| Native Name: | Patria Vieja |
| Conventional Long Name: | Kingdom of Chile Reino de Chile |
| Iso3166code: | omit |
| Era: | Decolonization of the Americas |
| Empire: | Spanish Empire |
| Government Type: | Provisional government |
| Event Start: | Established |
| Date Start: | 18 September |
| Year Start: | 1810 |
| Event End: | Disestablished |
| Date End: | 2 October |
| Year End: | 1814 |
| Event1: | First National Congress |
| Date Event1: | 4 July 1811 |
| Event2: | Coup d'état |
| Date Event2: | 4 September 1811 |
| Event3: | Provisional Constitution |
| Date Event3: | 3 May 1814 |
| Event4: | Treaty of Lircay |
| P1: | Captaincy General of Chile |
| Flag P1: | Flag_of_Cross_of_Burgundy.svg |
| S1: | Reconquest (Chile) |
| Flag S1: | Flag_of_Spain_(1785–1873,_1875–1931).svg |
| Flag: | Flag of Chile |
| Coa Size: | 110px |
| Symbol Type Article: | Coat of arms of Chile |
| National Motto: | Latin: [[Post tenebras lux]] (Latin) "Light After Darkness" |
| Image Map Caption: | Territories of the Captaincy General of Chile |
| Capital: | Santiago de Chile |
| Leader1: | Ferdinand VII |
| Year Leader1: | 1810-1814 |
| Title Leader: | King |
| Deputy1: | Mateo de Toro y Zambrano |
| Deputy2: | José Miguel Carrera |
| Deputy3: | José Miguel Infante |
| Year Deputy1: | 1810-1811 |
| Year Deputy2: | 1811-1813 |
| Year Deputy3: | 1813-1814 |
| Title Deputy: | President |
| Legislature: | National Congress |
| Population Estimate: | 823,685 (1813 Census) |
| Today: | Chile |
Old Fatherland (pronounced as /es/,) refers to a time period in the History of Chile occurring between the First Junta of the Government (September 18, 1810) and the Disaster of Rancagua (October 1, 1814). In this period, Chilean measures were taken for the imprisonment of Fernando VII of Spain by Napoleon and this started the governmental organization of the Kingdom of Chile, which swore fidelity to Ferdinand VII. [1]
This period was characterized by the transformation from a movement of temporary autonomy to one of total independence. Two things that stood out during this period were the political prominence of the Carrera brothers, especially José Miguel Carrera and the military campaigns led by Bernardo O'Higgins as General. (Battle of Membrillar, Battle of Yerbas Buenas, and Battle of El Roble).
During this time a Government Junta of Chile as well as a National Congress were organized to administer the country during the imprisonment of the king. The Congress passed a law decreeing Liberty of the Womb, which stated that all children of slaves born on Chilean soil from that point onwards would be free. In 1812, the first constitutional decree was passed, which agreed to recognize the king if he accepted certain constitutional regulations.