Paleobiota of the Solnhofen Limestone explained

Solnhofen Limestone
Type:	Geological formation
Age:	Kimmeridgian-Tithonian^[1]
Prilithology:	Lithographic limestone^[2]
Period:	Jurassic
Otherlithology:	Slate,Dolomite, Flint
Namedfor:	Solnhofen
Region:	Bavaria
Country:	Germany
Underlies:	Usseltal Formation
Overlies:	Treuchtlingen Formation
Map:	Map of the Ettling quarry - Journal.pone.0116140.g001.png

The Solnhofen Limestone or Solnhofen Plattenkalk is a collective term for multiple Late Jurassic lithographic limestones in southeastern Germany, which is famous for its well preserved fossil flora and fauna dating to the late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian-Tithonian). The paleoenvironment is also often referred to as the Solnhofen Archipelago. The Solnhofen Archipelago was located at the northern edge of the Tethys Ocean as part of a shallow epicontinental sea and is firmly a part of the Mediterranean realm.^[3]

Chondrichthyes

Holocephali

!Genus!Species!Locality!Formation!Material!Notes!Images

Chimaeropsis^[4]	C. paradoxa	Solnhofen, Eichstätt	Altmühltal Formation	Fragmentary cranial remains and one complete specimen^[5]	Holotype destroyed in WW2 airraid
Ischyodus	I. egertoni	Eichstätt, Wattendorf	Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation	Multiple complete specimens
	I. quenstedti				May be a junior synonym of I. egertoni
Elasmodectes	E. avitus	Eichstätt, Blumenberg, Wintershof	Altmühltal Formation	Multiple complete specimens
Chimaerotheca	C. schernfeldensis				Egg capsules of an unknown chimaera

Elasmobranchii

!Genus!Species!Locality!Formation!Material!Notes!Images

Hybodus (Egertonodus?)	H. fraasi	Solnhofen	Altmühltal Formation	Almost complete but poorly preserved specimen
Asteracanthus	A. ornatissimus	Solnhofen	Altmühltal Formation	Single almost complete specimen of a 2 meter long female
Strophodus	S. sp	Mühlheim	Mörnsheim Formation	Articulated set of jaws and teeth

Neoselachii

!Genus!Species!Locality!Formation!Material!Notes!Images

Sphenodus	S. nitidus	Solnhofen	Altmühltal Formation	Incomplete skeletal remains and isolated teeth
	S. macer	Solnhofen	Altmühltal Formation	Incomplete skeletal remains and isolated teeth
Synechodus	S. ungeri	Solnhofen	Altmühltal Formation	Almost complete skeleton and isolated teeth
Paraorthacodus	P. jurensis	Haunsfeld, Blumenberg, Schernfeld, Solnhofen	Altmühltal Formation	Several complete specimens
Macrourogaleous	M. hassei	Eichstätt	Altmühltal Formation	Several complete specimens

Batomorphii

!Genus!Species!Locality!Formation!Material!Notes!Images

Asterodermus	A. platypterus	Solnhofen, Kelheim, Blumenberg, Birkhof	Altmühltal Formation	Several complete specimens
Spathobatis	S. bugesiacus	Eichstätt, Solnhofen	Altmühltal Formation	Several complete specimens
Rajitheca	R. sp			Several specimens in private collections	Egg capsules of Batomorphs

Heterodontiformes

!Genus!Species!Locality!Formation!Material!Notes!Images

Paracestracion	P. falcifer	Solnhofen? Eichstätt	Altmühltal Formation	Complete skeleton, potentially more specimens
	P. viohli	Schamhaupten	Torleite Formation	Single incomplete skeleton
	P. danieli	Eichstätt	Altmühltal Formation	Single incomplete skeleton
Heterodontus	H. zitteli	Eichstätt	Altmühltal Formation	Single complete skeleton lacking teeth, several other specimens may be referrable

Orectolobiformes

!Genus!Species!Locality!Formation!Material!Notes!Images

Phorcynis	P. catulina	Eichstätt, Zandt, Blumenberg	Altmühltal Formation	Several skeletons
Palaeorectolobus	P. agomphius	Kelheim	Altmühltal Formation	One incomplete specimen

Carcharhiniformes

!Genus!Species!Locality!Formation!Material!Notes!Images

Bavariscyllium	B. tischlingeri	Eichstätt	Altmühltal Formation	Several complete specimens
Palaeoscyllium	P. formosum	Solnhofen	Altmühltal Formation	Several complete specimens
Scyliorhinotheca	S. sp				egg capsule of a catshark

Lamniformes

!Genus!Species!Locality!Formation!Material!Notes!Images

Palaeocarcharias

P. stromeri

Eichstätt, Kelheim, Solnhofen

Altmühltal Formation

Several complete specimens

Hexanchiformes

!Genus!Species!Locality!Formation!Material!Notes!Images

Crassodontidanus	C. serranus	Eichstätt, Daiting	Altmühltal Formation	Isolated Teeth
Notidanoides	N. muensteri	Eichstätt, Daiting	Altmühltal Formation	Isolated teeth, one almost complete skeleton was presumably destroyed during WW2	Another incomplete skeleton of the Genus is known from the Nusplingen limestone

Squatiniformes

!Genus!Species!Locality!Formation!Material!Notes!Images

Pseudorhina	P. acanthoderma		Altmühltal Formation	Several complete specimens
	P. alifera	Eichstätt	Altmühltal Formation	Several complete specimens

Other

!Genus!Species!Locality!Formation!Material!Notes!Images

Protospinax

P. annectans

Solnhofen, Eichstätt

Altmühltal Formation

Several complete specimens

Osteognathostomata

Chondostrei

Genus	Species	Locality	Formation	Material	Notes	Images
Coccolepis^[6]	C. bucklandi	Eichstätt, Blumenberg	Altmühltal Formation	Several complete Specimens
	C. solnhofensis^[7]	Solnhofen	Altmühltal Formation

Pycnodontiformes

Genus	Species	Locality	Formation	Material	Notes	Images
Arduafrons^[8]	A. prominoris	Blumenberg, Wintershof, Painten	Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation	Several complete specimens
Apomesodon^[9]	A. comosus	Eichstätt	Altmühltal Formation
	A. sp	Eichstätt, Painten	Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation
Eomesodon^[10]	E. gibbosus	Blumenberg, Wintershof, Painten	Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation	Several complete specimens
Gyrodus	G. circularis	Eichstätt, Painten	Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation	Dozens of complete specimens
	G. hexagonus	Solnhofen, Eichstätt, Painten, Schamhaupten, Brunn	Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation	Dozens of complete specimens
Mesturus	M. verrucosus	Eichstätt, Painten	Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation	Several complete specimens
Macromesodon	M. heckeli
	M. macropterus	Kelheim	Torleite Formation
Piranhamesodon^[11]	P. pinnatomus	Ettling		Singular partial skeleton
Proscinetes	P. elegans	Eichstätt. Ettling	Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation	Dozens of complete specimens
	P. formosus
	P. bernardi^[12]	Schamhaupten, Ettling, Painten	Torleite Formation	Several complete specimens
Turbomesodon^[13]	T. relegans	Eichstätt, Ettling	Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation
Turboscinetes	T. egertoni	Ettling
Thiollierepycnodus^[14]	T. wagneri	Wattendorf	Torleite Formation

Ginglymodi

Lepisosteiformes

Genus	Species	Locality	Formation	Material	Notes	Images
"Lepidotes"^[15]	"L." decoratus
	"L." intermedius
	"L." oblongus
	"L." pustulosus
	"L." subovatus
	"L." unguiculatus
Scheenstia^[16]	S. maximus
	S. decoratus
	S. zappi^[17]	Schamhaupten	Torleite Formation	Single almost complete specimen

Semionotiformes

Genus	Species	Locality	Formation	Material	Notes	Images
Callipurbeckia	C. notopterus
Macrosemimimus^[18]	M. fegerti	Ettling		Multiple complete specimens

Macrosemiidae

Genus	Species	Locality	Formation	Material	Notes	Images
Histionotus^[19]	H. oberndorferi	Kelheim	Torleite Formation	Two incomplete specimens
Macrosemius	M. rostratus	Eichstätt, Solnhofen, Painten	Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation	Dozens of complete specimens
	M. fourneti	Brunn	Torleite Formation	One complete specimen
Notagogus	N. decoratus
	N. denticulatus	Eichstätt, Schamhaupten, Painten, Brunn, Ettling?	Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation	Dozens of complete specimens
Palaeomacrosemius^[20]	P. thiollieri	Eichstätt, Solnhofen, Ettling	Altmühltal Formation	Several complete specimens
Propterus	P. elongatus	Eichstätt	Altmühltal Formation	Several complete specimens
	P. microstomus	Eichstätt	Altmühltal Formation	Several complete specimens
Eusemius?	E. beatae
Voelklichthys^[21]	V. comitatus	Painten	Torleite Formation	Singular specimen

Dapediiformes

Notes and References

1. Schweigert, G. 2007. Ammonite biostratigraphy as a tool for dating Upper Jurassic lithographic limestones from South Germany – first results and open questions." Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen, 245(1): 117-125.
2. Rauhut, O. W., Heyng, A. M., López-Arbarello, A., & Hecker, A. (2012). A new rhynchocephalian from the Late Jurassic of Germany with a dentition that is unique amongst tetrapods. PLoS ONE, 7(10): e46839.
3. Tyborowski . Daniel . Błażejowski . Błażej . December 2019 . New marine reptile fossils from the Late Jurassic of Poland with implications for vertebrate faunas palaeobiogeography . Proceedings of the Geologists' Association . en . 130 . 6 . 741–751 . 10.1016/j.pgeola.2019.09.004.
4. Duffin . Christopher J. . Lauer . Bruce . Lauer . René . 2022-11-30 . Chimaeroid egg cases from the Late Jurassic of the Solnhofen area (S Germany) . Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen . 306 . 2 . 161–175 . 10.1127/njgpa/2022/1101 . 0077-7749.
5. Villalobos-Segura . Eduardo . Stumpf . Sebastian . Türtscher . Julia . Jambura . Patrick . Begat . Arnaud . López-Romero . Faviel . Fischer . Jan . Kriwet . Jürgen . 2023-03-08 . A Synoptic Review of the Cartilaginous Fishes (Chondrichthyes: Holocephali, Elasmobranchii) from the Upper Jurassic Konservat-Lagerstätten of Southern Germany: Taxonomy, Diversity, and Faunal Relationships . Diversity . 15 . 3 . 386 . 10.3390/d15030386 . free . 36950327 . 7614348 . 1424-2818.
6. "Table 1; Chondrostei; Coccolepidae" in Lambers (1999) pg. 216.
7. López-Arbarello . Adriana . Ebert . Martin . 2021 . Diversity of Coccolepis AGASSIZ, 1843 (Coccolepididae, Chondrostei) from the Upper Jurassic Solnhofen-Archipelago, Southern Germany . Acta Palaeontologica Polonica . 66 . 10.4202/app.00873.2021. free .
8. Web site: Jürgen . Kriwet . 2016-11-15 . Success and extinction of pycnodont fishes (Neopterygii, Pycnodontomorpha) . 10.55776/p29796.
9. Kölbl-Ebert . Martina . Ebert . Martin . Bellwood . David R. . Schulbert . Christian . November 2018 . A Piranha-like Pycnodontiform Fish from the Late Jurassic . Current Biology . 28 . 21 . 3516–3521.e2 . 10.1016/j.cub.2018.09.013 . 30344113 . 2018CBio...28E3516K . 0960-9822. free .
10. "Table 1; Halecostomi; Pycnodontiformes" in Lambers (1999) pg. 216.
11. Kölbl-Ebert . Ebert . Bellwood . Schulbert . Martina . Martin . David R. . Christian . October 18, 2018 . A Piranha-like Pycnodontiform Fish from the Late Jurassic . Current Biology . 28 . 21 . 3516–3521.e2 . 10.1016/j.cub.2018.09.013 . 30344113 . 53045425 . free. 2018CBio...28E3516K .
12. Ebert . E . 2018 . The Pycnodontidae (Actinopterygii) in the late Jurassic: 2) Turboscinetes gen. nov. in the Solnhofen Archipelago (Germany) and Cerin (France) (project) . 2024-06-21 . MorphoBank datasets. 10.7934/p3271 .
13. Poyato-Ariza . Francisco Jose . Wenz . Sylvie . 2000-03-01 . A new pycnodontiform fish from the Early Cretaceous of Las Hoyas (Cuenca, Spain) . Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France . 171 . 2 . 251–258 . 10.2113/171.2.251 . 1777-5817.
14. Ebert . Martin . 2019-10-21 . A new genus of Pycnodontidae (Actinopterygii) from the Upper Jurassic of France and Germany, included in a phylogeny of Pycnodontiformes . Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society . 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlz087 . 0024-4082.
15. Lambers . Paul H. . 1999 . [No title found] ]. Geologie en Mijnbouw . 78 . 2 . 215–229 . 10.1023/A:1003855831015.
16. "Table 1; Halecostomi; Semionotidae" in Lambers (1999) pg. 216.
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19. "Table 1; Halecostomi; Macrosemiidae" in Lambers (1999) pg. 216.
20. Ebert . Martin . Lane . Jennifer A. . Kölbl-Ebert . Martina . 2016-09-02 . Palaeomacrosemius thiollieri, gen. et sp. nov., a new Macrosemiidae (Neopterygii) from the Upper Jurassic of the Solnhofen Archipelago (Germany) and Cerin (France), with a revision of the genus Macrosemius . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology . 36 . 5 . e1196081 . 10.1080/02724634.2016.1196081 . 2016JVPal..36E6081E . 0272-4634.
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30. "Table 1; Halecostomi; Pachycormidae" in Lambers (1999) pg. 216.
31. Note: Lambers abbreviated Pseudoasthenocormus as "Pseudoasth.," "Table 1; Halecostomi; Pachycormidae" in Lambers (1999) pg. 216.
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34. "Table 1; Teleostei; Pholidophoridae" in Lambers (1999) pg. 216.
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67. Göhlich . Ursula B. . Chiappe . Luis M. . 2006-03-16 . A new carnivorous dinosaur from the Late Jurassic Solnhofen archipelago . Nature . 440 . 7082 . 329–332 . 10.1038/nature04579 . 16541071 . 2006Natur.440..329G . 0028-0836.
68. Foth . Christian . Rauhut . Oliver W. M. . December 2017 . Re-evaluation of the Haarlem Archaeopteryx and the radiation of maniraptoran theropod dinosaurs . BMC Evolutionary Biology . 17 . 1 . 236 . 10.1186/s12862-017-1076-y . free . 29197327 . 5712154 . 2017BMCEE..17..236F . 1471-2148.
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72. Vidovic . Steven U. . Martill . David M. . January 2018 . The taxonomy and phylogeny of Diopecephalus kochi (Wagner, 1837) and ' Germanodactylus rhamphastinus ' (Wagner, 1851) . Geological Society, London, Special Publications . 455 . 1 . 125–147 . 10.1144/SP455.12 . 2018GSLSP.455..125V . 0305-8719.
73. Frey . Eberhard . Meyer . Christian A. . Tischlinger . Helmut . December 2011 . The oldest azhdarchoid pterosaur from the Late Jurassic Solnhofen Limestone (Early Tithonian) of Southern Germany . Swiss Journal of Geosciences . 104 . S1 . 35–55 . 10.1007/s00015-011-0073-1 . 1661-8726.
74. Hone . David W. E. . Tischlinger . Helmut . Frey . Eberhard . Röper . Martin . 2012-07-05 . Claessens . Leon . A New Non-Pterodactyloid Pterosaur from the Late Jurassic of Southern Germany . PLOS ONE . 7 . 7 . e39312 . 10.1371/journal.pone.0039312 . free . 22792168 . 3390345 . 2012PLoSO...739312H . 1932-6203.
75. Martill . David M. . Frey . Eberhard . Tischlinger . Helmut . Mäuser . Matthias . Rivera-Sylva . Héctor E. . Vidovic . Steven U. . 2023-06-01 . A new pterodactyloid pterosaur with a unique filter-feeding apparatus from the Late Jurassic of Germany . PalZ . 97 . 2 . 383–424 . 10.1007/s12542-022-00644-4 . 2023PalZ...97..383M . 1867-6812. free .
76. Jouve, S. (2004). "Description of the skull of a Ctenochasma (Pterosauria) from the latest Jurassic of eastern France, with a taxonomic revision of European Tithonian Pterodactyloidea." Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 24(3): 542-554.
77. London~[e-mail] . David W. E. Hone~Queen Mary University of . Paleontology~[e-mail] . René Lauer~Lauer Foundation for . Paleontology~[e-mail] . Bruce Lauer~Lauer Foundation for . Altmühltal~[e-mail] . Frederik Spindler~Dinosaurier Museum . 2023-07-08 . Petrodactyle wellnhoferi gen. et sp. nov.: A new and large ctenochasmatid pterosaur from the Late Jurassic of Germany . 2024-06-21 . Palaeontologia Electronica . 10.26879/1251. free .
78. Spindler . Frederik . 2024-07-23 . A pterosaurian connecting link from the Late Jurassic of Germany . . English . 27 . 2 . 1–27 . 10.26879/1366 . 1094-8074. free .
79. Tischlinger . Helmut . Frey . Eberhard . 2013 . A new pterosaur with mosaic characters of basal and pterodactyloid Pterosauria from the Upper Kimmeridgian of Painten (Upper Palatinate, Germany) . Archaeopteryx . de . 31 . 1–13.
80. Bennett . S. Christopher . May 1995 . A statistical study of Rhamphorhynchus from the Solnhofen Limestone of Germany: Year-classes of a single large species . Journal of Paleontology . 69 . 3 . 569–580 . 10.1017/S0022336000034946 . 1995JPal...69..569B . 0022-3360.
81. "Scaphognathus." In: Cranfield, Ingrid (ed.). The Illustrated Directory of Dinosaurs and Other Prehistoric Creatures. London: Salamander Books, Ltd. Pp. 308-309.
82. Spindler . Frederik . January 2022 . Einsame Spitze -Fakten und Spekulation über das Solnhofener Gipfelraubtier Lonely at the top -facts and rumours about the Solnhofen apex predator . Archaeopteryx . 37 . 56–68.
83. Book: Solnhofen: ein Fenster in die Jurazeit . 2015 . Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil . 978-3-89937-195-6 . Arratia Fuentes . Gloria . München . 929457413 . Schultze . Hans-Peter . Tischlinger . Helmut . Viohl . Günter.
84. Clare V. Milsom. (1994) Saccacoma, a benthic crinoid from the Jurassic Solnhofen Limestone, Germany . Palaeontology 37 (1) 121-129.
85. Fuchs . Dirk . Iba . Yasuhiro . Heyng . Alexander . Iijima . Masaya . Klug . Christian . Larson . Neal L. . Schweigert . Günter . February 2020 . Brayard . Arnaud . The Muensterelloidea: phylogeny and character evolution of Mesozoic stem octopods . Papers in Palaeontology . en . 6 . 1 . 31–92 . 10.1002/spp2.1254 . 2056-2799.
86. Fuchs . Dirk . Klinghammer . Andreas . Keupp . Helmut . 2007-09-05 . Taxonomy, morphology and phylogeny of plesioteuthidid coleoids from the Upper Jurassic (Tithonian) Plattenkalks of Solnhofen . Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen . 245 . 2 . 239–252 . 10.1127/0077-7749/2007/0245-0239 . 0077-7749.
87. Fuchs . Dirk . Heyng . Alexander . 2024-07-23 . A new stem-octopod (Coleoidea: Cephalopoda) from the Late Jurassic Eichstätt Archipelago – juveniles or dwarfed adults? . Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen . en . 10.1127/njgpa/2024/1198.
88. Donovan . D.T. . Strugnell . J.M. . 2010-05-24 . A redescription of the fossil coleoid cephalopod genus Palaeololigo Naef, 1921 (Decapodiformes: Palaeololiginidae) and its relationship to Recent squids . Journal of Natural History . en . 44 . 23-24 . 1475–1492 . 10.1080/00222931003624838 . 0022-2933.
89. Garassino . Alessandro . Schweigert . Guenter . January 2006 . The Upper Jurassic Solnhofen decapod crustacean fauna: Review of the types from old descriptions. Part I. Infraorders Astacidea, Thalassinidea, and Palinura . Memorie della Società italiana di Scienze naturali e del Museo civico di Storia naturale di Milano . 34 . 1 . 1–64.
90. Charbonnier . Sylvain . Garassino . Alessandro . Pacaud . Jean-Michel . Schweigert . Günter . December 2012 . Rediscovery of the type material of Eryon cuvieri Desmarest, 1817 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Eryonidae) and nomenclatural consequences . Geodiversitas . 34 . 4 . 849–855 . 10.5252/g2012n4a7 . 1280-9659.
91. Haug . Carolin . Wiethase . Joris . Haug . Joachim . 2015-12-30 . New records of Mesozoic mantis shrimp larvae and their implications on modern larval traits in stomatopods . Palaeodiversity . 8 . 121–133.
92. Winkler . Norbert . Schweigert . Günter . Winkler . Annette . Härer . Jürgen . 2024-07-18 . The first fossil bresiliid shrimp (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea) from the Solnhofen Lithographic Limestones (Upper Jurassic, Southern Germany) . Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen . en . 311 . 3 . 281–297 . 10.1127/njgpa/2024/1192 . 0077-7749.
93. Haug . Joachim T. . Haug . Carolin . Maas . Andreas . Kutschera . Verena . Waloszek . Dieter . 2010-09-21 . Evolution of mantis shrimps (Stomatopoda, Malacostraca) in the light of new Mesozoic fossils . BMC Evolutionary Biology . 10 . 1 . 290 . 10.1186/1471-2148-10-290 . 1471-2148 . 2955030 . 20858249 . free . 2010BMCEE..10..290H .
94. Haug . C. . Haug . J. . Waloszek . D. . 2009 . Morphology and ontogeny of the Upper Jurassic mantis shrimp Spinosculda ehrlichi n. gen. n. sp. from southern Germany . Palaeodiversity . 2 . 111–118. 2601897 .
95. Haug . Carolin . Haug . Joachim T. . 2021-04-16 . A new fossil mantis shrimp and the convergent evolution of a lobster-like morphotype . PeerJ . 9 . e11124 . 10.7717/peerj.11124 . 2167-8359 . 8054755 . 33959413 . free .
96. "Table 1; Halecostomi; 'Halecostomi inc. sed.'" in Lambers (1999) pg. 216.| H. latus|Solnhofen|Altmühltal Formation||| rowspan="1" | |}

    Halecomorphi

    Ionoscopidae

    Genus	Species	Locality	Formation	Material	Notes	Images
    Ainia^[22]	A. agassizi	Brunn	Torleite Formation
    Altmuehlfuro^[23]	A. boomerang
    Brachyichthys	B. radiato-puncatus
    	B. typicus
    Ionoscopus^[24]	I. cyprinoides	Eichstätt	Altmühltal Formation
    	I. desori	Zandt	Torleite Formation
    	I. esocinus
    	I. münsteri
    	I. striatissimus
    "Furo"^[25]	"F." angustus	Solnhofen, Schamhaupten, Zandt	Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation
    	"F." longiserratus	Eichstätt, Solnhofen, Kelheim, Zandt	Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation
    	"F." latimanus	Solnhofen, Eichstätt	Altmühltal Formation
    Ophiopsis^[26]	O. muensteri	Kelheim, Brunn, Ettling
    Ophiopsiella	O. attenuata
    	O. breviceps
    	O. procera
    Schernfeldfuro	S. uweelleri	Eichstätt	Altmühltal Formation
    Zandtfuro	Z. tischlingeri	Zandt	Torleite Formation

    Amiiformes

    !Genus!Species!Locality!Formation!Material!Notes!Images

    Amblysemius^[27]	A. bellicianus	Eichstätt	Altmühltal Formation
    	A. pachyurus
    	"A." granulatus	Kelheim	Altmühltal Formation
    Caturus	C. furcatus	Kelheim, Solnhofen, Ettling, Wattendorf?	Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation
    	"C." macrurus	Kelheim	Altmühltal Formation
    	"C." latus	Solnhofen	Altmühltal Formation
    	"C." granulatus	Kelheim	Altmühltal Formation
    	"C." ferox	Solnhofen	Altmühltal Formation
    "Furo"^[28]	"F." microlepidotus	Eichstätt	Altmühltal Formation
    Strobilodus	S. giganteus	Painten	Torleite Formation
    Liodesmus	L. gracilis	Solnhofen	Altmühltal Formation
    	L. sprattiformis	Solnhofen, Eichstätt	Altmühltal Formation
    Lophiurus?	L. minutus
    Amiopsis	A. lepidota	Eichstätt, Solnhofen, Ettling	Altmühltal Formation
    Solnhofenamia	S. elongata	Eichstätt	Altmühltal Formation

    Pleuropholidae

    Genus	Species	Locality	Formation	Material	Notes	Images
    Pleuropholis^[29]	P. laevissima	Daiting, Painten	Mörnsheim Formation, Torleite Formation
    	P. pompecki
    	P. wagneri

    Pachycormidae

    Genus	Species	Locality	Formation	Material	Notes	Images
    Asthenocormus^[30]	A. titanius	Eichstätt, Painten	Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation
    Hypsocormus	H. insignis	Obereichstätt, Solnhofen	Altmühltal Formation
    	H. macrodon
    Leedsichthys?	L. sp
    Orthocormus	O. cornutus	Birkhof, Blumenberg, Schernfeld	Altmühltal Formation
    	O. roeperi	Brunn	Torleite Formation
    	O. teyleri?	Schamhaupten	Torleite Formation
    Pseudoasthenocormus^[31]	P. retrodorsalis	Langenaltheim	Altmühltal Formation
    Pachycormidae	Indeterminate	Wattendorf	Torleite Formation	Giant skull fragment of a presumably 4 meter long pachycormid
    Sauropsis	S. longimanus	Eichstätt, Blumenberg	Altmühltal Formation
    	S. depressus	Blumenberg, Schernfeld, Eichstätt	Altmühltal Formation
    Simocormus^[32]	S. macrolepidotus	Solnhofen, Eichstätt	Altmühltal Formation

    Aspidorhynchidae

    Genus	Species	Locality	Formation	Material	Notes	Images
    Aspidorhynchus^[33]	A. acutirostris	Eichstätt, Zandt, Painten	Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation
    	A. ornatissimus
    	A. sanzenbacheri	Ettling, Painten?	Torleite Formation
    Belonostomus	B. kochi	Kelheim, Ettling	Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation?
    	B. muensteri	Daiting, Mühlheim, Solnhofen, Langenaltheim, Zandt, Schamhaupten	Mörnsheim Formation, Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation
    	B. tenuirostris	Solnhofen, Zandt, Langenaltheim	Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation
    	B. speciosus	Solnhofen	Altmühltal Formation
    	B. spyraenoides	Eichstätt, Schernfeld, Wintershof	Altmühltal Formation

    "Pholidophoridae"

    Genus	Species	Locality	Formation	Material	Notes	Images
    Ankylophorus^[34]	Indeterminate.
    Eurycormus	E. speciosus	Eichstätt, Painten, Zandt	Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation
    Pholidophoristion	P. micronyx
    	P. ovatus	Ettling
    "Pholidophorus"	"P." armatus
    	"P." diagonalis
    	"P." falcifer
    	"P." microps
    	"P." sculptus
    	"P." latimanus
    	"P." latus
    	"P." longiserratus
    	"P." smilis
    Siemensichthys^[35]	S. macrocephalus	Kapfelberg	Altmühltal Formation
    	S. siemensi	Schamhaupten	Torleite Formation

    Crossognathiformes

    !Genus!Species!Locality!Formation!Material!Notes!Images

    Bavarichthys

    B. incognitus

    Ettling

    Torleite Formation?

    Single complete skeleton

    The oldest record of a crossognathiform in Europe

    Ichthyodectiformes

    Genus	Species	Locality	Formation	Material	Notes	Images
    Allothrissops^[36]	A. mesogaster
    	A. salmoneus	Eichstätt, Painten, brunn	Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation
    Ascalabothrissops^[37]	A. voelkli	Schamhaupten	Torleite Formation
    Pachythrissops	P. propterus	Kelheim, Zandt, Ettling	Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation
    Thrissops	T. formosus	Eichstätt, Kelheim, Mühlheim, Ettling	Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation, Mörnsheim Formation
    	T. subovatus	Eichstätt, Kelheim, Ettling	Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation?

    Elopiformes

    !Genus!Species!Locality!Formation!Material!Notes!Images

    Anaethalion^[38]	"A." angustissimus	Eichstätt, Painten	Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation
    	A. angustus	Langenaltheim, Eichstätt, Schernfeld	Altmühltal Formation
    	A. knorri
    	A. subovatus
    	A. zapporum	Schamhaupten	Torleite Formation
    Daitingichthys	D. tischlingeri	Daiting	Mörnsheim Formation
    Eichstaettia	E. mayri	Eichstätt	Altmühltal Formation
    Elopsomolos	E. frickhingeri	Blumenberg	Altmühltal Formation
    	E. sp 1
    	E. sp 2
    	E. sp 3

    Osteoglossomorpha

    Genus	Species	Locality	Formation	Material	Notes	Images
    Ascalabos^[39]	A. voithii	Eichstätt, Schernfeld	Altmühltal Formation
    Tischlingerichthys^[40]	T. viohli
    Tharsis^[41]	T. dubius	Eichstätt, Painten	Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation
    	T. elleri	Schernfeld	Altmühltal Formation
    	T. sp	Wattendorf	Torleite Formation
    Ebertichthys	E. ettlingensis	Ettling	Torleite Formation?
    Leptolepides^[42]	L. haerteisi	Zandt, Schamhaupten	Torleite Formation
    	L. sprattiformis	Solnhofen, Eichstätt, Kelheim, Langenaltheim, Schernfeld, Blumenberg	Altmühltal Formation		Multiple Mass mortality plates of this species are known.It represents the most common vertebrate of the Solnhofen limestone.
    Orthogonikleithrus	O. hoelli	Ettling	Torleite Formation?
    	O. leichi	Ettling	Torleite Formation?

    Coelacanths

    Genus	Species	Locality	Formation	Material	Notes	Images
    Coccoderma^[43]	C. bavaricum	Kelheim	Altmühltal Formation
    	C. gigas	Kelheim	Altmühltal Formation
    	C. suevicum
    	C. nudum	Kelheim	Altmühltal Formation
    Libys	L. polypterus	Kelheim	Altmühltal Formation
    	L. superbus	Zandt	Torleite Formation
    Undina	U. acutidens	Kelheim	Altmühltal Formation
    	U. penicillata	Kelheim, Painten, Wattendorf	Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation
    Macropoma	M. willemoesi	Eichstätt	Altmühltal Formation

    Reptiles

    Lizards

    Name	Species	Locality	Formation	Material	Notes	Images
    Ardeosaurus	A. brevipes	Eichstätt	Altmühltal Formation		Small Lepidosaur thought to be close to the base of Geckota^[44]
    	A. digitatellus	Solnhofen, Eichstätt	Altmühltal Formation
    Bavarisaurus	B. macrodactylus	Kelheim	Altmühltal Formation
    Palaeolacerta	P. bavarica
    Eichstaettisaurus	E. schroederi	Eichstätt	Altmühltal Formation
    Schoenesmahl	S. dyspepsia	Kelheim	Altmühltal Formation		Bavariasaurid lizard that was found in the stomach of the Compsognathus Holotype

    Rhynchocephalians

    Genus	Species	Locality	Formation	Material	Notes	Images
    Homoeosaurus	H. maximillioni	Eichstätt, Painten, Schamhaupten, Kelheim	Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation
    Sapheosaurus	S. laticeps	Eichstätt, Painten	Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation		Large sapheosaurid reaching 70 cm in length, it may be semi-aquatic
    Sphenofontis	S. velseraegen	Brunn	Torleite Formation
    Kallimodon	K. pulchellus	Eichstätt	Altmühltal Formation		Sapheosauridae
    Oenosaurus	O. muehlheimensis	Mühlheim	Mörnsheim Formation		Rhynchocephalian with dentition unique among Tetrapods^[45]
    Vadasaurus	V. herzogi	Painten	Torleite Formation		Rhynchocephalian close to the base of Pleurosauridae^[46]
    Piocormus	P. laticeps	Painten?	Torleite Formation
    Pleurosaurus	P. goldfussi	Eichstätt, Langenaltheim, Painten, Mühlheim, Wattendorf	Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation, Mörnsheim Formation		Acrosaurus fischmanni is a synonym.^[47]

    Ichthyosaurs

    Genus	Species	Locality	Formation	Material	Notes	Images
    Aegirosaurus^[48]	A. leptospondylus	Eichstätt, Solnhofen^[49]	Altmühltal Formation
    	A. sp^[50]	Eichstätt	Altmühltal Formation
    Ichthyosauria	Indeterminate	Painten	Torleite Formation
    Ichthyosauria	Indeterminate	Painten	Torleite Formation
    "Ichthyosaurus"	"I." posthumus	Eichstätt, Kelheim, Solnhofen	Altmühltal Formation		Nomen dubium. Known only from isolated teeth.
    Nannopterygius?	N. sp	Daiting	Mörnsheim Formation

    Turtles

    Genus	Species	Locality	Formation	Material	Notes	Images
    Achelonia^[51]	A. formosa	Wattendorf	Torleite Formation
    Cyrtura	C. temnospondyla	Solnhofen	Altmühltal Formation
    Eurysternum^[52]	E. wagleri	Solnhofen, Kelheim, Painten, Wattendorf	Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation
    Idiochelys	I. fitzingeri	Eichstätt	Altmühltal Formation
    Palaeomedusa	P. testa	Kelheim, Eichstätt, Solnhofen	Altmühltal Formation		Eurysternum crassipes and Thalassemys marina are synonyms.
    Platychelys	P. oberndorferi	Kelheim	Altmühltal Formation		Platychelyid sea turtle
    Solnhofia^[53]	S. parsonsi	Eichstätt, Painten	Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation
    Tropidemys	T. langii	Wattendorf	Torleite Formation
    Thalassemys^[54]	T. bruntrutana	Wattendorf	Torleite Formation

    Crocodylomorphs

    Genus	Species	Locality	Formation	Material	Notes	Images
    Aeolodon^[55]	A. priscus	Daiting	Mörnsheim Formation	Two partial skeletons	A teleosaur
    Alligatorellus^[56]	A. bavaricus	Eichstätt, Kelheim, Painten	Altmühltal Formation, Mörnsheim Formation	Partial skeleton^[57]	An atoposaurid
    Atoposaurus	A. oberndorferi	Eichstätt	Altmühltal Formation		An atoposaurid
    Cricosaurus^[58]	C. albersdoerferi	Painten	Torleite Formation	Complete skeleton preserving soft tissue
    	C. bambergensis	Wattendorf	Torleite Formation	One almost complete skeleton
    	C. elegans	Eichstätt, Solnhofen, Daiting	Altmühltal Formation, Mörnsheim Formation	Skull and vertebrae (NHM 43005)^[59] Partial skull (NHM 37006)	A metriorhynchid
    	C. rauhuti	Mühlheim	Mörnsheim Formation	Partial 3D skull
    Crocodilaemus	C. sp	Brunn	Torleite Formation	Complete skeleton of a juvenile
    Dakosaurus^[60]	D. maximus	Eichstätt, Schernfeld, Schamhaupten, Painten, Kelheim	Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation	Isolated teeth (JME-SOS4577, JME-SOS2535)^[61]	A metriorhynchid
    Geosaurus	G. giganteus	Solnhofen, Daiting	Altmühltal Formation, Mörnsheim Formation	Skull and mandible (NHM 37020) Isolated tooth (NHM 37016)^[62]	A metriorhynchid
    	G. grandis	Daiting	Mörnsheim Formation
    Rhacheosaurus	R. gracilis	Eichstätt, Zandt, Daiting	Altmühltal Formation, Mörnsheim Formation, Torleite Formation	Skull and skeleton (NHM R.3948)	A metriorhynchid
    Machimosaurus	M. sp	Mühlheim	Mörnsheim Formation	Isolated teeth
    "Steneosaurus"	"S." jugleri

    Dinosaurs

    Genus	Species	Locality	Formation	Material	Notes	Image
    Archaeopteryx^[63]	A. albersdoerferi^[64]	Daiting	Mörnsheim Formation	Parts of the skull and wings
    	A. siemensii^[65]	Langenaltheim, Workerszell	Altmühltal Formation
    	A. lithographica	Langenaltheim, Eichstätt	Altmühltal Formation
    Alcmonavis^[66]	A. poeschli	Mühlheim	Mörnsheim Formation	Partial wing
    Compsognathus	C. longipes	Kelheim (Goldberg)	Altmühltal Formation	Complete skeleton	Stomach contents are preserved in the form of the lizard Schoenesmahl.A second specimen of the genus is known from the French Canjuers Lagerstätte
    Juravenator^[67]	J. starki	Schamhaupten	Torleite Formation	Single complete skeleton with soft tissue
    Ostromia^[68]	O. crassipes	Jachenhausen	Torleite Formation	Partial limb bones
    Sciurumimus^[69]	S. albersdoerferi	Painten	Torleite Formation	Complete skeleton of a juvenile preserving soft tissue

    Pterosaurs

    Genus	Species	Locality	Formation	Material	Notes	Images
    Aerodactylus	A. scolopaciceps				Formerly classified as a species of Pterodactylus, closely related to Ardeadactylus, Aurorazhdarcho, and Cycnorhamphus.^[70]
    Anurognathus	A. ammoni			The holotype consists of a partial skeleton, while the second specimen is represented by a perfectly preserved juvenile including soft tissue.
    Ardeadactylus	A. longicollum			The holotype was destroyed in a WW2 air raid, but another more complete specimen is known from the Nusplingen limestone.	Formerly considered a species of Pterodactylus, it is more closely related to Gnathosaurus and Germanodactylus.^[71]
    Altmuehlopterus^[72]	A. rhamphastinus
    Aurorazhdarcho^[73]	A. micronyx
    Bellubrunnus^[74]	B. rothgaengeri	Brunn	Torleite Formation	Single complete skeleton of a juvenile
    Balaenognathus^[75]	B. maeuseri	Wattendorf	Torleite Formation
    Ctenochasma	C. elegans				Originally classified as Pterodactylus elegans
    	C. gracile
    	C. sp	Mühlheim	Mörnsheim Formation	Skull and two cervical vertebrae
    Cycnorhamphus	C. suevicus				Originally classified as Pterodactylus suevicus. This genus originally hails from the Nusplingen Limestone
    Diopecephalus	D. kochi
    Germanodactylus	G. cristatus				Originally classified as Pterodactylus cristatus
    Gnathosaurus	G. subulatus
    Gnathosaurinae	Indeterminate	Brunn	Torleite Formation
    Pterodactylus	P. antiquus				Only one species is currently supported as valid, the rest represent growth stages, often of other species, synonyms, or nomina dubia.^[76]
    Petrodactyle^[77]	P. wellnhoferi	Mühlheim	Mörnsheim Formation
    Propterodactylus^[78]	P. frankerlae	Ulmense	Painten Formation^[79]	A complete skeleton	Notable for its transitional features between pterodactyloids and more basal monofenestratans
    Rhamphorhynchus^[80]	R. muensteri	Eichstätt, Solnhofen, Painten, Kelheim	Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation		Only one species is currently supported as valid, the rest represent growth stages, often of other species, synonyms, or nomina dubia.
    "Rhamphodactylus"	Indeterminate	Mühlheim	Mörnsheim Formation
    Scaphognathus^[81]	S. crassirostris	Eichstätt, Mühlheim	Altmühltal Formation, Mörnsheim Formation		A Solnhofen genus erected in 1861 by J. A. Wagner when he recognized the rhamphorhynchoid nature of "Pterodactylus" crassirostris after the discovery of a specimen with a preserved tail. The Solnhofen Limestone is the only known source of Scaphognathus fossils. S. crassirostris was originally named P. crassirostris in 1831 by August Goldfuss who mistook the tailless specimen for a new Pterodactylus species.

    Sauropterygia

    !Genus!Species!Locality!Formation!Material!Notes!Images

    Pliosauridae^[82]

    Indeterminate

    Kelheim, Painten

    Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation

    Isolated teeth of great size

    Echinodermata

    Crinoids

    Genus	Species	Locality	Formation	Notes	Images
    Liliocrinus^[83]	L. sp
    Millericrinus	M. mespiliformis
    	M. nobilis
    Balanocrinus	B. sigmaringensis
    	B. subteres
    Pentacrinus	P. cf. pentagonalis
    Comaturella	C. pennata	Solnhofen, Zandt, Langenaltheimer Haardt	Almtühltal Formation, Painten Formation
    	C. formosa	Zandt	Painten Formation
    Solanocrinites	S. costatus
    	S. gracilis
    	S. imperialis
    Saccocoma^[84]	S. pectinata			Saccocoma remains are the most common macroscopic fossils in the Solnhofen limestone.
    	S. tenella	Eichstätt, Solnhofen, Blumenberg	Altmühltal Formation

    Ophiuroidea

    !Genus!Species!Locality!Formation!Notes!Images

    Geocoma	G. carinata	Solnhofen, Zandt	Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation
    	G. planata
    Ophiopetra	O. lithographica	Kelheim, Hienheim	Painten Formation
    Ophiurella	O. speciosa	Solnhofen, Painten	Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation
    Sinosura	S. kelheimense	Hienheim, Ried, Kelheim	Painten Formation

    Asteroidea

    !Genus!Species!Locality!Formation!Notes!Images

    Archasteropecten	A. elegans
    Lithaster	L. jurassicus
    Pentasteria	P. tithonica	Hienheim	Painten Formation
    	P. lithographica	Zandt	Painten Formation
    Riedaster	R. reicheli	Ried	Painten Formation
    Terminaster	T. cancriformis	Böhmfeld	Altmühltal Formation

    Echinoidea

    Cidaroidea

    !Genus!Species!Locality!Formation!Notes!Images

    Diplocidaris	D. sp	Eichstätt	Altmühltal Formation
    Rhabdocidaris	R. boehmi
    	R. mayri
    	R. orbignyana	Brunn, Painten	Torleite Formation, Painten Formation
    	R. trispinata
    	R. sp	Painten	Painten Formation
    Plegiocidaris	P. blumenbachii
    	P. sp
    Paracidaris	P. sp

    Euechinoidea

    !Genus!Species!Locality!Formation!Notes!Images

    Diadematacea	Indeterminate
    Echinothurioidea	Indeterminate
    Polydiadema	P. sp
    Diademopsis	D. sp
    Hemipedina	H. sp
    Pedina	P. lithographica
    	P. sp	Painten	Painten Formation
    Phymopedina	P. marchamensis	Painten	Painten Formation
    	P. sp
    Hemicidaris	H. intermedia	Eichstätt, Zandt, Painten	Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation
    Acrocidaris	A. sp
    Diplopodia	D. subangularis
    Pseudodiadema	P. lithographica	Ried, Breitenhill	Painten Formation
    	P. pseudodiadema
    Tetragramma	T. planissima	Painten	Painten Formation

    Other Echinoids

    !Genus!Species!Locality!Formation!Notes!Images

    Phymosoma	P. sp	Mörnsheim, Breitenhill	Mörnsheim Formation, Painten Formation
    Pseudosalenia	P. aspera	Brunn, Schamhaupten	Painten Formation, Torleite Formation
    Pygaster	P. sp
    Holectypus	H. corallinus
    	H. sp
    Kieripygurus	K. jurensis
    Pygurus	P. sp	Eichstätt, Kelheim, Schamhaupten, Painten	Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation
    Nucleolites	N. sp	Brunn, Kelheim	Painten Formation, Torleite Formation
    Collyropsis	C. carinata
    	C. sp
    Stomechinus	S. perlatus	Kapfelberg	Altmühltal Formation?

    Holothuroidea

    !Genus!Species!Locality!Formation!Notes!Images

    Jumaraina	J. sp
    Achistrum	A. sp
    Hemisphaerantos	H. sp
    Priscopedatus	P. sp
    Synallactidae	Indeterminate

    Molluscs

    Cephalopods

    Nautiloidea

    !Genus!Species!Locality!Formation!Notes!Images

    Pseudaganides	P. franconicus	Solnhofen?	Altmühltal Formation
    	P. sp	Mühlheim	Mörnsheim Formation
    Pseudonautilus	P. sp	Mühlheim	Mörnsheim Formation

    Ammonoidea

    !Genus!Species!Locality!Formation!Notes!Images

    Phylloceras	P. serum	Daiting	Mörnsheim Formation
    Glochiceras	G. cf. lens
    Streblites	S. sp	Eichstätt, Blumenberg	Altmühltal Formation
    Fontannesiella	F. prolithographica	Solnhofen, Daiting, Mörnsheim	Altmühltal Formation, Mörnsheim Formation
    	F. cf. franciscanum	Eichstätt	Altmühltal Formation
    	F. cf. euglyptum	Langenaltheimer Haardt	Altmühltal Formation
    Lingulaticeras	L. planulatum
    	L. solenoides	Wegscheid	Altmühltal Formation
    	L. sp
    Metahaploceras	M. acallopistum
    	M. rebouletianum
    	M. subnudatum
    Neochetoceras	N. bous	Blumenberg, Birkhof	Altmühltal Formation
    	N. mucronatum
    	N. praecursor
    	N. steraspis	Solnhofen, Eichstätt, Hummelberg	Atlmühltal Formation, Mörnsheim Formation
    Paralingulaticeras	P. haeberleini
    	P. lithographicum	Solnhofen	Altmühltal Formation
    	P. nodosum
    	P. percevali
    Taramelliceras	T. hemipleurum
    Aspidoceras	A. hoplisum	Solnhofen, Wegscheid	Atlmühltal Formation
    	A .sp	Brunn	Torleite Formation
    Physodoceras	P. episoides
    	P. hermanni	Brunn	Torleite Formation
    	P. nattheimense
    	P. pipini
    Sutneria	S. apora	Birkhof, Wintershof	Altmühltal Formation
    	S. bracheri
    	S. rebholzi
    	S. subeumela	Brunn	Torleite Formation
    	S. sp
    Hybonotella	H. mundula	Langenaltheimer Haardt	Altmühltal Formation
    Hybonoticeras	H. hybonotum	Solnhofen, Blumenberg	Altmühltal Formation
    	H. pseudohybonotum
    	H. sp
    Gravesia	G. gigas	Hienheim, Ried, Wegscheid	Painten Formation
    	G. sp
    Berckhemeria	B. cf. scherzingeri
    Virgataxioceras	V. setatum
    	V. supinum
    	V. sp
    Euvirgalithacoceras	E. supremum	Solnhofen, Eichstätt	Atlmühltal Formation
    	E. eystettense	Eichstätt	Altmühltal Formation
    Hoelderia	H. sp	Wintershof	Altmühltal Formation
    Lithacoceras	L. eigeltingense	Zandt	Painten Formation
    	L. eystettense
    	L. cf. liptingense	Langenaltheimer Haardt	Altmühltal Formation
    	L. cf. riedense
    	L. cf. ulmense
    	L. sp	Schernfeld, Eichstätt	Altmühltal Formation
    Pseudodiscosphinctes	P. ardescicus
    Silisphinctes	S. cf. russi	Zandt	Painten Formation
    	S. sp	Wegscheid	Altmühltal Formation
    Subplanites	S. moernsheimensis	Daiting	Mörnsheim Formation
    	S. postrueppellianus	Solnhofen, Blumenberg, Wintershof, Eichstätt	Altmühltal Formation
    	S. rueppellianus	Solnhofen, Wegscheid	Altmühltal Formation
    	S. viohli	Eichstätt	Altmühltal Formation
    	S. laisackerensis	Birkhof	Altmühltal Formation
    "Torquatisphinctes"	"S". filiplex
    	"S". isolatus
    Aulacostephanus	A. cf. subundorae	Painten	Torleite Formation?, Painten Formation

    Belemnoidea

    !Genus!Species!Locality!Formation!Notes!Images

    Acanthoteuthis	A. leichi
    	A. speciosa	Solnhofen, Eichstätt, Birkhof	Altmühltal Formation
    Belemnoteuthis	B. mayri	Wintershof	Altmühltal Formation
    Hibolithes	H. hasatus	Solnhofen, Breitenhill, Painten	Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation, Torleite Formation
    	H. semisulcatus
    Pavloteuthis	P. kapitzkei	Wegscheid	Altmühltal Formation
    Rhaphibelus	R. acicula	Eichstätt. Blumenberg, Wegscheid	Altmühltal Formation
    Winkleriteuthis	W. problematicus	Schernfeld	Altmühltal Formation

    Vampyromorpha

    !Genus!Species!Locality!Formation!Notes!Images

    Boreopeltis	B. sagittata	Solnhofen	Altmühltal Formation
    Engeseriteuthis^[85]	E. arcuatus	Schamhaupten	Painten Formation
    Plesioteuthis	P. prisca	Eichstätt, Solnhofen, Wegscheid, Schamhaupten	Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation
    	P. subovata
    Senefelderiteuthis	S. tricarinata	Eichstätt, Daiting	Altmühltal Formation, Mörnsheim Formation
    Trachyteuthis^[86]	T. hastiformis	Daiting, Painten, Eichstätt, Brunn	Mörnsheim Formation, Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation, Torleite Formation
    	T. teudopsiformis	Blumenberg, Schamhaupten	Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation
    Teudopsinia^[87]	T. grossheidei	Eichstätt	Altmühltal Formation
    Tyrionella	T. fauseri	Schernfeld	Altmühltal Formation
    Donovaniteuthis	D. schoepfeli
    Leptoteuthis	L. gigas	Solnhofen, Eichstätt, Blumenberg	Altmühltal Formation
    Listroteuthis	L. conica	Daiting	Mörnsheim Formation	Holotype specimen destroyed during WW2
    Bavaripeltis	B. bavarica	Solnhofen	Altmühltal Formation
    Doryanthes	D. munsterii	Eichstätt, Blumenberg, Mörnsheim	Mörnsheim Formation, Altmühltal Formation
    Palaeololigo^[88]	P. albersdoerferi	Eichstätt	Altmühltal Formation
    	P. oblonga	Schernfeld	Altmühltal Formation
    Celaenoteuthis	C. incerta	Solnhofen, Eichstätt, Birkscheid	Altmühltal Formation
    Muensterella	M. scutellaris	Eichstätt, Solnhofen, Wegscheid, Wintershof, Painten, Mörnsheim	Mörnsheim Formation, Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation
    	M. spinosa	Daiting	Mörnsheim Formation

    Arthropods

    Crustacea

    Crustaceans of the Solnhofen Formation
    Name	Species	Presence	Notes	Images
    Cancrinos^[89]	C. claviger	Solnhofen	A cancrinid
    Cycleryon	C. elongatus	Solnhofen	An eryonid
    	C. orbiculatus		An eryonid
    	C. propinquus		An eryonid
    Eryma	E. modestiforme		An erymid
    	E. veltheimii		An erymid
    Eryon	E. cuvieri^[90]		An eryonid
    Etallonia	E. longimana	Solnhofen	An axiid
    Gigantosculda	G. ehrlichfeckei^[91]	Eichstätt	A mantis shrimp
    Glyphea	G. pseudoscyllarus		A glypheid
    	G. tenuis	Eichstätt	A glypheid
    Knebelia	K. bilobata	Solnhofen	An eryonid
    Magila	M. desmarestii	Solnhofen	An axiid
    	M. latimana	Eichstätt	An axiid
    Mecochirus	M. dubius		A mecochirid
    	M. longimanatus		A mecochirid
    Orhomalus	O. deformis	Solnhofen	A pagurid
    Palaeastacus	P. fuciformis		An erymid
    Palaeobresilia^[92]	P. kurthetriegeri		A bresiliid shrimp
    Palaeopentacheles	P. roettenbacheri		A polychelid
    Palinurina	P. longipes		A spiny lobster
    	P. tenera	Eichstätt	A spiny lobster
    Pustulina	P. minuta		An erymid
    Pseudastacus	P. pustulosus		A stenochirid
    Rosenfeldia	R. oppeli	Eichstätt	An eryonid
    Sculda	S. pennata^[93]		A mantis shrimp
    	S. spinosa		A mantis shrimp
    Spinosculda^[94]	S. ehrlichi		A mantis shrimp
    Stenochirus	S. angustus	Flonheim	A stenochirid
    	S. mayeri	Solnhofen	A stenochirid
    Squamosoglyphea	S. squamosa	Kelheim	A glypheid
    Tyrannosculda^[95]	T. laurae	Eichstätt	A mantis shrimp

    Thylacocephalans

    Thylacocephalans of the Solnhofen Formation
    Taxa	Presence	Notes	Images
    Clausocaris	C. lithographica
    Dollocaris	D. michelorum
    Mayrocaris	M. bucculata
    Falcatacaris	F. bastelbergeri

    Insects

    References

    General

    • Lambers, P. H. (1999). The actinopterygian fish fauna of the Late Kimmeridgian and Early Tithonian 'Plattenkalke' near Solnhofen (Bavaria, Germany): state of the art. Geologie en Mijnbouw 78:215-229.

    ]