| County: | Panola County |
| State: | Texas |
| Founded: | 1846 |
| Seat Wl: | Carthage |
| Largest City Wl: | Carthage |
| Area Total Sq Mi: | 821 |
| Area Land Sq Mi: | 802 |
| Area Water Sq Mi: | 20 |
| Area Percentage: | 2.4 |
| Census Yr: | 2020 |
| Pop: | 22491 |
| Density Sq Mi: | auto |
| Ex Image: | File:Carthage July 2017 09 (Panola County Courthouse).jpg |
| Ex Image Size: | 250 |
| Ex Image Cap: | The Panola County Courthouse in Carthage |
| Web: | www.co.panola.tx.us |
| Time Zone: | Central |
| District: | 1st |
Panola County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 22,491.[1] The county seat is Carthage.[2] Located in East Texas and originally developed for cotton plantations, the county's name is derived from a Choctaw word for cotton.
Until 2013, Panola County was one of about 30[3] entirely dry counties in Texas: the sale of alcohol was restricted or prohibited.
Jonathon Anderson, a migrant from the United States and founder of Panola County, donated nearly 100 acres of land in the 1800s to get the county started.[4] Panola County was formed in 1846 from sections of Harrison and Shelby counties. Developed for cotton plantations, it was named after a Choctaw/Chickasaw word for cotton. In the antebellum years, planters used enslaved African Americans as workers on their large plantations. After the Civil War, freedmen worked largely as tenant farmers and sharecroppers in this area.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of, of which are land and (2.4%) are covered by water.[5]
The TTC-69 component (recommended preferred) of the once-planned Trans-Texas Corridor went through Panola County.[6]
| White alone (NH) | 17,521 | 16,098 | 73.63% | 71.58% | |
| Black or African American alone (NH) | 3,850 | 3,244 | 16.18% | 14.42% | |
| Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) | 84 | 96 | 0.35% | 0.43% | |
| Asian alone (NH) | 72 | 99 | 0.30% | 0.44% | |
| Pacific Islander alone (NH) | 3 | 7 | 0.01% | 0.03% | |
| Some Other Race alone (NH) | 24 | 26 | 0.10% | 0.12% | |
| Mixed Race/Multi-Racial (NH) | 272 | 731 | 1.14% | 3.25% | |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 1,970 | 2,190 | 8.28% | 9.74% | |
| Total | 23,796 | 22,491 | 100.00% | 100.00% |
As of the census[10] of 2000, 22,756 people, 8,821 households, and 6,395 families resided in the county. The population density was 28/mi2. The 10,524 housing units averaged 13adj=preNaNadj=pre. The racial makeup of the county was 78.78% White, 17.67% Black or African American, 0.36% Native American, 0.24% Asian, 1.87% from other races, and 1.07% from two or more races. About 3.5% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
Of the 8,821 households, 32.00% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.90% were married couples living together, 11.30% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.50% were not families; 25.10% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.80% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 3.02.
In the county, the population was distributed as 25.20% under the age of 18, 9.20% from 18 to 24, 25.10% from 25 to 44, 24.60% from 45 to 64, and 15.80% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.30 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.10 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $31,909, and for a family was $37,595. Males had a median income of $31,333 versus $19,017 for females. The per capita income for the county was $15,439. About 11.60% of families and 14.10% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.50% of those under age 18 and 16.10% of those age 65 or over.
These school districts serve Panola County:
Panola College, a junior college, has operated in Carthage since 1947.