| Settlement Type: | Municipality |
| Official Name: | Peñarroya-Pueblonuevo |
| Pushpin Map: | Spain#Spain Andalusia#Spain Province of Córdoba |
| Coordinates: | 38.3°N -21°W |
| Area Total Km2: | 63 |
| Elevation M: | 537 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Utc Offset: | +1 |
| Utc Offset Dst: | +2 |
Peñarroya-Pueblonuevo is a Municipality located in the province of Córdoba, Spain. According to the 2018 census,[1] the municipality has a population of 10,870 inhabitants. Its postal code is 14200.
It is a mining town located in the Sierra Morena, at the northern end of Córdoba Province near Extremadura.
The name of the present-day town originated in the merger of the towns of Peñarroya and Pueblonuevo del Terrible in 1927. The town of Pueblonuevo del Terrible had its name from a fierce dog that had lived there in the past and according to the legend, he discovered the charcoal in the area. The dog had been nicknamed "Terrible".
The Battle of Peñarroya took place between 5 January and 4 February 1939 towards the end of the Spanish Civil War in the area of the town, which was located near the Extremaduran front line.[2]