Patricia Thiel Explained

Patricia A. Thiel
Birth Date:20 February 1953
Birth Place:Adrian, Minnesota, US
Nationality:American
Fields:Chemistry (physical chemistry), materials science
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Doctoral Advisor:W. Henry Weinberg
Academic Advisors:Gerhard Ertl
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Patricia Ann Thiel (February 20, 1953 – September 7, 2020) was an American chemist and materials scientist who served as a distinguished professor of chemistry at Iowa State University. She was known for her research on atomic-scale structures and processes on solid surfaces.[1]

Early life and education

Thiel was raised on a farm in southwest Minnesota, near her birthplace of Adrian, Minnesota. Her parents grew up in immigrant farm families and each had completed an eighth grade education. Thiel herself attended a private elementary school nearby her farm in Lismore, Minnesota, for grades 1-8 and public high school in Adrian, Minnesota for grades 9-12. Support from the National Merit Scholarship Program enabled her to attend Macalester College in St. Paul, Minnesota, where she was inspired by her freshman chemistry course and its instructor, Prof. Emil Slowinski [2] to major in chemistry. She completed a BA in chemistry with a minor in mathematics in 1975. After working for a year at Control Data Corporation as an analytic chemist, she enrolled in the chemistry department at the California Institute of Technology, with financial support from a National Science Foundation Predoctoral Fellowship. She completed a PhD in chemistry in 1981 under the supervision of W. Henry Weinberg.[3] [4] [5]

Career

Thiel's first appointment after graduation was as an Alexander von Humboldt Fellow at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, where she worked in the research group of Gerhard Ertl, who later went on to receive the 2007 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. In 1982 she joined the technical staff of Sandia National Laboratories in Livermore, California, and, after a brief stint as a visiting professor in the physics department of the University of California, Berkeley, joined the chemistry department faculty of Iowa State University in 1983, with a simultaneous appointment as staff scientist with the US Department of Energy's Ames Laboratory[5] She was subsequently promoted to the ranks of associate professor (1988), full professor (1991) and distinguished professor (2001). She received an additional appointment as professor of materials science and engineering in 2012. Throughout this time period she received outstanding teaching awards,[6] and held several administrative posts, including program director for materials chemistry (Ames Laboratory; 1988–2004), chief research officer (Ames Laboratory; 2008–2009) and chair of the Iowa State Chemistry Department (1999-2002). Thiel was an associate editor of The Journal of Chemical Physics (2013–2020).[7] She attended the Nobel Prize ceremony on December 10, 2011, where Dan Shechtman received the 2011 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the discovery of quasicrystals.[8]

Research

Thiel's research elucidated atomic-scale structures and processes on solid surfaces, in areas relevant to microelectronics, tribology, heterogeneous catalysis, and nanoscience. She published over 300 research papers, which have been cited about 12,000 times, effective 2019. She is especially known for work in the following three areas.

Surfaces of quasicrystals

Thiel's research group pioneered studies of nucleation and growth of metal films on quasicrystal surfaces, demonstrating that local pseudomorphic growth, including starfish-shaped formations, can occur at very specific nucleation sites.[9] [10] Focusing on metallic, aluminum-rich quasicrystals, Thiel and her collaborators extensively explored how quasicrystal atomic-scale surface structures were related to their unusual surface properties, including low friction, low adhesion, and good oxidation resistance.[11] [12] [13] [14]

Interaction of water with metal surfaces

Thiel's Ph.D. research described evidence for hydrogen bonding between water molecules on a ruthenium surface. She continued her research on water as a faculty member at Iowa State University, and discovered that desorption kinetics of water can exhibit a measurable isotope effect.[15] [16] She was credited with being the first to propose that bilayers of water near solid surfaces could possess a structure similar to the basal plane of Ice Ih.[17] She was the co-author, along with Theodore E. Madey, of a highly cited and comprehensive review article describing the interactions and properties of water near solid surfaces.[18] [19]

Nucleation, growth, and coarsening of metal nanostructures on surfaces

Thiel's group was credited with discovering that large two-dimensional islands of metal adatom clusters can have significant room temperature mobility on metal substrates,[20] [21] [22] and that, contrary to what had usually been assumed, this can be the main route to coarsening (an evolution to larger sizes and fewer numbers) of these clusters.[23] [24] She and James W. Evans are responsible for first describing an atomic-scale mechanism for metal film growth, which they dubbed ‘downward funneling’.[25] [26] Because of this mechanism, they predicted an unusual variation in film roughness with temperature from theory, and eventually confirmed it experimentally using Scanning Tunneling Microscopy.[27] [28] This is now accepted as an important mechanism that affects thin film morphology upon growth at low temperature.[29]

More recently, her group discovered a series of naturally-occurring metal-sulfur complexes with distinct stoichiometries, which may influence stability of larger metallic features by assisting surface metal transport and hence coarsening. She was highlighted for this work in the Journal of Physical Chemistry's virtual issue highlighting 66 women in honor of Marie Curie's 150th birthday.[30] [31] [32] She and her collaborators also discovered that metallic nanoparticles can be grown as encapsulated clusters near the surface of a layered material, graphite, if specific growth conditions are met.[33] [34] Applying a continuum elasticity model, they developed insight into the reasons for the low, flattened shapes (high aspect ratios) of these embedded particles, and a prediction that the shape of encapsulated metal islands should be universal (size-independent).[35]

Awards and honors

Personal life

Thiel was born on February 20, 1953, in Adrian, Minnesota. She married James William Evans, an Australian-born physicist, in 1988. They have two daughters, both engineers.Thiel died of undetected breast cancer on September 7, 2020, at her home surrounded by her husband and daughters.[52]

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Patricia A Thiel. Iowa State University, Department of Chemistry. 2019-12-02.
  2. Web site: Obituary:Emil Slowinski wrote the book on chemistry. Star Tribune. 2019-12-02. Tim Harlow. 2015-11-05.
  3. Web site: 2014 Medard Welch Award - Interview. 2019-12-02. 2020-08-15. https://web.archive.org/web/20200815111350/https://www.avs.org/Awards-Recognition/Awardee-Interviews/Interviews/Pat-Thiel/Interview-Transcript. dead.
  4. Web site: MSE Faculty and Staff - Patricia Ann Thiel. 2019-12-02.
  5. Web site: Biography: Patricia A. Thiel. AVS. 2019-12-02. 2020-09-24. https://web.archive.org/web/20200924125127/https://www.avs.org/Awards-Recognition/Awardee-Interviews/Interviews/Pat-Thiel/Bio. dead.
  6. Web site: Winter, Thiel receive Cassling Family Faculty Awards for outstanding teaching. 2020-01-01.
  7. Web site: The Journal of Chemical Physics - Editorial Board. 2019-12-02. The Journal of Chemical Physics.
  8. Web site: Pat Thiel talks about attending the Nobel Prize ceremony. 2019-12-02. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20150804043227/https://www.ameslab.gov/news/pat-thiel-talks-about-attending-nobel-prize-ceremony. 2015-08-04.
  9. Cai. T.. Ledieu. J.. McGrath. R.. Fournée. V.. Lograsso. T.A.. Ross. A. Thiel. P. A.. Pseudomorphic starfish: Nucleation of extrinsic metal atoms on a quasicrystalline substrate. Surf. Sci.. 526. 1–2. 115–120. 2003. 10.1016/S0039-6028(02)02593-1. 2003SurSc.526..115C.
  10. Sharma. H.R.. Shimoda. M.. Tsai. A.P.. 2007. Quasicrystal surfaces:structure and growth of atomic overlayers. Advances in Physics. en. 53. 3. 403–464. 10.1080/00018730701269773. 2007AdPhy..56..403S. 120873116.
  11. J. Y.. Park. D. F.. Ogletree. M.. Salmeron. R. A.. Ribeiro. P. C.. Canfield. C. J.. Jenks. Cynthia Jenks. P. A.. Thiel. High frictional anisotropy of periodic and aperiodic directions on a quasicrystal surface. Science. 309. 5739. 1354–1356. 2005. 10.1126/science.1113239. 16123295. 2005Sci...309.1354P. 20967375. https://web.archive.org/web/20200316025110/http://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/23c0/23c6bc3fb9ed98d6b32b02ff65efbfcb3b96.pdf. dead. 2020-03-16.
  12. Macia. Enrique. 2006. The role of aperiodic order in science and technology. Reports on Progress in Physics. en. 69. 2. 397–441. 10.1088/0034-4885/69/2/R03. 2006RPPh...69..397M. 120125675 .
  13. McGrath. R.. Ledieu. J.. Cox. E.J.. Diehl. R.D.. 2002. Quasicrystal surfaces: structure and potential as templates. J. Phys.: Condens. Matter. en. 14. 4. R119–R144. 10.1088/0953-8984/14/4/201. 250871398 .
  14. Krim. J.. Jacqueline Krim . 2012. Friction and energy dissipation mechanisms in adsorbed molecules and molecularly thin films. Advances in Physics. en. 61. 3. 155–323. 10.1080/00018732.2012.706401. 2012AdPhy..61..155K. 218647448.
  15. Thiel. P. A.. Hoffmann. F. M.. Weinberg. W. H.. Monolayer and multilayer adsorption of water on Ru(001). The Journal of Chemical Physics. 75. 11. 1981. 5556–5572. 0021-9606. 10.1063/1.441960. 1981JChPh..75.5556T.
  16. Doering. Dale.L.. Madey. Theodore E.. 2002. The adsorption of water on clean and oxygen-dosed Ru(001). Surface Science. en. 123. 2–3. 305–337. 10.1016/0039-6028(82)90331-4.
  17. Henderson. Michael A.. 2002. The interaction of water with solid surfaces: fundamental aspects revisted. Surface Science Reports. en. 46. 1–8. 1–308. 10.1016/S0167-5729(01)00020-6. 2002SurSR..46....1H.
  18. Thiel. Patricia A.. Madey. Theodore E.. The interaction of water with solid surfaces: Fundamental aspects. Surface Science Reports. 7. 6–8. 1987. 211–385. 0167-5729. 10.1016/0167-5729(87)90001-X. 1987SurSR...7..211T.
  19. Hodgson. A.. Haq. S.. 2009. Water adsorption and the wetting of metal surfaces. Surface Science Reports. en. 64. 9. 381–451. 10.1016/j.surfrep.2009.07.001. 2009SurSR..64..381H.
  20. Ala-Nissila. T.. Ferrando. R.. Ying. S.C.. Collective and single particle diffusion on surfaces. Advances in Physics. 51. 3. 2002. 949–1078. 10.1080/00018730110107902. 2002AdPhy..51..949A. 103078504.
  21. Zhang. Zhenyu. Lagally. Max G.. Atomistic processes in the Early Stages of Thin-Film Growth. Science. 276. 5311. 1997. 377–383. 10.1126/science.276.5311.377. 9103189.
  22. Wen. J. -M.. Chang. S. -L.. Burnett. J. W.. Evans. J. W.. Thiel. P. A.. Diffusion of Large Two-Dimensional Ag Clusters on Ag(100). Physical Review Letters. 73. 19. 1994. 2591–2594. 0031-9007. 10.1103/PhysRevLett.73.2591. 10057099. 1994PhRvL..73.2591W.
  23. Jensen. Pablo. Growth of nanostructure by cluster deposition: Experiments and simple models. Reviews of Modern Physics. 71. 5. 1999. 1695–1736. 10.1103/RevModPhys.71.1695. cond-mat/9903141. 1999RvMP...71.1695J. 119440413 .
  24. Wen. J.-M.. Evans. J. W.. Bartelt. M. C.. Burnett. J. W.. Thiel. P. A.. Coarsening Mechanisms in a Metal Film: From Cluster Diffusion to Vacancy Ripening. Physical Review Letters. 76. 4. 1996. 652–655. 0031-9007. 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.652. 10061513. 1996PhRvL..76..652W.
  25. Evans. J. W.. Sanders. D. E.. Thiel. P. A.. DePristo. Andrew E.. Low-temperature epitaxial growth of thin metal films. Physical Review B. 41. 8. 1990. 5410–5413. 0163-1829. 10.1103/PhysRevB.41.5410. 9994410. 1990PhRvB..41.5410E.
  26. Lapujoulade. Jean. The roughening of metal surfaces. Surface Science Reports. 20. 1994. 191–249. 4. 10.1016/0167-5729(94)90004-3. 1994SurSR..20..195L.
  27. Stoldt. C. R.. Caspersen. K. J.. Bartelt. M. C.. Jenks. C. J.. Cynthia Jenks. Evans. J. W.. Thiel. P. A.. Using Temperature to Tune Film Roughness: Nonintuitive Behavior in a Simple System. Physical Review Letters. 85. 4. 2000. 800–803. 0031-9007. 10.1103/PhysRevLett.85.800. 10991402. 2000PhRvL..85..800S.
  28. Voter. Arthur F.. Montalenti. Francesco. Germann. Timothy C.. Extending the Time Scale in Atomistic Simulation of Materials. Annu. Rev. Mater. Res.. 32. 321–346. 2002. 10.1146/annurev.matsci.32.112601.141541.
  29. Evans. J.W.. Thiel. P.A.. Bartelt. M.C.. Morphological evolution during epitaxial thin film growth: Formation of 2D islands and 3D mounds. Surface Science Reports. 61. 1–2. 2006. 1–128. 0167-5729. 10.1016/j.surfrep.2005.08.004. 2006SurSR..61....1E.
  30. Schatz. G.C.. McCoy. A.B.. Shea. J.E.. Murphy. C.J.. Scholes. G.D.. Virtual Issue in Honor of the 150th Birthday of Marie Curie: Highlighting Female Physical Chemists. J. Phys. Chem. B. 121. 2017. 43. 9983–9985. 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b09653. 29092405. free.
  31. Thiel. Patricia A.. Shen. Mingmin. Liu. Da-Jiang. Evans. J. W.. Coarsening of Two-Dimensional Nanoclusters on Metal Surfaces. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. 113. 13. 2009. 5047–5067. 1932-7447. 10.1021/jp8063849.
  32. Walen. Holly. Liu. Da-Jiang. Oh. Junepyo. Lim. Hyunseob. Evans. J. W.. Aikens. Christine M.. Kim. Yousoo. Thiel. P. A.. Cu2S3complex on Cu(111) as a candidate for mass transport enhancement. Physical Review B. 91. 4. 045426. 2015. 1098-0121. 10.1103/PhysRevB.91.045426. 2015PhRvB..91d5426W. free. 2097/32265. free.
  33. Zhou. Yinghui. Lii-Rosales. Ann. Kim. Minsung. Wallingford. Mark. Jing. Dapeng. Tringides. Michael C.. Wang. Cai-Zhuang. Thiel. Patricia A.. Defect-mediated, thermally-activated encapsulation of metals at the surface of graphite. Carbon. 127. 2018. 305–311. 0008-6223. 10.1016/j.carbon.2017.10.103. 1411949 . free. 2018Carbo.127..305Z .
  34. Lii-Rosales. Ann. Han. Yong. Evans. James W.. Jing. Dapeng. Zhou. Yinghui. Tringides. Michael C.. Kim. Minsung. Wang. Cai-Zhuang. Thiel. Patricia A.. Formation of Multilayer Cu Islands Embedded beneath the Surface of Graphite: Characterization and Fundamental Insights. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. 122. 8. 2018. 4454–4469. 1932-7447. 10.1021/acs.jpcc.7b12533. 1422772 .
  35. Julien. Scott E.. Lii-Rosales. Ann. Wan. Kai-Tak. Han. Yong. Tringides. Michael C.. Evans. James W.. Thiel. Patricia A.. Squeezed nanocrystals: equilibrium configuration of metal clusters embedded beneath the surface of a layered material. Nanoscale. 11. 13. 2019. 6445–6452. 2040-3364. 10.1039/C8NR10549A. 30888382. free.
  36. Web site: Alfred P. Sloan Foundation - Past Fellows. 2019-12-02. Sloan Research Fellowships. 2018-03-14. https://web.archive.org/web/20180314000756/https://sloan.org/past-fellows. dead.
  37. Web site: Presidential Young Investigator Award/Reconstruction in Thin Films. 2019-12-02. National Science Foundation.
  38. Web site: Camille Dreyfus Teacher-Scholar Awards Program. 2019-12-02.
  39. Web site: Professor awarded honorary degree by French University. 2019-12-02. Brian Oltman. iowastatedaily.
  40. Web site: 2008 Iota Sigma Pi Honorary Member Award. 2019-12-02. Iota Sigma Pi. 2019-04-17. https://web.archive.org/web/20190417083301/http://www.iotasigmapi.info/awards/professionalawards.html#nhm. dead.
  41. Web site: Ames Laboratory's Pat Thiel Receives Chemistry Honor. 2019-12-02. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20150804131420/https://www.ameslab.gov/news/news-releases/ames-laboratorys-pat-thiel-receives-chemistry-honor. 2015-08-04. Ames Laboratory.
  42. Web site: Arthur W. Adamson Award for Distinguished Service in the Advancement of Surface Chemistry. 2019-12-02. Chemical & Engineering News.
  43. Web site: Thiel Selected for ACS Adamson Award for Surface Chemistry. 2019-12-02. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20150805024712/https://www.ameslab.gov/node/8357. 2015-08-05. Ames Laboratory.
  44. Web site: David Adler Lectureship Award in the Field of Materials Physics. 2019-12-02. American Physical Society.
  45. Web site: 2010 David Adler Lectureship Award in the Field of Materials Physics Recipient. 2019-12-02. American Physical Society.
  46. Web site: AAAS honors Iowa State, Ames Lab researchers for distinguished science. 2020-08-22.
  47. Web site: Pat Thiel Named to Corbett Professorship. 2019-12-02. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20150804042039/https://www.ameslab.gov/node/9080. 2015-08-04. Ames Laboratory.
  48. Web site: Materials Research Society Announces 2012 MRS Fellows. 2020-03-16. Dave Flanagan. Advanced Science News. 19 March 2012 .
  49. Web site: 2012 MRS Fellows. 2019-12-02. Materials Research Society. 2019-07-08. https://web.archive.org/web/20190708150508/https://www.mrs.org/mrs-fellows-2012. dead.
  50. Web site: Outstanding Referees Program. 2019-12-02. American Physical Society.
  51. Web site: Patricia Thiel of Iowa State, Ames Laboratory elected to American Academy of Arts and Sciences. 2019-12-02. Iowa State University of Science and Technology. April 16, 2019.
  52. Web site: Patricia A. Thiel Obituary. 2020-09-21.

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