| Pamphylia Tanailidi | |
| Birth Date: | 1891 |
| Birth Place: | Bashkand |
| Death Place: | Baku |
| Nationality: | Azerbaijani |
| Occupation: | Actress |
| Notable Works: | Goveh the Blacksmith |
Pamphylia Tanailidi, often spelled as Panfilia Tanailidi (Azerbaijani: Panfiliya Tanailidi, Greek, Modern (1453-);: Παμφυλία Ταναϊλίδη; 1891, Bashkand - 15 October 1937, Baku) was an Azerbaijani actress of Pontic Greek origin.
Tanailidi was born in the village of Bashkand (then Zangezur uyezd, Elisabethpol Governorate of Russia; nowadays the village of Mutsk, Syunik province, Armenia) to a family of émigrés from Kars. She first appeared on stage in 1905 as an Azeri drama trouper in Tiflis (the troupe was reorganized into the Azerbaijani Theatre of Tbilisi in 1922), where she acted in plays by Hajibeyov, Jabbarli, Shakespeare, etc. in both Azeri and Greek languages. At that time, Tanailidi was often credited as Surayya Zangasurskaya (Azeri: Sürəyya Zəngəzurskaya). In 1917, she toured Iran along with prominent Azeri actors of the time. Playing the part of Asya in Hajibeyov's Arshin Mal Alan musical comedy in 1919 brought her great success. In 1924, she settled in Baku and started working at the Azerbaijan State Academic National Drama Theatre. Later she starred in the movies Ismat (1934) and Almaz (1936).
In 1937, Pamphylia Tanailidi was accused by the Soviet government of being an Iranian spy. Her close friendship with Govhar Gaziyeva (Azerbaijani actress and Tanailidi's co-trouper, who emigrated to Iran upon Azerbaijan's Sovietization in 1920) and Ahmed Trinić (an Albanian-born journalist, who was imprisoned in 1936 and committed suicide a year later) was considered enough evidence to condemn her of espionage. Tanailidi refused to plead guilty. After a fifteen-minute trial, she was given the death sentence, and on 15 October 1937 she was executed by firing squad. The location of her burial place remains unknown even today.
In 1957, Pamphylia Tanailidi was officially exonerated.