| Pastel de nata | |
| Alternate Name: | Portuguese: Pastel de [[Belém (Lisbon)|Belém]]|italics=no Pastries of Bethlehem Chinese: 葡撻 (Cantonese) |
| Country: | Portugal |
| Region: | Belém, Lisbon (originally); produced worldwide within the Lusosphere |
| Creator: | Religious of the Jerónimos Monastery |
| Course: | Dessert |
| Served: | Fresh from oven, with cinnamon and icing sugar |
| Main Ingredient: | Egg yolks |
| Variations: | egg tart, custard tart |
| Calories: | per 100g |
Portuguese: Pastel de nata (pronounced as /pt/; : Portuguese: pastéis de nata; pronounced as /pt/) is a Portuguese egg custard tart pastry, optionally dusted with cinnamon.[1] Outside Portugal, they are particularly popular in other parts of Western Europe, Asia and former Portuguese colonies, such as Brazil, Mozambique, Macau, Goa and East Timor. The Macanese variant has been adopted by KFC and is available in regions such as mainland China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Thailand and Singapore. In Indonesia, this pastry is especially popular in Kampung Tugu, Jakarta, a culturally Portuguese (Mardijker) enclave.[2]
Portuguese: Pastéis de nata tarts are pastries inspired by an original recipe called Portuguese: Pastéis de Belém, which were created before the 18th century by Catholic monks at the Jerónimos Monastery in the civil parish of Saint Mary of Bethlehem, in Lisbon.[3] At the time, convents and monasteries used large quantities of egg-whites for starching clothes, such as friars and nuns' religious habits. It was quite common for monasteries and convents to use the leftover egg yolks to make cakes and pastries, resulting in the proliferation of sweet pastry recipes throughout the country.
In the aftermath of the Liberal Revolution of 1820, following the dissolution of religious orders and in the face of the impending closure of many convents and monasteries, the monks started selling Portuguese: pastéis de nata|italics=no at a nearby sugar refinery to bring in revenue. In 1834, the monastery was closed and the recipe sold to the sugar refinery, whose owners in 1837 opened the Portuguese: Fábrica de Pastéis de Belém|italics=no. The descendants own the business to this day.[4]
Since the opening of Portuguese: Fábrica de Pastéis de Belém|italics=no, the original recipe that inspired Portuguese: pastel de nata|italics=no varieties is kept in a secret room. The Portuguese: Fábrica de Pastéis de Belém|italics=no is, therefore, the only place on earth that produces the original pastry that inspired many variations commonly known as "Portuguese: pastéis de nata|italics=no"; the shop is located just a short three-minute walk from the Jerónimos Monastery.[5] The shop offers both takeout and sit-in services and sells over 20,000 pastéis a day.[6] Usually the tart is sprinkled with canela (cinnamon), and often accompanied with bica (a strong espresso coffee).
In 2009 The Guardian listed Portuguese: pastéis de Belém|italics=no as one of the 50 "best things to eat" in the world.[7] In 2011, following the result of a public vote, the pastry was announced as one of Portugal's Seven Wonders of Gastronomy, further cementing it as one of the country's most popular national dishes.[8]