Palmitoleoylation Explained

Palmitoleoylation should not be confused with palmitoylation.

Palmitoleoylation is type of protein lipidation where the monounsaturated fatty acid palmitoleic acid is covalently attached to serine or threonine residues of proteins.^{[1] [2]} Palmitoleoylation appears to play a significant role in trafficking and targeting and function of Wnt proteins.^{[3] [4] [5]}

O-Palmitoleoylation of Wnt proteins is catalysed by PORCN. The inverse reaction is done by NOTUM.^[6]

Notes and References

1. Hannoush. Rami N.. 2015. Synthetic protein lipidation. Current Opinion in Chemical Biology. 28. 39–46. 10.1016/j.cbpa.2015.05.025. 1879-0402. 26080277.
2. Book: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Vertebrate Development : Maternal to Zygotic Control. 2017. Springer International Publishing. Pelegri F. Danilchik M. Sutherland A. 9783319460956. Cham. 979974353.
3. Hosseini. Vahid. Dani. Christian. Geranmayeh. Mohammad Hossein. Mohammadzadeh. Fatemeh. Nazari Soltan Ahmad. Saeed. Darabi. Masoud. 2018-10-20. Wnt lipidation: Roles in trafficking, modulation, and function. Journal of Cellular Physiology. 234. 6. 8040–8054. 10.1002/jcp.27570. 1097-4652. 30341908.
4. Nile. Aaron H.. Hannoush. Rami N.. February 2016. Fatty acylation of Wnt proteins. Nature Chemical Biology. 12. 2. 60–69. 10.1038/nchembio.2005. 1552-4469. 26784846.
5. Takada R, Satomi Y, Kurata T, Ueno N, Norioka S, Kondoh H, Takao T, Takada S . Monounsaturated fatty acid modification of Wnt protein: its role in Wnt secretion . Dev Cell . 2006 . 11 . 6 . 791–801 . 17141155 . 10.1016/j.devcel.2006.10.003. free .
6. 10.1016/j.tibs.2017.04.004 . 28602500 . Dynamic Protein Acylation: New Substrates, Mechanisms, and Drug Targets . Trends in Biochemical Sciences . 42 . 7 . 566–581 . 2017 . Lanyon-Hogg . Thomas . Faronato . Monica . Serwa . Remigiusz A. . Tate . Edward W. . 10044/1/48121 . free .