Samut Prakan province explained

Native Name:จังหวัดสมุทรปราการ
Native Name Lang:th
Settlement Type:Province
Translit Lang1 Info1:Chinese: 北欖 Pāk-năm
Translit Lang1 Type1:Teochew
Translit Lang1:Other
Nickname:Muang Pak Nam (Thai: เมืองปากน้ำ)
Muang Prakan (Thai: เมืองปราการ)
Motto:ป้อมยุทธนาวี พระเจดีย์กลางน้ำ ฟาร์มจระเข้ใหญ่ งามวิไลเมืองโบราณ สงกรานต์พระประแดง ปลาสลิดแห้งรสดี ประเพณีรับบัว ครบถ้วนทั่วอุตสาหกรรม
("The naval fort. Phra Chedi surrounded by water. Large crocodile farm. Beautiful Mueang Boran. The Songkran festival of Phra Pradaeng. Tasty dried gourami fish. Lotus receiving festival. Complete in industry.")
Mapsize:frameless
Map Alt:! Nasa map worlds
Subdivision Type:Country
Seat Type:Capital
Seat:Mueang Samut Prakan
Leader Title:Governor
Leader Name:Supphamit Chinnasri
(since October 2022)
Area Footnotes:[1]
Area Total Km2:1,004
Area Rank:71st
Population Footnotes:[2]
Population Total:1,344,875
Population As Of:2019
Population Rank:13th
Population Density Km2:1,340
Population Density Rank:3rd
Demographics Type2:GDP
Demographics2 Footnotes:[3]
Demographics2 Title1:Total
Demographics2 Info1:baht 717 billion
(US$25.7 billion) (2019)
Timezone1:ICT
Utc Offset1:+07:00
Demographics Type1:Human Achievement Index
Demographics1 Footnotes:[4]
Demographics1 Title1:HAI (2022)
Demographics1 Info1:0.6297 "somewhat low"
Ranked 53rd
Postal Code Type:Postal code
Postal Code:10xxx
Area Code Type:Calling code
Area Code:02
Iso Code:TH-11

Samut Prakan province, (Thai: จังหวัดสมุทรปราการ, in Thai pronounced as /sāmùt prāːkāːn/) Samut Prakan, or Samutprakan is one of the central provinces (changwat) of Thailand, established by the Act Establishing Changwat Samut Prakan, Changwat Nonthaburi, Changwat Samut Sakhon, and Changwat Nakhon Nayok, Buddhist Era 2489 (1946), which came into force 9 May 1946.[5]

It is a part of the Bangkok Metropolitan Region. Neighbouring provinces are Bangkok, to the north and west, and Chachoengsao to the east. Samut Prakan was previously once home to a Dutch trading post who referred to the area as New Amsterdam. Suvarnabhumi Airport is in Bang Phli district of Samut Prakan province as well as the districts of Bang Kapi, Lat Krabang, and Prawet in neighbouring Bangkok city.

History

The province was created during the era of the Ayutthaya Kingdom, with its administrative centre at Prapadaeng. It was the sea port of Siam, and was secured with forts, town moats, and town walls. King Rama II started building the new centre at Samut Prakan in 1819, after his predecessor King Taksin had abandoned the town fortifications. Altogether six forts were built on both sides of the Chao Phraya River, and on an island in the river the pagoda, Phra Samut Chedi, was erected. These were involved in the Paknam incident of 13 July 1893, which ended the Franco-Siamese conflict with a French naval blockade of Bangkok. Of the original six forts only two still exist today, Phi Sua Samut and Phra Chulachomklao.

Toponymy

In Thai the word is from Sanskrit,, meaning 'ocean' or 'sea', and the word is from Sanskrit,, meaning 'fortress', 'walls', or 'stronghold'.

Geography

Samut Prakan lies at the mouth of the Chao Phraya River on the Gulf of Thailand. Thus the province is also sometimes called Pak Nam (ปากน้ำ), Thai for 'mouth of river'. The part of the province on the west side of the river consists mostly of rice paddies and shrimp farms as well as mangrove forests, while the eastern part is the urban centre, including industrial factories. It is part of the Bangkok metropolis. The urbanization on both sides of the provincial boundary is identical. The total forest area is 28km² or 3 percent of provincial area.[6] The province has a coastline of approximately 47.2 kilometres.Samut Prakan is the site of a skirmish between French and Siamese forces on 13 July 1893, subsequently referred to as the Paknam Incident. This battle resulted in a French victory and the signing of the Franco-Siamese Treaty of 3 October 1893 which ceded territory east of the Mekong River to France, territory that forms much of modern Laos.[7]

Symbols

The provincial seal shows the temple Phra Samut Chedi, the most important site of Buddhist worship in the province.

The provincial tree is Thespesia populnea.

Administrative divisions

Provincial government

The province is divided into six districts (amphoes). The districts are further subdivided into 50 subdistricts (tambons) and 396 villages (mubans).

  1. Mueang Samut Prakan
  2. Bang Bo
  3. Bang Phli
  1. Phra Pradaeng
  2. Phra Samut Chedi
  3. Bang Sao Thong

Local government

As of 13 May 2020, there are: one Samut Prakan Provincial Administrative Organization - PAO (Thai: ongkan borihan suan changwat) and twenty-two municipal (thesaban) areas in the province. The capital Samut Prakan has city (thesaban nakhon) status. Further seven have town (thesaban mueang) status and fourteen subdistrict municipalities (thesaban tambon).[2]

 City municipalityPopulation 
  1Samut Prakan[8] 50,843 
 Town municipalitiesPopulation  4Praekkasa Mai[9] 48,146
  1Puchao Samingphrai[10] [11] 73,232  5Pak Nam Samut Prakan[12] 35,050
  2Lat Luang[13] 71,882  6Phraekkasa[14] 27,207
  3Bang Kaeo[15] 59,548  7Phra Pradaeng[16]   9,338
 Subdistrict municipalitiesPopulation   
  1Bang Pu[17] 120,127  8Laem Fapha21,216
  2Bang Mueang100,598  9Phra Samut Chedi12,391
  3Dan Samrong  55,48810Bang Phli12,068
  4Phraekkasa  36,32311Khlong Dan11,522
  5Samrong Nuea[18]   30,49812Bang Phli Noi[19]   9,155
  6Thepharak[20]   22,31213Bang Bo  6,469
  7Bang Sao Thong  22,24314Khlong Suan  3,164

The non-municipal areas are administered by 26 Subdistrict Administrative Organizations (SAO) (ongkan borihan suan tambon).[21]

 MunicipalitiesCommunitiesGroups
 Puchao Samingphrai[22] 625
 Lat Luang[23] 423
 Bang Kaeo[24] 16–
 Pak Nam[25] 24–
 Bang Pu[26] 464
 Bang Sao Thong[27] 17–
 Bang Bo[28] 10–
 Khlong Suan[29] 10–

For national elections, the province is divided into three voting districts, one represented by three assemblymen and the other two each by two assemblymen.

Suvarnabhumi Airport

See main article: Suvarnabhumi Airport.

Suvarnabhumi Airport (; in Thai pronounced as /sù.wān.ná.pʰūːm/[30]), also known as (New) Bangkok International Airport, is one of two international airports serving Bangkok. The other one is Don Mueang International Airport.[31] [32] Suvarnabhumi covers an area of 3240hectare.

The airport is on what had formerly been known as Nong Nguhao (Cobra Swamp) in Racha Thewa in Bang Phli, Samut Prakan province, about east of downtown Bangkok. The terminal building was designed by Helmut Jahn of Murphy / Jahn Architects. It was constructed primarily by ITO Joint Venture. The airport has the world's tallest free-standing control tower (132.2m (433.7feet)), and the world's fourth largest single-building airport terminal, (563000m2).

Suvarnabhumi is the twentieth busiest airport in the world, the sixth busiest airport in Asia, and the busiest in the country, handling 63 million passengers in 2018,[33] and is also a major air cargo hub, with a total of 95 airlines. On social networks, Suvarnabhumi was the world's most popular site for taking Instagram photographs in 2012.[34]

The airport inherited the airport code, BKK, from Don Mueang after the older airport ceased international commercial flights. Motorway 7 connects the airport, Bangkok, and the heavily industrial eastern seaboard of Thailand, where most export manufacturing takes place.

Bhumibol Bridge

See main article: Bhumibol Bridge.

The Bhumibol Bridge (Thai: สะพานภูมิพล), also known as the Industrial Ring Road Bridge (Thai: สะพานวงแหวนอุตสาหกรรม) is part of the 13 km long Industrial Ring Road connecting southern Bangkok with Samut Prakan province. The bridge crosses the Chao Phraya River twice, with two cable-stayed spans of lengths of 702 m and 582 m supported by two diamond-shaped pylons 173 m and 164 m high. Where the two spans meet, another road rises to join them at a free-flowing interchange suspended 50 metres above the ground.

The bridge opened for traffic on 20 September 2006, before the official opening date of 5 December 2006. It is part of the Bangkok Industrial Ring Road, a royal scheme initiated by King Bhumibol Adulyadej that aims to solve traffic problems within Bangkok and surrounding areas, especially the industrial area around Khlong Toei Port, Southern Bangkok, and Samut Prakan province.

According to tradition, all the bridges over the Chao Phraya in Bangkok are named after a member of the royal family. In October 2009, it was announced that both bridges would be named after King Bhumibol Adulyadej,[35] with the northern bridge officially named "Bhumibol 1 Bridge" and the southern bridge "Bhumibol 2 Bridge".[36]

The structure of the Bhumibol Bridge consists of two parts:

Economy

Nissan has two factories in the district, together employing 4,000 workers, 30% of them contract workers. Nissan-Thailand has an annual production capacity of 295,000 vehicles, making the Navara, Teana, Terra, Note, Almera, March, Sylphy and X-Trail models. Nissan plans to make 190,000 vehicles by the end of its fiscal year 2019, ending next March 2020. Roughly 120,000-130,000 units are pickup trucks, the remainder passenger cars.[37] Nissan produces hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) based on its e-Power technology and batteries for electric vehicles at a plant in Bang Sao Thong district. It has a production capacity of 370,000 vehicles a year.[38]

Thai Theparos Public Co., Ltd., a leading Thai condiment manufacturer, has its headquarters in Thai Ban subdistrict, Mueang Samut Prakan district.[39]

Health

Samut Prakan's main hospital is Samut Prakan Hospital, a regional hospital operated by the Ministry of Public Health. Samut Prakan is also the location of Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, a university hospital operated by the Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University.

Human achievement index 2022

HealthEducationEmploymentIncome
39212
HousingFamilyTransportParticipation
75511477
Province Samut Prakan, with an HAI 2022 value of 0.6297 is "somewhat low", occupies place 53 in the ranking.
Since 2003, the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in Thailand has tracked progress on human development at sub-national level using the Human achievement index (HAI), a composite index covering eight key areas of human development. National Economic and Social Development Board (NESDB) has taken over this task since 2017.
RankClassification
  1 - 13"high"
14 - 29"somewhat high"
30 - 45"average"
46 - 61"somewhat low"
62 - 77"low"

Trivia

Samut Prakan radiation accident

External links

Notes and References

  1. Advancing Human Development through the ASEAN Community, Thailand Human Development Report 2014, table 0:Basic Data . United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Thailand . 134–135 . 17 January 2016 . 978-974-680-368-7 .,. data has been supplied by Land Development Department, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, at Wayback Machine.
  2. Web site: สถิติทางการทะเบียน . Registration statistics . December 2019 . bora.dopa.go.th . Department of Provincial Administration (DOPA) . 22 September 2020 . Download จำนวนประชากร ปี พ.ศ.2562 - Download population year 2019.
  3. Gross Regional and Provincial Product, 2019 Edition. <> . July 2019. 22 January 2020. Office of the National Economic and Social Development Council (NESDC). en. 1686-0799.
  4. Web site: ข้อมูลสถิติดัชนีความก้าวหน้าของคน ปี 2565 (PDF) . Office of the National Economic and Social Development Council (NESDC). thai . Human Achievement Index Databook year 2022 (PDF) . 12 March 2024 ., page 73.
  5. 9 May 1946 . th:พระราชบัญญัติจัดตั้งจังหวัดสมุทรปราการ จังหวัดนนทบุรี จังหวัดสมุทรสาคร และจังหวัดนครนายก พุทธศักราช ๒๔๘๙ . Act Establishing Changwat Samut Prakan, Changwat Nonthaburi, Changwat Samut Sakhon and Changwat Nakhon Nayok, Buddhist Era 2489 (1946) . http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2489/A/029/315.PDF. https://web.archive.org/web/20080409014726/http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2489/A/029/315.PDF. dead. April 9, 2008. 2 December 2019 . Royal Thai Government Gazette . 63 . 29 Kor . 315–317.
  6. Web site: ตารางที่ 2 พี้นที่ป่าไม้ แยกรายจังหวัด พ.ศ.2562 . 2019 . Royal Forest Department . Thai . Table 2 Forest area Separate province year 2019 . 6 April 2021 ., information, Forest statistics Year 2019.
  7. Web site: วันนี้ในอดีต 13 ก.ค. 2436 'วิกฤตการณ์ปากน้ำ' . Today in the past 13 Jul 1893 'Paknam Incident'. th. 2017-07-13. 2020-04-19. Kom Chad Luek.
  8. 23 March 1999 . พระราชกฤษฎีกา จัดตั้งเทศบาลนครสมุทรปราการ จังหวัดสมุทรปราการ พ.ศ.๒๕๔๒ . Royal Decree Establish of Nakhon Samut Prakan city municipality, Samut Prakan province B.E.2542 . https://web.archive.org/web/20111110170321/http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2542/A/019/1.PDF . dead . November 10, 2011 . 8 November 2019 . Royal Thai Government Gazette . 116 . 19 Kor . 1–4.
  9. 21 November 2019 . ประกาศกระทรวงมหาดไทย เรื่อง จัดตั้งองค์การบริหารส่วนตำบลแพรกษาใหม่ อำเภอเมืองสมุทรปราการ จังหวัดสมุทปราการ เป็นเทศบาลเมืองแพรกษาใหม่ . Notification of the Ministry of interior Re: Establishment of Praekkasa Mai Subdistrict Administrative Organization, Mueang Samut Prakan district, Samut Prakan province is Praekkasa Mai town municipality . https://web.archive.org/web/20191227132739/http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2562/E/286/T_0035.PDF . dead . December 27, 2019 . 20 December 2019 . Royal Thai Government Gazette . 136 . Special 286 Ngor . 35.
  10. 1 October 2009 . ประกรศกระทรวมหาดไทย เรื่อง เปลี่ยนแปลงฐานะเทศบาลตำบลสำโรงใต้ อำเภอพระประแดง จังหวัดสมุทรปราการ เป็นเทศบาลเมืองสำโรงใต้ . Notification of the Ministry of Interior change status of Samrong Tai subdistrict municipality, Phra Pradaeng district, Samut Prakan province to Samrong Tai town municipality . https://web.archive.org/web/20111109233328/http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2552/E/145/21.PDF . dead . November 9, 2011 . 10 November 2019 . Royal Thai Government Gazette . 125 . Special 145 Ngor . 21.
  11. 5 November 2010 . ประกาศกระทรวงมหาดไทย เรื่อง เปลี่ยนชื่อเทศบาลเมืองสำโรงใต้ อำเภอพระประแดง จังหวัดสมทรปราการ เป็น เทศบาลเมืองปู่เจ้าสมิงพราย . Notification of the Ministry of Interior change name Samrong Tai town municipality, Phra Pradaeng district, Samut Prakan province to Puchao Samingphrai town municipality . https://web.archive.org/web/20120125112244/http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2553/E/128/27.PDF . dead . January 25, 2012 . 11 November 2019 . Royal Thai Government Gazette . 127 . Special 128 Ngor . 27.
  12. Web site: ประวัติความเป็นมา . th . History . 2020 . parknumsamutprakarn.go.th . 14 October 2020 .
  13. 10 September 2002 . พระราชฤฎีกา จัดตั้งเทศบาลเมืองลัดหลวง พ.ศ.๒๕๔๕ . Royal Decree Establishing Lat Luang town municipality B.E.2002 . https://web.archive.org/web/20111110003815/http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/00102299.PDF . dead . November 10, 2011 . 10 November 2019 . Royal Thai Government Gazette . 119 . 93 Kor . 4–6.
  14. 13 May 2020 . ประกาศกระทรวงมหาดไทย เรื่อง จัดตั้งองค์การบริหารส่วนตำบลแพรกษา อำเภอเมืองสมุทรปราการ จังหวัดสมุทรปราการ เป็นเทศบาลเมืองแพรกษา . Notification of the Ministry of Interior Re: Establishment of Phraekkasa Subdistrict Administrative Organization, Mueang Samut Prakan district, Samut Prakan province Is Phraekkasa town municipality . https://web.archive.org/web/20200612142633/http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2563/E/112/T_0001.PDF . dead . June 12, 2020 . 5 September 2020 . Royal Thai Government Gazette . 137 . Special 112 Ngor . 1.
  15. 9 October 2019 . ประกาศกระทรวงมหาดไทย เรื่อง จัดตั้งองค์การบริหารส่วนตำบลบางแก้ว อำเภอบางพลี จังหวัดสมุทรปราการ เป็นเทสบาลเมืองบางแก้ว . Notification of the Ministry of Interior change status of Bang Kaeo Subdistrict Administrative Organization, Bang Phli district, Samut Prakan province to Bang Kaeo town municipality . https://web.archive.org/web/20191009105352/http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2562/E/251/T_0018.PDF . dead . October 9, 2019 . 11 November 2019 . Royal Thai Government Gazette . 136 . Special 251 Ngor . 18.
  16. 14 March 1937 . พระราชกฤษฎีกา จัดตั้งเทศบาลเบืองพระประแดง จังหวัดสมุทรปราการ พุทธศักราช ๒๔๘0 . Royal Decree Establishing Phra Pradaeng town municipality, Samut Prakan province Buddhist Era 2480 . https://web.archive.org/web/20111109235140/http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2480/A/1878.PDF . dead . November 9, 2011 . 9 November 2019 . Royal Thai Government Gazette . 54 . 1878–1881.
  17. 24 February 1999 . พระราชกฤษฎีกา เปลี่ยนแปลงฐานะของสุขาภิบาลเป็นเทศบาล พ.ศ.๒๕๔๒ . Royal Decree Change Sanitation districts to Municipality Act B.E.2542 . https://web.archive.org/web/20080409014432/http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2542/A/009/1.PDF . dead . April 9, 2008 . 10 October 2020 . Royal Thai Government Gazette . 116 . 9 Kor . 1–4 ., effective 25 May 1999..
  18. 8 August 1995 . พระราชกฤษฎีกา จัดตั้งเทศบาลตำบลสำโรงหนือ อำเภอเมืองสมุทรปราการ จังหวัดสมุทรปราการ พ.ศ.๒๕๓๘ . Royal Decree Establish of Samrong Nuea subdistrict municipality, Mueang Samut Prakan district, Samut Prakan province B.E.2538 . https://web.archive.org/web/20111112070916/http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2538/A/032/10.PDF . dead . November 12, 2011 . 14 October 2020 . Royal Thai Government Gazette . 112 . 32 Kor . 10–13 ., effective 7 September 1995.
  19. 23 December 2011 . ประกาศกระทรวงมหาดไทย เรื่อง จัดตั้งองค์การบริหารส่วนตำบลบางพลีน้อย อำเภอบางบ่อ จังหวัดสมุทรปราการ เป็นเทศบาตำบลบางพลีน้อย . Notification of the Ministry of Interior Re: Establishment of Bang Phli Noi Subdistrict Administrative Organization, Bang Bo district, Samut Prakan province is Bang Phli Noi subdistrict municipality . https://web.archive.org/web/20120125095857/http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2554/E/156/3.PDF . dead . January 25, 2012 . 14 October 2020 . Royal Thai Government Gazette . 128 . Special 156 Ngor . 3.
  20. Web site: Number of local government organizations: Summary elevating local authorities. . 15 October 2019 . dla.go.th . Department of Local Administration (DLA) . 28 October 2020 . No.1.6 Established Thepharak Subdistrict Administrative Organization (SAO), Mueang district, Samut Prakan province is Thepharak subdistrict municipality, effectively 19 December 2019..
  21. Department of Provincial Administration (DOPA), List of 5,324 SAO's information as of date 20 December 2019, 26 SAO's (no.4143-4168) were established in 1995 (18), in 1996 (2), in 1997 (5) and in 2000 (1).
  22. Web site: งานชุมชน . th . Community work . 2020 . poochaosamingprai.go.th . 6 November 2020 . 62 communities in 5 groups..
  23. Web site: ข้อมูลด้านสังคม . th . Social information . 2020 . ladluang.go.th . 6 November 2020 . 42 communities in 3 groups..
  24. Web site: เขตการปกครอง . th . Administrative area . 2020 . tambonbagkaew.go.th . 6 November 2020 . 16 communities..
  25. Web site: ข้อมูลชุมชน . th . Community information . 2020 . parknumsamutprakarn.go.th . 6 November 2020 . 24 communities..
  26. Web site: ข้อมูลชุมชน . th . Community information . 2020 . bangpoocity.com . 6 November 2020 . 46 communities in 4 groups..
  27. Web site: ข้อมูลชุมชน . th . Community information . 2020 . bangsaothong.go.th . 6 November 2020 . 17 communities..
  28. Web site: ข้อมูลชุมชน . th . Community information . 2020 . bangbo.go.th . 6 November 2020 . 10 communities..
  29. Web site: เขตการปกครอง . th . Administrative area . 2020 . klongsuan.go.th . 6 November 2020 . 10 communities..
  30. Web site: How to pronounce Suvarnabhumi Airport. Forvo. 5 March 2017.
  31. News: Don Mueang to be city budget air hub. Bangkok Post. 2 July 2013.
  32. Web site: AirAsia to shift to Don Mueang. 2 July 2013. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20131029183951/http://www.nationmultimedia.com/business/AirAsia-to-shift-to-Don-Mueang-by-Oct-30184904-showAds1.html. 29 October 2013.
  33. Book: Air Traffic Report 2018 . 2019 . Airports of Thailand (AOT) . 1 . 27 February 2020.
  34. http://www.bangkokpost.com/news/local/328383/suvarnabhumi-paragon-top-instagram-places-list "Suvarnabhumi, Paragon top Instagram places list"
  35. Web site: Bridges Named After His Majesty . The Nation . 2012-09-19 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20091024050040/http://www.nationmultimedia.com/breakingnews/30114975/Bridges-named-after-His-Majesty . 2009-10-24 .
  36. Web site: Bhumibol Bridge in Samut Prakan สะพานภูมิพล - Samut Prakan (Paknam) จังหวัดสมุทรปราการ เมืองปากน้ำ . Paknam . 2009-10-21 . 2012-09-19 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20120625204127/http://www.paknam.com/latest-news/bhumibol-bridge-in-samut-prakan.html . 2012-06-25 .
  37. News: Maikaew . Piyachart . Nissan's unions unfazed by jobs cut . 26 July 2019 . Bangkok Post . 26 July 2019.
  38. News: Theparat . Chatrudee . Maikaew . Piyachart . BoI gives blessing to B30bn in plans . 26 July 2018 . Bangkok Post . 26 July 2018.
  39. Web site: Contact Us . Thai Theparos Public Co., Ltd . 29 April 2019.

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