| Paolo Costa | |
| Office: | Member of the European Parliament |
| Term Start: | 20 July 2004 |
| Term End: | 1 July 2014 |
| Constituency: | North-East Italy |
| Office2: | Mayor of Venice |
| Term Start2: | 30 April 2000 |
| Term End2: | 18 April 2005 |
| Predecessor2: | Massimo Cacciari |
| Successor2: | Massimo Cacciari |
| Office3: | Minister of Public Works |
| Term Start3: | 20 November 1996 |
| Term End3: | 21 October 1998 |
| Primeminister3: | Romano Prodi |
| Predecessor3: | Antonio Di Pietro |
| Successor3: | Enrico Luigi Micheli |
| Birth Date: | 23 July 1943 |
| Birth Place: | Venice, Italy |
| Nationality: | Italian |
| Alma Mater: | Ca' Foscari University |
| Profession: | Economist University professor |
| Party: | Democratic Party |
Paolo Costa (born 23 July 1943) is the president of the Venice Port Authority. He was elected as an Italian member of the European Parliament in 1999 and 2004, and since 2003 he was the chair of the Committee on Transport and Tourism at the European Parliament. He was elected on the Olive Tree ticket and sat with the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe group.
Before entering politics he held numerous posts in planning and economics at Ca' Foscari University of Venice, University of Reading, U.K., and New York University. He served as pro-rector of Ca' Foscari University in Venice (1992–1996). He was a member of Venice City Council (1997–2000) and mayor of Venice (2000–2005). He was chairman of the Council of AISRE (Italian Association of Regional Science) (1982–1984); member of the Scientific Committee for the Italian General Transport Plan (1985–1987), and Italian Minister for Public Works (1996–1998). He received the honour of Knight of the Grand Cross, Order of Merit of the Italian Republic in 1998.