| Province of Pavia | |
| Native Name Lang: | it |
| Settlement Type: | Province |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: |  Italy |
| Subdivision Type1: | Region |
| Subdivision Name1: | Lombardy |
| Seat Type: | Capital(s) |
| Seat: | Pavia |
| Parts Type: | Comuni |
| Parts Style: | para |
| P1: | 190 |
| Leader Title: | President |
| Leader Name: | Vittorio Poma |
| Unit Pref: | Metric |
| Area Footnotes: | [1] |
| Area Total Km2: | 2965 |
| Population Footnotes: | [2] |
| Population Total: | 548722 |
| Population As Of: | 1 January 2015 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Demographics Type2: | GDP |
| Demographics2 Footnotes: | [3] |
| Demographics2 Title1: | Total |
| Demographics2 Info1: | €13.188 billion (2015) |
| Demographics2 Title2: | Per capita |
| Demographics2 Info2: | €24,052 (2015) |
| Timezone1: | CET |
| Utc Offset1: | +1 |
| Timezone1 Dst: | CEST |
| Utc Offset1 Dst: | +2 |
| Postal Code Type: | Postal code |
| Postal Code: | 27010-27027, 27029-27030, 27032, 27034-27055, 27057-27059, 27100 |
| Area Code Type: | Telephone prefix |
| Area Code: | 0381, 0382, 0383, 0384, 0385 |
| Registration Plate: | PV |
| Blank Name Sec1: | ISTAT |
The province of Pavia (Italian: provincia di Pavia) is a province in the Lombardy region of Italy. Its capital is Pavia., the province has a population of 548,722 inhabitants and an area of ; the town of Pavia has a population of 72,205.[4]
The city Pavia was initially settled by the Ligures and was later occupied by Gaulish tribes; it was conquered by the Romans in 220 BCE. Named "Ticinum" by the Romans, the town was reinforced and became a key part of their defenses in northern Italy; despite this, the town was sacked by Attila, the ruler of the Hunnic Empire, in 452 CE, and then again by Odoacer in 476 CE. In the sixth century it was the capital of German tribe the Lombards and survived an attempted Frankish invasion. However, following the death of Charlemagne, the Lombard territory became part of Frankish territory.[5]
In the 12th century, it became a commune after Frankish rule ceased, and Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor fortified areas of the commune and he was crowned in Pavia in 1155. The University of Pavia was founded in 1361. Starting from 1359, Pavia and its neighbourhood were owned by the Visconti and then the Sforza of Milan, until, in 1499, the Duchy of Milan became a Spanish possession. It was the scene of a Franco-Imperial battle in 1525, in which Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor defeated Francis I of France. In 1707 and again 1774, parts of the so-called "principality of Pavia", a province of the Duchy under the Spaniards, were sold to Piedmont; these changes were restored after the collapse of the French Empire in 1814.
The Province of Pavia is in the region of Lombardy in northwestern Italy. It is bounded to the north by the provinces of Milan and Lodi, to the southeast by the Province of Piacenza (Emilia-Romagna), and to the southwest it is bounded by the Province of Alessandria (Piedmont). The province is crossed by the rivers Ticino and Po, which meet four kilometres south of the capital, Pavia. The province contains 190 communes and the River Po is navigable up to its confluence with the Ticino. There are three regions of the province, the Pavese, which is entirely in the Po Valley, the Lomellina, which is also completely in the Po Valley but between the Ticino and the Po, and Oltrepò, to the south of the Po and which includes Monte Lesima (1,724 m (5,656 ft)), a mountain in the Apennine Mountains which is the highest point in the province. The territory of Siccomario, at the confluence of the two great rivers, should properly be included in Lomellina, but for historical reasons it is considered part of Pavese. Another large river flowing through the province is the Olona.[6]
The province is mostly flat with the northwestern part of the province being good agricultural land. The southern part rises to low hills which give way to the Ligurian Apennines. The town of Pavia has a major position in northern Italy's textile industry and is renowned for hatmaking. It also plays its part in the country's engineering and metallurgical industries.[7] This is an important winemaking district and produces sparkling wines. It is the largest area in Italy for the production of Pinot noir.[8]
The list below shows the most populated comuni (municipalities) of the province in 2010:[9]
| Rank | City | Population | Area (km2) | Density (inhabitants/km2) | Altitude (mslm) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | Pavia | 71,142 | 62 | 77 | ||
| 2nd | Vigevano | 63,984 | 82 | 116 | ||
| 3rd | Voghera | 39,937 | 63.28 | 96 | ||
| 4th | Mortara | 15,673 | 52 | 108 | ||
| 5th | Stradella | 11,674 | 18.77 | 101 | ||
| 6th | Gambolò | 10,312 | 51 | 104 | ||
| 7th | Garlasco | 9,888 | 39.03 | 93 | ||
| 8th | Broni | 9,528 | 20.87 | 88 | ||
| 9th | Casorate Primo | 8,425 | 9 | 103 | ||
| 10th | Cassolnovo | 7,116 | 31.96 | 120 |