Patna district explained

Patna district
Settlement Type:District of Bihar
Total Type:Total
Image Map1:Bihar district location map Patna.svg
Coordinates:25.4167°N 95°W
Coor Pinpoint:Patna
Subdivision Type:Country
Subdivision Name: India
Subdivision Type1:State
Subdivision Name1:Bihar
Subdivision Type2:Division
Subdivision Name2:Patna
Established Title:Established
Seat Type:Headquarters
Seat:Patna
Parts Type:Tehsils
Parts Style:para
Area Total Km2:3202
Population As Of:2011
Population Total:5838465
Population Urban:2514590
Population Density Km2:auto
Population Rank:(IN: 15th)[1]
Demographics Type1:Demographics
Demographics1 Title1:Literacy (2011)
Demographics1 Info1:70.68%[2]
Demographics1 Title2:Sex ratio
Demographics1 Info2:1.897 ♂/♀
Leader Title1:Lok Sabha constituencies
Leader Name1:1. Pataliputra,
2. Patna sahib,
3. Munger (shared with Munger district)
Leader Title2:Vidhan Sabha constituencies
Leader Name2:14
Timezone1:IST
Utc Offset1:+05:30
Blank Name Sec1:Major highways
Blank Info Sec1:NH 30, NH 83
Blank Info Sec2: 0.811[3]

Patna district is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar state in eastern India. Patna, the capital of Bihar, is the district headquarters. The Patna district is a part of Patna division. The Patna district is divided into 6 Sub-divisions (Tehsils) i.e. Patna Sadar, Patna City, Barh, Masaurhi, Danapur and Paliganj.

As of 2011, it is the most populous district of Bihar and fifteenth most populous district in India.[4]

The revenue district of Patna comes under the jurisdiction of a District Collector (District Magistrate). The office of the Patna DM is in Patna Collectorate.

History

Patna is one of the oldest continuously inhabited places in the world.[5] Patna was founded in 490 BCE by the king of Magadha. Ancient Patna, known as Pataliputra, was the capital of the Magadha Empire under the Haryanka, Nanda, Mauryan, Shunga, Gupta and Pala empires. Pataliputra was a seat of learning and fine arts. Patliputra was home to many mathematicians, astronomers, astrologists and scholars including Gautam Buddha, Aryabhata, Panini, Vātsyāyana, Chanakya and Kālidāsa.[6] [7] Its population during the Maurya period (around 400 BCE) was about 400,000.[8] Patna served as the seat of power, political and cultural centre of the Indian subcontinent. With the fall of Gupta Empire, Patna lost its glory. It was revived again in the 17th century by the British as a centre of international trade.

Modern history

The modern district of Patna was created in September 1770 as provincial council by the British, to supervise revenue matters of Bihar. In 1793, Patna became a separate judicial district. This led the foundation of modern district.[9]

The re-organization of the districts in the State took effect in 1972. On November 9, 1972 Nalanda district was constituted by carving out the Bihar Sharif sub-division of Patna district.[10]

Geography

Patna district occupies an area of 3202km2,[11] bounded by the Son River to the west, and the Ganges to the north. In the south, it is bordered by the Nalanda, Arwal, by Jehanabad districts, in the east by Begusarai district, and by Lakhisarai to the southeast.

Administration

The Patna district is headed by an IAS officer of the rank of District Magistrate (DM). The district is divided into sub-divisions or Tehsils, each headed by a Sub Divisional Magistrate (SDM).

These Tehsils are further divided into Blocks, each headed by a Block development officer (BDO).

Tehsils

The six sub-divisions or Tehsils in Patna district are as follows:

  1. Patna Sadar
  2. Patna City
  3. Barh
  4. Masaurhi
  5. Danapur
  6. Paliganj

Blocks

The 23 Blocks in Patna district are as follows: Patna Sadar, Sampatchak, Phulwari Sharif,Fatuha, Daniyawaan, Khusrupur, Athmalgola, Mokama, Belchi, Ghoswari, Pandarak, Bakhtiyarpur, Barh, Masaurhi, Punpun, Dhanarua, Danapur, Maner, Bihta, Naubatpur, Paliganj, Dulhin Bazar and Bikram.

Industries

In Patna district the most Industries are located in Fatuha to DidarGanj.

Demographics

According to the 2011 census Patna is the 15th most populous district, with population of 5,838,465,[12] roughly equal to the nation of Nicaragua[13] or the US state of Maryland.[14] The district has a population density of 1823PD/sqkm. Its population growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 22.34%. Patna has a sex ratio of 897 females for every 1,000 males, and a literacy rate of 70.68%. 43.07% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 15.77% and 0.15% of the population respectively.[12]

At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 46.35% of the population in the district spoke Magahi, 43.77% Hindi, 5.19% Urdu, 2.67% Bhojpuri and 1.24% Maithili as their first language.[15]

Economy

In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Patna one of the country's 250 most backward districts. It is one of the 38[16] districts in Bihar currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund.[17]

Agricultural products include paddy, maize, pulses, wheat, and oilseeds. Roughly one-third of the area sown is under rice (paddy). Cash crops such as vegetables and watermelons are also grown in the Diara belt. Major industries include leather, handicrafts, and agro-processing.

Politics

Assembly

The district is divided into fourteen assembly constituencies:[18] [19] [20] [21]

Parliamentary

The district has three parliament constituencies:

-Numbers denote constituency number.

Education

Schools in Patna are either government run schools or private schools. Schools mainly use Hindi or English as the medium of instruction.[22] Under the 10+2+3/4 plan, after completing their secondary education, students typically enrol in a school with a higher secondary facility affiliated with the Bihar School Examination Board, the Central Board of Secondary Education, the National Institute of Open Schooling, or the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations.[23]

List of villages

The Patna district has 1,395 villages and 322 Gram Panchayats under all 23 Blocks. The list of villages in Patna Sadar Block is as follows:

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: District wise population in India as of 2011 census . 2011-05-24 . updateOX . 2017-12-28 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20171229052422/https://updateox.com/india/district-wise-population-india-as-of-2011-census/ . 2017-12-29 .
  2. Web site: District-specific Literates and Literacy Rates, 2001 . 5 October 2010 . Registrar General, India, Ministry of Home Affairs . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20100414170051/http://www.educationforallinindia.com/page157.html . 14 April 2010.
  3. Web site: Development of Human Development Index at District Level for EAG States. March 2016. 18 February 2022.
  4. Web site: Patna Pin Code list, Population density, literacy rate and total Area with census 2011 details . www.indiamapia.com . 2017-12-28 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20171017092950/http://www.indiamapia.com/Patna.html . 2017-10-17 .
  5. Web site: Populations of Largest Cities in PMNs from 2000BC to 1988AD . https://web.archive.org/web/20070929110844/http://www.etext.org/Politics/World.Systems/datasets/citypop/civilizations/citypops_2000BC-1988AD . 29 September 2007 . dead .
  6. Web site: Patna Tour . cultureholidays.com . 28 August 2016 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20160404022210/http://cultureholidays.com/patna/ . 4 April 2016 .
  7. Web site: Ancient Patliputra . go4patna.com . 28 August 2016 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20161018235151/http://go4patna.com/index.php/patna/history-of-patna-ancient-pataliputra . 18 October 2016 .
  8. Book: O'Malley . L. S. S. . James . J. F. W. . History of Magadha . Veena Publication . Delhi . 2005 . 23 . 978-81-89224-01-1 . 24 February 2011.
  9. Book: Singh, Vipul . The Artisans in 18th Century Eastern India, a History of Survival . 2005 . Concept Publishing Company . 9788180692352 . 2017-12-28 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20171229112133/https://books.google.com/books?id=Pp9hxBMGOmQC&pg=PA17&lpg=PA17&dq=patna+district+created+18&source=bl&ots=IK9Nr_1Vd-&sig=peFUC9MnPagIzI61lHGwEo4wNEc&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjL8s__pK3YAhVLtI8KHfHnDFQQ6AEIWDAH#v=onepage&q=patna%2520district%2520created%252018&f=false . 2017-12-29 .
  10. News: Nalanda celebrates foundation day — Times of India . The Times of India . 10 November 2017 . 2017-12-28 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20171229130859/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/nalanda-celebrates-foundation-day/articleshow/61583344.cms . 2017-12-29 .
  11. Book: Srivastava . Dayawanti. others. 1 . India 2010: A Reference Annual . States and Union Territories: Bihar: Government . 54th . . 2010 . New Delhi, India . 1118–1119 . 978-81-230-1617-7.
  12. Web site: 2011 . District Census Handbook: Patna . . Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  13. Web site: US Directorate of Intelligence . Country Comparison:Population . 1 October 2011 . Nicaragua 5,666,301 July 2011 est. . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110927165947/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html . 27 September 2011 .
  14. Web site: 2010 Resident Population Data . U. S. Census Bureau . 30 September 2011 . Maryland 5,773,552 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20131019160532/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php . 19 October 2013.
  15. Web site: 2011 . Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Bihar . censusindia.gov.in . Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  16. By: Manav Saurav : Government of Bihar website :gov.bih.nic.in/Profile/Districts.htm
  17. Web site: Ministry of Panchayati Raj. 8 September 2009. A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme. National Institute of Rural Development. 27 September 2011. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20120405033402/http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf. 5 April 2012.
  18. News: 14 segments in Patna dist this time. The Times of India. 5 October 2010 . live. https://web.archive.org/web/20171229234656/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/14-segments-in-Patna-dist-this-time/articleshow/6684796.cms. 2017-12-29.
  19. Web site: General Election 2009 Assembly constituencies. 2017-12-28. Pataliputra. India elections.co.in. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20090424091118/http://www.indiastudychannel.com/india/loksabha/635-Pataliputra.aspx. 2009-04-24.
  20. Web site: Monghyr (Munger) loksabha constituency seat election results . IndiaStudyChannel.com . 2017-12-28 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20171229052334/http://www.indiastudychannel.com/India/loksabha/137-Monghyr-Munger-Loksabha-Constituency.aspx . 2017-12-29 .
  21. Web site: Patna Sahib loksabha constituency seat election results . IndiaStudyChannel.com . 2017-12-28 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20171229112224/http://www.indiastudychannel.com/India/loksabha/140-Patna-Sahib-Loksabha-Constituency.aspx . 2017-12-29 .
  22. Book: International Aid and Private Schools for the Poor: Smiles, Miracles and Markets . Edward Elgar Publishing, 2013 . Dixon, Pauline . 2013 . 65 . 9781781953457 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20150619221812/https://books.google.com/books?id=a4cFtJv3CsQC&pg=PA65&lpg=PA65&dq=schools+patna+english+languages+of+instruction&source=bl&ots=82t9Tez_8e&sig=fa_I9HWgjyWljY3y_UxiensBHE4&hl=en&sa=X&ei=TFSEVYuqKMy6uATTmoGwDg&ved=0CE0Q6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=schools%20patna%20english%20languages%20of%20instruction&f=false . 2015-06-19 .
  23. Web site: 23 May 2015 . Class XI admission process begins in many schools . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20160304025641/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/Class-XI-admission-process-begins-in-many-schools/articleshow/47376443.cms . 4 March 2016 . 29 December 2017 . The Times of India.

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