| Assembly of the Republic | |
| Coa Pic: | Emblem of Mozambique.svg |
| Coa Res: | 110px |
| Native Name: | Assembleia da República |
| House Type: | Unicameral |
| Foundation: | 1977[1] |
| Leader1 Type: | President of the Assembly |
| Leader1: | Esperança Bias |
| Party1: | FRELIMO |
| Election1: | 13 January 2020 |
| Members: | 250 |
| Structure1: | Mozambique Assembly of the Republic 2019.svg |
| Structure1 Res: | 250px |
| Political Groups1: | Government (184)
Opposition (66) |
| Voting System1: | Party-list proportional representation D'Hondt method with 5% threshold |
| Last Election1: | 15 October 2019 |
| Session Room: | Assembleia da República Mozambique.jpg |
| Session Res: | 250px |
| Meeting Place: | Palácio da Assembleia da República Maputo, Mozambique |
The Assembly of the Republic is the unicameral legislative body of the Republic of Mozambique established in 1977.
The current parliament has 250 members who are directly elected through a system of party-list proportional representation and serve five-year terms. Parties must receive at least five percent of the vote nationally to gain parliamentary representation. Parliamentary debates and business are conducted entirely in Portuguese. Three parties are represented in the parliament: FRELIMO, RENAMO and the Democratic Movement of Mozambique. After the 2014 election, RENAMO MPs have refused to take office, since the party considered the electoral act had been fraudulent, but they resumed their duties in February 2015.[2]
The President of the Assembly is the second-highest figure in the state hierarchy of Mozambique, and will replace the President of Mozambique in case of incapacity.[3] The permanent position of President of the Assembly was only established in 1986. Previously the position was filled by the President of the People's Republic of Mozambique.[4]
| Name | Took office | Left office | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Samora Machel | 1977 | 1986 | Ex officio | |
| Marcelino dos Santos | 1986 | 1994 | [5] | |
| Eduardo Mulémbwè | 1994 | 2009 | ||
| Verónica Macamo | 12 January 2010 | 13 January 2020 | [6] | |
| Esperança Bias | 13 January 2020 | Incumbent | [7] |
See main article: 2019 Mozambican general election.
| Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FRELIMO | 4,323,298 | 71.28 | 184 | +40 | ||
| RENAMO | 1,351,659 | 22.28 | 60 | –29 | ||
| Democratic Movement of Mozambique | 254,290 | 4.19 | 6 | –11 | ||
| AMUSI | 27,277 | 0.45 | 0 | |||
| New Democracy | 25,046 | 0.41 | 0 | |||
| Unity for Change | 8,347 | 0.14 | 0 | |||
| Optimistic People for the Development of Mozambique | 6,768 | 0.11 | 0 | |||
| National Reconciliation Party | 6,469 | 0.11 | 0 | |||
| Patriotic Movement for Democracy | 5,883 | 0.10 | 0 | |||
| Unity Party for Reconciliation | 5,399 | 0.09 | 0 | |||
| Greens Party of Mozambique | 5,361 | 0.09 | 0 | |||
| Workers' Party | 5,173 | 0.09 | 0 | |||
| National Party of the Mozambican People/CRD | 4,143 | 0.07 | 0 | |||
| Youth Movement for the Restoration of Democracy | 4,054 | 0.07 | 0 | |||
| National Movement for the Recovery of Mozambican Unity | 3,820 | 0.06 | 0 | |||
| Electoral Union | 3,769 | 0.06 | 0 | |||
| People's Progress Party of Mozambique | 3,431 | 0.06 | 0 | |||
| Social Renewal Party | 3,365 | 0.06 | 0 | |||
| Ecological Party of Mozambique | 3,313 | 0.05 | 0 | |||
| Party of Liberty and Development | 2,868 | 0.05 | 0 | |||
| Democratic Unity | 2,720 | 0.04 | 0 | |||
| Ecological Party – Land Movement | 2,579 | 0.04 | 0 | |||
| Democratic Justice Party of Mozambique | 2,036 | 0.03 | 0 | |||
| Social Enlargement Party of Mozambique | 2,006 | 0.03 | 0 | |||
| National Party of Workers and Peasants | 1,783 | 0.03 | 0 | |||
| Democratic Union of Mozambique | 664 | 0.01 | 0 | |||
| Invalid/blank votes | 700,895 | – | – | – | ||
| Total | 6,766,416 | 100 | 250 | |||
| 13,162,321 | 51.41 | – | – | |||
| Source: STAE | ||||||
| Political Party | Election Year | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1994 | 1999 | 2004 | 2009 | 2014 | ||||
| Mozambique Liberation Front (FRELIMO) | 129 | 133 | 160 | 191 | 144 | |||
| Mozambican National Resistance (RENAMO) | 112 | - | - | 51 | 89 | |||
| Mozambican National Resistance-Electoral Union (RENAMO-UE) | - | 117 | 90 | - | - | |||
| Democratic Movement of Mozambique (MDM) | - | - | - | 8 | 17 | |||
| Democratic Union (UD) | 9 | - | - | - | - | |||
| Total | 250 | 250 | 250 | 250 | 250 | |||