyGoogle+[162]
110TxViaOnline paymentsGoogle Wallet, Google Checkout[163]
111MeeboSocial networking$Google+[164]
112QuickofficeMobile office suiteGoogle Docs[165]
113SparrowMobile apps$Gmail[166] [167] [168]
114WIMM LabsAndroid-powered smartwatchesAndroid Wear[169]
115Wildfire InteractiveSocial media marketing$Google, Google+[170]
116VirusTotal.comSecurityChronicle[171] [172]
117Nik SoftwarePhotographyGoogle, Android[173] [174] [175]
118ViewdleFacial recognition$Android[176] [177]
119Incentive TargetingDigital couponsGoogle Offers[178] [179]
120BufferBoxPackage delivery$Google Shopping, Android[180] [181]
121Channel IntelligenceProduct ecommerce$Google Shopping[182]
122DNNresearchDeep Neural Networks$Google, X[183] [184]
123Talaria TechnologiesCloud computingGoogle Cloud[185]
124BehavioSocial predictionGoogle Now[186]
125WaviiNatural language processing$Google Knowledge Graph[187]
126Makani PowerAirborne wind turbinesX[188]
127WazeGPS navigation software$Google Maps, Waze
128BumpMobile softwareGoogle Photos[189]
129FlutterGesture recognition technology$Google, Android, X[190]
130FlexyCoreDroidBooster app for Android$Android[191]
131SchaftRobotics, humanoid robotsX[192]
132Industrial PerceptionRobotic arms, computer visionX
133Redwood RoboticsRobotic armsX
134Meka RoboticsRobotsX
135HolomniRobotic wheelsX
136Bot & DollyRobotic camerasX
137AutofussAds and designX
138Boston DynamicsRoboticsX[193]
138BitspinTimely app for AndroidAndroid[194]
139Nest LabsHome automation$3,200,000,000Nest Labs[195] [196]
140ImpermiumInternet securityProject Zero[197]
141DeepMind TechnologiesArtificial intelligence$Google DeepMind[198] [199]
142SlickLoginInternet SecurityProject Zero[200]
143spider.ioAnti-click fraudDoubleClick, AdSense[201]
144GreenThrottleGadgetsAndroid[202] [203]
145Titan AerospaceHigh-altitude UAVsProject Loon[204] [205] [206]
146RangespanE-commerceGoogle Shopping[207]
147AdometryOnline advertising attributionGoogle Analytics AdSense[208]
148AppetasRestaurant website creationGoogle My Business[209]
149StackdriverCloud computingGoogle Cloud Platform[210]
150MyEnergyOnline energy usage monitoringNest Labs[211]
151Quest VisualAugmented realityGoogle Translate[212]
152DivideMobile device managementAndroid for Work[213]
153Skybox ImagingSatellite$Google Maps, Project Loon[214]
154mDialogOnline advertisingDoubleClick[215]
155Alpental TechnologiesWirelessGoogle
156DropcamHome monitoring$Nest Labs[216]
157AppurifyAutomated application testing$95,000,000Android[217]
158SongzaMusic streamingGoogle Play, Android TV[218]
159drawElementsGraphics compatibility testingAndroid[219]
160EmuIM clientGoogle Hangouts, Google Now[220]
161DirectrMobile videoYouTube[221]
162JetpacArtificial intelligence, image recognitionPicasa[222]
163Gecko DesignMechanical designX[223]
164Zync RenderCloud-based visual effects softwareGoogle Cloud Platform[224]
165Lift LabsLiftwareVerily[225]
166PolarSocial pollingGoogle+[226]
167FirebaseApplication development platformGoogle Cloud Platform[227]
168Dark Blue Labs & Vision FactoryArtificial intelligence$Google DeepMind[228]
169RevolvHome automationNest Labs[229]
170RelativeWaveMobile software prototypingAndroid[230]
171VidmakerVideo editingYouTube[231]
172Launchpad ToysChild-friendly appsYouTube for Kids[232] [233]
173OdyseeMultimedia sharing and storageGoogle+[234]
174SoftcardMobile paymentsAndroid Pay[235] [236]
175Red Hot LabsApp advertising and discoveryGoogle Play[237]
176Thrive AudioSurround sound technologyGoogle Cardboard[238]
177Skillman & HackettVirtual reality softwareTilt Brush
178TimefulMobile softwareGoogle Inbox, Google Calendar[239]
179Pulse.ioMobile app optimizerAndroid[240]
180PixateMobile software prototypingAndroid[241]
181OysterE-book subscriptionsGoogle Play Books
182Jibe MobileRich Communication ServicesMessages[242]
183AgawiMobile application streamingAndroid, Google Play[243]
184Digisfera360-degree photographyStreet View[244]
185Fly LabsVideo editingGoogle Photos[245]
186bebopCloud software$Google Cloud Platform[246]
187BandPagePlatform for musiciansYouTube[247]
188PieEnterprise communicationsSpaces[248]
189SynergyseInteractive learning platformGoogle Docs[249]
190WebpassInternet service providerGoogle Fiber[250]
191MoodstocksImage recognitionGoogle Photos[251]
192AnvatoCloud-based video servicesGoogle Cloud Platform[252]
193KifiLink managementSpaces[253]
194LaunchKitMobile developer toolsFirebase[254]
195OrbiteraCloud software$Google Cloud Platform[255]
196ApigeeAPI management and predictive analytics$Google Cloud Platform[256]
197Urban EnginesLocation-based analyticsGoogle Maps[257] [258]
198API.AINatural language processingGoogle Assistant[259] [260]
199FameBitBranded contentYouTube[261]
200EyefluenceEye tracking, virtual reality[262] [263]
201LeapDroidAndroid emulatorAndroid[264]
202QwiklabsCloud-based hands-on training platformGoogle Cloud Platform[265]
203CronologicsSmartwatchesAndroid Wear[266]
204Limes AudioVoice communicationGoogle Duo, Google Hangouts[267]
205FabricMobile app platformFirebase[268]
206KaggleData scienceGoogle Cloud Platform[269]
207AppBridgeProductivity suiteGoogle Docs[270]
208Owlchemy LabsVirtual reality studio[271]
209Halli LabsArtificial intelligence[272]
210AIMatterComputer visionYouTube[273] [274] [275]
211Talent and intellectual property licenses$1,100,000,000Google Pixel[276] [277] [278]
212BitiumSingle sign-on and identity managementGoogle Cloud Platform[279]
213Relay MediaAMP converterAccelerated Mobile Pages[280]
21460dbPodcastsGoogle Play Music, Google Podcasts[281]
215ReduxAudio[282] [283]
216TenorGIF image searchGoogle Images, Gboard[284]
217VelostrataCloud migrationGoogle Cloud Platform[285]
218CaskBig data, HadoopGoogle Cloud Platform[286]
219GraphicsFuzzGPU reliabilityAndroid[287] [288]
220SenosisHealth monitoringNest Labs[289]
221OnwardMachine learning, natural language processing[290] [291]
222Workbench EducationEducation technologyGoogle Classroom[292]
223Sigmoid LabsIndian Railways train tracking app Where Is My Train$[293] [294]
224DevOps Research and AssessmentResearch and assessmentGoogle Cloud Platform[295]
225SuperpodQuestion and answer app$Google Assistant[296] [297]
226AloomaBig data, cloud migration$Google Cloud Platform[298] [299] [300]
227NightcornVideo sharingYouTube[301]
228LookerBig data, analytics$2,600,000,000Google Cloud Platform[302]
229ElastifileFile storageGoogle Cloud Platform[303]
230SocraticLearning appsGoogle Classroom[304]
231CloudSimpleCloud hostingGoogle Cloud Platform[305]
232Typhoon StudiosVideo game developmentStadia[306]
233AppSheetMobile app developmentGoogle Cloud Platform[307]
234PointyLocal retail inventory feeds$Google Maps[308]
235Cornerstone Technology B.V.Mainframe, cloud migrationGoogle Cloud Platform[309]
236NorthSmart glasses$[310] [311]
237StratozoneCloud assessmentGoogle Cloud Platform[312]
238DataformBig data, analyticsGoogle Cloud Platform[313] [314]
239NeverwareChromiumOS distributionChromeOS Flex[315] [316] [317]
240ActifioBackup, disaster recoveryGoogle Cloud Platform[318]
241FitbitWearables$2,100,000,000Wear OS[319] [320]
242ProvinoCloud hardwareTensor processing unit[321]
243DysonicsAudio hardwarePixel Buds[322]
243SimsimE-commerce$YouTube[323]
244PlayspaceCollaboration toolGoogle Workspace[324]
245MuJoCoRobotics simulatorGoogle DeepMind[325]
246SiemplifyCybersecurity$500,000,000Google Cloud Platform[326] [327]
247March 8, 2022MandiantCybersecurity$5,400,000,000Google Cloud Platform[328]
248March 16, 2022RaxiumAR hardware$1,000,000,000[329] [330]
249April 22, 2022VicariousArtificial intelligence, robotics softwareIntrinsic[331]
250April 29, 2022MobiledgeXMobile edge computingGoogle Cloud Platform[332]
251May 13, 2022ForseetiCybersecurity softwareGoogle Cloud Platform[333]
252AlterArtificial intelligence
$[334]
253September 20, 2022BreezoMeterAir quality monitoring[335]
254October 11, 2022BrightBytesData and analytics[336]
255October 26, 2022Sound Life SciencesHealth monitoring[337] [338]
256December 15, 2022Open Source Robotics CorporationRobotics softwareIntrinsic[339]
257June 2, 2023PhotomathArtificial intelligenceBard[340] [341]
258June 5, 2024CameyoVirtual app deliveryChromeOS[342]

Divestitures

On December 10, 2012, Google sold the manufacturing operations of Motorola Mobility to Flextronics for $75 million.[343] As a part of the agreement, Flextronics will manufacture undisclosed Android and other mobile devices.[344] On December 19, 2012, Google sold the Motorola Home business division of Motorola Mobility to Arris Group for $2.35 billion in a cash-and-stock transaction. As a part of this deal, Google acquired a 15.7% stake in Arris Group valued at $300 million.[345] [346]

On January 29, 2014, Google announced that it would divest Motorola Mobility to Lenovo for $2.91 billion, a fraction of the original $12.5 billion price paid by Google to acquire the company. Google retained all but 2000 of Motorola's patents and entered into cross-licensing deals.[347]

In 2017, Google sold off its satellite business, Terra Bella, to Planet Labs for an undisclosed price and entered into a multi-year agreement to license Earth imagery from the company.[348]

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. News: Rusli. Evelyn M.. For Google, a New High in Deal-Making. The New York Times. December 7, 2011. October 27, 2011.
  2. News: SketchUp Is Google's First Divestment In Years, And It Made A Profit. Josh. Constine. April 26, 2012. TechCrunch. April 6, 2013.
  3. Web site: Frommer's founder buys back travel guide brand from Google. Julianne. Pepitone. April 4, 2013. CNNMoney.com. May 6, 2013.
  4. Web site: A new home for SketchUp. John. Bacus. SketchUp. April 26, 2012. May 6, 2013.
  5. Web site: WideOrbit Acquires Google Radio Automation. August 5, 2009. WideOrbit. May 6, 2013. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20130317121019/http://www.wideorbit.com/news-archives/3-news/news-archives/141-wideorbit-acquires-google-radio-automation/. March 17, 2013.
  6. Web site: In Silicon Valley, Mergers Must Meet the Toothbrush Test. August 17, 2014. The New York Times. August 18, 2014.
  7. Web site: Yahoo And Google Are Both Spending Big Money On Acquisition Sprees And What That Says About Their Futures. TechCrunch. AOL Inc. July 29, 2013. Rip. Empson. July 29, 2013.
  8. Web site: Google Has Acquired YouTube. Arrington. Michael. October 9, 2006. TechCrunch. AOL. March 15, 2017.
  9. News: Google to Acquire YouTube for $1.65 Billion. Sorkin. Andrew Ross. Peters. Jeremy W.. October 9, 2006. The New York Times. March 15, 2017.
  10. Web site: Google Closes YouTube Acquisition. Arrington. Michael. November 13, 2006. TechCrunch. AOL. March 15, 2017.
  11. Web site: Google closes YouTube deal. Auchard. Eric. November 14, 2006. Reuters. Thomson Reuters. March 15, 2017.
  12. News: Google Buys DoubleClick for $3.1 Billion. Story. Louise. Helft. Miguel. April 14, 2007. The New York Times. March 9, 2017.
  13. Book: Auletta, Ken. Googled: The End of the World As We Know It. 2009. The Penguin Press. 9780753522431. New York. en.
  14. News: Google agrees to acquire Motorola Mobility. Tsukayama, Hayley. August 15, 2011. The Washington Post. August 17, 2011.
  15. Web site: Google to Acquire Motorola Mobility — Google Investor Relations. Google. August 17, 2011.
  16. Web site: Official Google Blog: Supercharging Android: Google to Acquire Motorola Mobility. Page. Larry. Google Blog at Blogspot.com. August 17, 2011.
  17. Web site: Google CEO: 'Anticompetitive' Apple, Microsoft forced Motorola deal. Hughes. Neil. AppleInsider. August 15, 2011 . August 17, 2011.
  18. Web site: Google to buy Motorola Mobility for $12.5B. Cheng. Roger. August 15, 2011. CNet News.
  19. News: Google. May 22, 2012. BBC News. May 23, 2012.
  20. Web site: Google reveals it spent $966 million in Waze acquisition. Kerr. Dara. July 25, 2013. CNET. CBS Interactive. June 12, 2017.
  21. Web site: Google Bought Waze For $1.1B, Giving A Social Data Boost To Its Mapping Business. Lunden. Ingrid. June 11, 2013. TechCrunch. AOL. June 12, 2017.
  22. News: Google To Acquire Artificial Intelligence Company DeepMind. Chowdhry. Amit. January 27, 2014. Forbes. January 27, 2014.
  23. News: Google to buy artificial intelligence company DeepMind. Helgren. Chris. January 27, 2014. Reuters. January 27, 2014. September 26, 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150926065732/http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/01/27/us-google-deepmind-idUSBREA0Q03220140127. live.
  24. News: Google buys artificial intelligence company DeepMind. Ribeiro. Jon. January 27, 2014. PC World. January 27, 2014.
  25. Web site: Google buying AI startup DeepMind for a reported $400 million. Opam. Kwame. January 26, 2014. The Verge. Vox Media. March 9, 2017.
  26. Web site: Google acquires Deja. February 12, 2001. Geek.com. Ziff Davis. May 10, 2017. April 6, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190406155104/https://www.geek.com/news/google-acquires-deja-544420/. dead.
  27. Web site: Google saves Deja.com Usenet service. Cullen. Drew. February 12, 2001. The Register. Situation Publishing. May 10, 2017.
  28. Web site: Google Acquires Usenet Discussion Service and Significant Assets from Deja.com. https://web.archive.org/web/20010215015838/http://www.google.com/press/pressrel/pressrelease48.html. February 15, 2001. February 12, 2001. April 4, 2007.
  29. News: Digital history saved. December 14, 2001. BBC News. BBC. May 10, 2017.
  30. Web site: Google Acquires Technology Assets of Outride Inc. https://web.archive.org/web/20010928201821/http://www.google.com/press/pressrel/outride.html. September 28, 2001. McCaffrey. Cindy. September 20, 2001. April 4, 2007.
  31. Web site: Puzzling Out Google's Blogger Acquisition. Search Engine Watch. February 18, 2003. Chris. Sherman. January 8, 2008. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20080118213952/http://searchenginewatch.com/showPage.html?page=2161891. January 18, 2008.
  32. Web site: Google acquires Neotonic Software. Search Engine Journal. June 4, 2004. April 4, 2007.
  33. Web site: Google Buys Applied Semantics. Search Engine Watch. April 23, 2003. January 8, 2008. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20071227211631/http://searchenginewatch.com/showPage.html?page=2196001. December 27, 2007.
  34. Web site: Google Buys Applied Semantics. Infotoday. April 28, 2003. May 5, 2015.
  35. Today in History: Google Buys Applied Semantics. Morrissey. Brian. April 23, 2013. Digiday. May 10, 2017.
  36. Web site: The 15 Most Important Tech Acquisitions of All Time. Bracetti. Alex. January 8, 2013. Complex. Verizon Hearst Media Partners. May 10, 2017.
  37. Web site: AdSense Turns 10: Reflections On Google's Great Leap Beyond Search Ads. Sullivan. Danny. February 27, 2013. Marketing Land. May 10, 2017.
  38. Web site: Andrew. Orlowski. Google buys search engine – PageRank RIP?. The Register. September 30, 2003. January 8, 2008.
  39. Web site: Ilana. Grunberg. Google Acquires Sprinks. SearchNewz. November 5, 2003. July 3, 2007. January 9, 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130109163507/http://www.searchnewz.com/searchnewz-12-20031105GoogleAcquiresSprinks.html. dead.
  40. Web site: SEO Consultants. List of Companies Acquired by Google. July 3, 2007. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20070629114918/http://www.seoconsultants.com/google/acquisitions/. June 29, 2007.
  41. Web site: Google Quietly Acquires Ignite Logic. WebProNews. May 10, 2004. April 4, 2007. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20110325042751/http://www.webpronews.com/google-quietly-acquires-ignite-logic-2004-05. March 25, 2011.
  42. Web site: Google Acquires Picasa. Clickz. July 13, 2007. January 8, 2008. Janis. Mara.
  43. Web site: Google acquires traffic info start-up Zipdash. SiliconBeat. Michael. Bazeley. March 30, 2005. January 8, 2008. November 22, 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20151122120428/http://www.siliconbeat.com/entries/2005/03/30/google_acquires_traffic_info_startup_zipdash.html. dead.
  44. Web site: Google mapper advises: take browsers to the limit. https://web.archive.org/web/20090202181659/http://news.cnet.co.uk/software/0%2C39029694%2C39191133%2C00.htm. February 2, 2009. CNET. July 29, 2005. Renai. LeMay. January 8, 2008. dead.
  45. Web site: Google Acquires Keyhole Corp. October 27, 2004. April 4, 2007.
  46. Web site: Google Agrees To Acquire Urchin. March 28, 2005. April 4, 2007.
  47. Web site: Google buys Dodgeball. Engadget. May 12, 2005. April 4, 2007.
  48. Web site: Google Continues International Expansion, Opens Offices in Latin America. November 17, 2005. April 4, 2007.
  49. Web site: Google turning Canada into mobile software mecca. The Register. January 10, 2006. April 4, 2007.
  50. Web site: Google's Biggest Acquisitions So Far, And What They Became. Gizmodo. August 16, 2011. August 17, 2011.
  51. Web site: Google Buys Android for Its Mobile Arsenal. Business Week. August 17, 2005. April 4, 2007. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20150228085314/http://www.bloomberg.com/bw/stories/2005-08-16/google-buys-android-for-its-mobile-arsenal. February 28, 2015.
  52. Web site: Anne. Krishnan. Google already has foothold in Triangle. https://web.archive.org/web/20090113181301/http://www.newsobserver.com/685/story/529318.html. January 13, 2009. The News & Observer. January 6, 2007. April 4, 2007.
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  178. News: Google buys Cambridge online marketing firm. Boston.com. November 28, 2012.
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  189. News: Albanesius. Chloe. Google Buys Bump App for Easy Sharing. September 16, 2013. PC Mag. September 16, 2013.
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  191. News: Google buys the company behind DroidBooster to speed up Android, cross fingers for KitKat. PhoneArena. October 22, 2013.
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  208. News: Google to Acquire Online Attribution Firm Adometry. Wall Street Journal. May 7, 2014.
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