Parathyroid hormone family explained

The parathyroid hormone family is a family of structurally and functionally related proteins. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is a polypeptidic hormone primarily involved in calcium metabolism. The parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTH-rP) is a related protein with predominantly paracrine function and possibly an endocrine role in lactation, as PTHrP has been found to be secreted by mammary glands into the circulation and increase bone turnover.[1] [2] PTH and PTH-rP bind to the same G-protein coupled receptor.[3] The related protein PTH-L has been found in teleost fish, which also have two forms of PTH and PTHrP.[4] Three subfamilies can be identified: PTH, PTHrP and PTH-L.[5]

Human proteins containing this domain

Notes and References

  1. VanHouten JN, Dann P, Stewart AF, Watson CJ, Pollak M, Karaplis AC, Wysolmerski JJ . Mammary-specific deletion of parathyroid hormone-related protein preserves bone mass during lactation . J. Clin. Invest. . 112 . 9 . 1429–36 . November 2003 . 14597768 . 228471 . 10.1172/JCI19504 .
  2. McCauley LK, Martin TJ . Twenty-five years of PTHrP progress: from cancer hormone to multifunctional cytokine . J. Bone Miner. Res. . 27 . 6 . 1231–9 . June 2012 . 22549910 . 10.1002/jbmr.1617 . 4871126.
  3. Martin TJ, Allan EH, Caple IW, Care AD, Danks JA, Diefenbach-Jagger H, Ebeling PR, Gillespie MT, Hammonds G, Heath JA . Parathyroid hormone-related protein: isolation, molecular cloning, and mechanism of action . Recent Prog. Horm. Res. . 45 . 467–502; discussion 502–6 . 1989 . 2682846 . 10.1016/b978-0-12-571145-6.50014-5. 9780125711456 .
  4. Pinheiro PL, Cardoso JC, Gomes AS, Fuentes J, Power DM, Canário AV . Gene structure, transcripts and calciotropic effects of the PTH family of peptides in Xenopus and chicken . BMC Evol. Biol. . 10 . 373 . 2010 . 21122104 . 3009671 . 10.1186/1471-2148-10-373 . free .
  5. Guerreiro PM, Renfro JL, Power DM, Canario AV . The parathyroid hormone family of peptides: structure, tissue distribution, regulation, and potential functional roles in calcium and phosphate balance in fish . Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. . 292 . 2 . R679–96 . February 2007 . 17023665 . 10.1152/ajpregu.00480.2006 . 10.1.1.319.8873 .

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