Pará River Explained

Pará River
Subdivision Type1:Country
Subdivision Name1:Brazil
Source1 Location:Confluence of Anapu and Pacajá, Pará state
Source1 Coordinates:-1.9077°N -50.8173°W
Source2:Anapu
Source2 Location:Carajás Mountains, Pará
Source2 Coordinates:-4.0309°N -51.2314°W
Source3:Pacajá
Source3 Location:Carajás Mountains, Pará
Source3 Coordinates:-4.9734°N -50.778°W
Mouth Location:Marajó Bay, Pará
Mouth Coordinates:-0.4301°N -48.1448°W
Progression:Atlantic Ocean
Length:320km (200miles) (Pará–Anapu [1]
Discharge2 Avg:9249m3/s[2] to [3]
Tributaries Left:Anapu, Breves channel, Arari
Tributaries Right:Pacajá, Jacundá, Tocantins, Acará, Guamá
Discharge3 Location:Portel, Pará (320 km upstream of mouth; Basin size:
Discharge3 Avg:(Period: 1971–2000)[4]
Discharge2 Location:Confluence of Tocantins (141 km upstream of mouth; Basin size
Discharge1 Location:Atlantic Ocean (near mouth)
Discharge1 Avg:20946m3/s[5] ~664km3/year[6] to [7]

The Pará River, also called Parauaú River, Jacaré Grande River, Marajó River Channel, Macacos River Channel, Santa Maria River Channel and Bocas Bay, is a watercourse and immense estuarine complex that functions as a canal between the rivers Amazon (Amazon delta), Tocantins, Campina Grande (or Portel Bay) and Marajó Bay, in addition to numerous other smaller rivers. It can also be considered a distributary channel of the Tocantins River.

It is located in the state of Pará, Brazil. It presents muddy and turbid waters, rich in sediments originating from its source rivers.

Runs for approximately 40abbr=outNaNabbr=out, around the west and south of the island of Marajó. Belém, the state capital of Pará, is located near the south bank of the river.

Previously academic research has come to consider this watercourse as a distributary channel of the Amazon River. However, this statement is currently considered unlikely, since recent studies have shown the small contribution of the waters of the Amazon River to the formation of the Pará River,[8] with a greater contribution from the Tocantins River.

See also

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Tocantins Delta.
  2. Prestes . Yuri Onça . Borba . Thais Angélica da Costa . Silva . Alex Costa da . Rollnic . Marcelo . A discharge stationary model for the Pará-Amazon estuarine system . Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies . 2020 . 28 . 100668 . 10.1016/j.ejrh.2020.100668 . 213143882 . free .
  3. Book: Les apports en eau de l'Amazone á l'océan Atlantique. Jacques. Callède. Gèrard. Cochonneau. Josyane. Ronchail. F. Vieira. Alves. Jean-Loup. Guyot. V. S.. Guimaraes. Euridice. Oliveira. 2010.
  4. Web site: Tocantins Delta.
  5. Prestes . Yuri Onça . Borba . Thais Angélica da Costa . Silva . Alex Costa da . Rollnic . Marcelo . A discharge stationary model for the Pará-Amazon estuarine system . Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies . 2020 . 28 . 100668 . 10.1016/j.ejrh.2020.100668 . 213143882 . free .
  6. Prestes . Yuri Onça . Borba . Thais Angélica da Costa . Silva . Alex Costa da . Rollnic . Marcelo . A discharge stationary model for the Pará-Amazon estuarine system . Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies . 2020 . 28 . 100668 . 10.1016/j.ejrh.2020.100668 . 213143882 . free .
  7. Book: Les apports en eau de l'Amazone á l'océan Atlantique. Jacques. Callède. Gèrard. Cochonneau. Josyane. Ronchail. F. Vieira. Alves. Jean-Loup. Guyot. V. S.. Guimaraes. Euridice. Oliveira. 2010.
  8. Les apports en eau de l'Amazone à l'Océan Atlantique. Callède. Jacques. 2010. Revue des Sciences de l'EAU. 23. 3. 247–273. 10.7202/044688ar. free.