Panicker Explained

Panicker was an honorary title conferred by the King of Travancore in Kerala to distinguished Hindu individuals. This title was given to prominent Nair, Syriac Orthodox Christians, Kaniyars and Ezhavas.^[1]

History

Kalaris in Kerala were established during different periods. The formation of Kerala is interlinked with the story of Parashurama. It is believed that Parashurama established 108 kalaris across Kerala.^[2] Several kalaris were established during the reign of Kulasekharas. In the 12th century towards the end of Perumal era, the present state of Kerala was divided into small autonomous provinces called Nadus and ruled by its Kings. During the Kulasekhara rule and later the kings of Nadus brought in warriors from Tulu Nadu.

The Portuguese traveller Duarte Barbosa said that "They are the skillful men who teach this art Kalarippayattu, and they are called the Panickers: these are the captains in war."^[3] In Journal of the Epigraphical Society of India it, is given that "The teachers of martial arts in order to distinguish themselves from other Panikkars, named themselves as Vanma, Varma Panikkars, Other titles include a middle name of "Kalarikkal" (literally, 'of the kalari') generally following the name of the respective 'kalari' to which he/she belongs to.^{[4] [5]}

Kalari Panicker is a different caste in Kerala and should not be confused with Nair panicker. The National Commission of Backward Classes lists Kalari Panicker under the list of OBCs.^[6]

Meloot Panicker

"Meloot is a prominent varma family in kerala (descendant of Chera dynasty). During their dynasty period, the Meloot family branched themselves into two formations - Ruling authority and Military authority. Henceforth the military authority Meloot Varmas were acknowledged as Panickers (warrior) and upheld the kingdom's shield and administration.^[7] Varmas received principal royalty status from The Kingdom of Travancore Since 1827 for their service . They are chiefly known as Meloot Varma Panickers or Meloot Panickers."^[8] At present, Kalaripayattu is not practiced or followed in some of the Meloot families, yet they keep their tradition and heritage very close to them.

Notable people

• Arattupuzha Velayudha Panicker, 19th Century Warrior and Social Reformer.
• Muloor S. Padmanabha Panicker, Malayalam poet and prominent social reformer
• Dinesh Panicker, film producer and actor
• Ayyappa Paniker, poet
• Cherayi Panicker, Army head of Zamorin
• G.N.Panicker, literary figure
• K. M. Panikkar (1895–1963), statesman and diplomat, professor, newspaper editor, historian and novelist
• K. N. Panikkar (born 1936), historian
• Kadammanitta Ramakrishnan (born M. R. Ramakrishna Panicker), writer
• Kavalam Madhava Panikkar, diplomat and writer
• Kavalam Narayana Panicker, dramatist, theater director, and poet
• N. Kesava Panikkar, zoologist
• P. K. Narayana Panicker, former General Secretary and President of the Nair Service Society
• P. N. Panicker, father of the Library Movement
• Prem Panicker, cricket journalist
• Puthumana Panicker: Title held by the Padanair(head of army) from Puthumana family^[9]
• Chandroth Panicker: Title held by the Padanair from Chandroth family, 15-year-old boy warrior chandroth chanthunni hailed from chandroth family
• Kokat Panicker: Title held by the Padanair from Kokat family
• Verkot Panicker: Title held by the Padanair from Verkot family^[10]
• Rahul Panicker, entrepreneur, president and co-founder of Embrace Innovations
• Renji Panicker, journalist, script writer, producer, actor, and director
• Niranam poets:
  • Madhava Panikkar, one of the Niranam poets
  • Rama Panikkar, one of the Niranam poets
  • Sankara Panikkar, one of the Niranam poets

See also Panikkar

Notes and References

1. Book: Osella . Filippo . Social Mobility in Kerala: Modernity and Identity in Conflict . Osella . Caroline . Pluto Press . 2000 . 978-0-7453-1693-2 . 55.
2. Book: Keralolpathi (The origin of Malabar).
3. Book: Indian and Oriental Arms and Armour . Lord Egerton of Tatton. Courier Dover Publications . 2002. 80.
4. Book: Nossiter, T. J. (Thomas Johnson). Communism in Kerala : a study in political adaptation. 1982. University of California Press for the Royal Institute of International Affairs, London. Royal Institute of International Affairs.. 0-520-04667-6. Berkeley. 9602086.
5. Panikkar. K. M.. July 1918. Some Aspects of Nayar Life.. The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland. 48. 242–248. 10.2307/2843423. 2843423. 0307-3114.
6. Web site: National Commission for Backward Classes.
7. Book: Thampuran ., Ramavarma Appan. Bhootharayar. 1923. 86–127.
8. Book: Sreedhara Menon, A.. A survey of Kerala history. 2007. D C Books. 978-81-264-1578-6. Kerala State, India. 426093919.
9. Web site: മാമാങ്കം: ചോര കൊണ്ടെഴുതിയ വീരചരിത്രങ്ങൾ; പോരാട്ടം, മരണം വരെ. ManoramaOnline. ml. 2019-12-07.
10. Web site: Festivals in Ancient Kerala: Mamankam . Kerals.com . https://web.archive.org/web/20160304110019/http://kerals.com/keralatourism/kerala.php?t=83. dead. 2016-03-04. 2016-03-04. 2019-12-07.